User:Tropylium/Proto-Samic

The following megatable is mainly from the following sources, especially the 1st:

Lehtiranta, Juhani. 1989–2001. Yhteissaamelainen sanasto ('Common Sami Vocabulary'). Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia 200. Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura. →ISBN.
Aikio, Ante. 2006. "On Germanic-Saami contacts and Saami prehistory". In Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 91, pp. 9–55.
Luobbal Sámmol Sámmol Ánte (Ante Aikio). 2013. "Studies in Uralic etymology I: Saami etymologies". Linguistica Uralica 49:3, pp. 161–174.

As comes to data from the 1st, the glosses have been translated from Finnish by myself (User:Tropylium); they are tentative and in many respects approximate; and they should be taken as neither authoritative nor as grounds for assigning meanings for descendants of the roots.

	*i	*ë	*ie	*ea	*ā	*oa	*uo	*o	*u
*∅-	i- iδēntē (“morning”) ijë (“night”) → ikō (“at night”) imē (“uncle's wife”) iplē (“fine, thin”) irës (“shy, panicky”) irē (“wooden peg”) *itētēk (“to appear”) (← Fi)	ë- ëcētēk (“to flood”) ëčē (“father”) ëčkë (“aufeis”), ëčkëtēk (“to form aufeis”) ëδëm (“core, marrow”) ëkcē (“nine”) ëkē (“age”) (← Fi) ëktë (“one”) ëlē (“up, upper”) → ëlēs (“posterior branch of a reindeer antler”) ëlkē (“boy”) ëlmë (“becoming evident”) (adv.) ëlmē (“air”) ëlpës (“lynx”) ëlńë (“gums”) ëltës (“tongue of shoe”) ëltē (“near, close”) ëmës (“odd, weird”) ënētēk (“to use, to wear”) ëntētēk (“to give”) (N-T) ëpëkē (“eagle owl”) ëprē (“rain”) ësē (“skin-side of a hide”) ëskē (“lap”) ëstëtēk (“to be on time”) ëvētēk (“to leak”) → ëvētētēk (N-Ki) ëvē (“belt”) ëvtë (“front, fore”)	(N/A)	ea- eaccētēk (“to love”) eačē (“father”) (I Sk T) eakē (“older paternal uncle”) eakkēntē (“evening”) ealētēk (“to live”) ealjō (“zeal; hardworking”) eamē (“source; mother”) eampēr (“bucket”) eanëm (“land”) eanē (“much”) eannē (“mother”) eanō (“large river”) eanōj (“maternal uncle”) earttē (“side, flank”) easkē (“just now”)	ā- ācē (“crotch; temptress”) āččē (“father”) (S-N) ājccëtēk (“to feel, perceive”) (← Fi) ājē (“delay”) → ājānëtēk (“to dawdle”) ājjē (Sk Ki T) ~ ājjā (“grandfather”) (S-N) ājkē (“time”) (← Fi) ājlēs (“brains”) ājmē (“needle”) ājmō (“weather”) ājrō (“oar”) (← Sc) ājttē (“storagehouse”) (← Fi) ākkē (Sk Ki T) ~ ākkā (“old woman”) (S-N) → ākkō (“grandmother”) ākŋō (“fork”) ākšōjō (“ax”) āktētēk (“to skin”) ālē (“cambium”) ālkētēk (“to begin”) (← Fi) ālkkē (“easy”) āltō (“doe”) āmpōtēk (“to boil over”) ānōtēk (“to beg”) āńēs (“sinew in front leg of reindeer”) āpē (“sea; large bog”) ārē (“skin-side of a hide”) ārē (“rocky ground”) ārkë (“weekdays”) (← Fi) ārkē (“shy”) (← Fi) ārpē (“inheritance”) ārvō (“value”) (← Fi) āsëtēk (“to live; to build”) (← Fi) āsmē (S P) ~ āsvës (“sweet, tasty”) (L Sk Ki) āššē (“thing, topic, reason”) (← Fi) āštētēk (“to threaten”) āvlē (“hook for hanging a cauldron over fire”)	oa- oacē (“cover, net in dam”) oaδētēk (“to sleep”) oajāltëttētēk (“to forget”) oajnētēk (“to see”) oajttētēk (“to win”) oajvē (“head”) oakōtēk (“to gallop”) oaksē (“branch”) oaktē (“rain shower”) oalē (“waterway; groove in ski”) oalkē (“shoulder”) oalōtēk (“to gaw, debark”) oalōl (“jaw”) oamē (“old”) oampē (“sister”) oanē (“short”) oantē (“root”) oańčē (“meat”) oańčōtēk (“to get, receive”) oańē (“sister-in-law”) oaŋkōtēk (“to angle”) oappëtēk (“to learn”) (← Fi) oappēs (“known, familiar”) oarē (“awl”) oarjē (“vein, waterway”) oarŋē (“shy”) oarpēnē (“female cousin”) oarpēs (“orphan”) oarēvē (“squirrel”) oasē (“part”) (← Fi) oastētēk (“to buy”) (← Fi)	(N/A)	o- ocë (“cleavage”) ocëtēk (“to seek”) oδë (“new”) olētēk (“to reach”) olkō (“outside, exterior-”) olmōńčë (“human, person”) ompë (“whole, closed”) ompël (“awl”) orēs (“male”) orōtēk (“to be, live”) ortë (“tree line on a mountain”) ortē (“edge”) oskōtēk (“to believe”)	u- uccē (“small”) uksë (“door”) ullō (“wool”) (← Sc) urkkā (“biceps, hamstring muscle”) urmē (“gadfly larva”) *urpē (“catkin”) (← Fi)
*c-	ci- cicë (“fishnet dye”) cicāńčë ~ cicōkē (“tit, songbird”) cipcētēk (“to pinch, to squeeze”) cirëtēk (“to buzz”) cirkōtēk (“to cut, to break, to splatter”) cissëtēk (“to pee (of child)”) *civnë (“burnt smell”)	cë- cëkëtēk (“to smoulder, to glow”) cëmpē (“a certain bone in the front leg of a reindeer”) cëŋkē (“prop”) *cëvcētēk (“to stop, to block, to bar”)	-	cea- ceakkē (“cut, slash”) ceaŋkōtēk (“to set up”) ceavē (“snow cover that will carry a reindeer”)	cā- cākētēk (“to push, to place)”) cākkëtēk (“to moan”) cāŋmētēk (“to hit”) cāpëtēk (“to chop up”) cāppētēk (“to make corner joins in logs”)	coa- coakē (“low”) coalkkētēk (“to click, to clatter”) coapcē (“foothold or footpath in snow”)	cuo- cuoccē (“seine knot”) cuomcē (“rotten; dust”) cuompōj (“frog”) cuoncë (“skin”) cuopkë- → cuopkës (“broken”), cuopkënëtēk (“id.”) *cuoppë (“meat of fish”)	co- coŋkëtēk (“to cram”) *covnëtēk (“to wake someone up”)	-
*č-	či- čimë (“curved front end of ski or pulk”) čimpē (“shin”) činōtēk (“to harden, to be constipated”) čińčē (“breast of woman”) čiptētēk (“to bend”) čivkë (“animal young”) čivlē (“wart”) *čivrōs (“nit”)	čë- čëckētēk (“to hit, to throw”) čëδë (“coal”) čëδēm (“heart”) → čëδëk (“through”) čëkër (“cartilage”) čëkërtētēk (U Ki T), čëkëltētēk (“to tickle”) (P L N) čëkčë (“autumn”) čëkē (“clump of snow”) čëkkijētēk (“to escape”) čëlëtēk (“to rub dead skin off antlers”) čëlāmë (“tusk”) čëlkëtēk (“to break off, to sink”) čëlmē (“eye”) → čëlmës (“reticulum”) čëvkë (“tight, hard”) čënëtēk (“to tie”) čëpō (“unbroken”) čërkē (“stripe”)	čie- čieckëtēk (“to split”) (tr.) čiečëm (“seven”) čiekëtēk (“to hide”) čiekër (“winter pasture of reindeer”) čiekčë (“osprey”) čiekčëtēk (“to kick”) čiektëtēk (“to fix a net”) čielkë (“clear”) čielkē (“back”) (body part) čieŋël (“deep”) čieŋkëm (“bone shard, marrowless bone”) čieppë (“fowl's resting hole in snow”) čieppëtēk (“to sink”) *čierëstētēk (“to ride downhill”)	čea- čeacē (“paternal uncle”) čeaksë (“omasum”) čealččēs (“little finger”) čealōtēk (“to jump around”) čeapēttē ~ čeapōttē (“neck”) čeappē (“skilled”) čearkëtēk (“to fall asleep (of body part)”) čearō (“treeless felltop”) čeavčē (“hock”) čeavrēs (“otter”)	čā- čācē (“water”) čājānëtēk ~ čājētētēk (“to err”) čākëtēk (“to fit”) čālētēk (“to slit; to write”) čānā (“polypore”) čāŋëtēk (“to enter”) čāppë (“black”) čāprōtēk (“to squeeze”) čāšnē (“woodpecker”) čātvō (“bladed tool for cutting ice”) *čāvŋē (“support”)	čoa- čoacō(j) (“rotten tree”) čoackē (“cold, cold weather”) čoaδkē (“goldeneye”) čoalē (“intestine”) čoalmē (“strait”) čoamōttēs (“withers of a reindeer”) čoanē (“burden, pulk”) čoaŋkētēk (“to pick”) čoapčēs (“calfless reindeer cow”) čoarvē (“horn”) čoavjē (“stomach”) *čoavtētēk (“to open”)	čuo- čuocētēk (“to hit; to rain”) čuojëtēk (“to play”) (music, itr.) čuojkëtēk (“to ski”) čuokē (“ground frost”) čuolëtēk (“to chop”) čuolō- (“steep”) čuolkōj (“log”) čuolmë (“knot”) čuoltë (“tree stump, pillar”) čuoltētēk (“to separate”) čuomë (“fish skin”) čuomër (“gravel”) čuomā (“crowberry”) čuońčōtēk (“to stand”) čuoŋkōtēk (“to stick”) čuoŋvë (“clear”) čuoppëtēk (“to cut”) čuopsēmē (“fork”) čuorē (“gray”) čuorkë (“gray”) čuormës (“grain of hail”) čuorpē (“unskilled”) čuorvōtēk (“to yell”) čuosē (“white forehead”) čuoskōtēk (“to gallop”) čuoškë (“mosquito”) čuotē (“hundred”) čuovčë (“whitefish”) čuovjë (“blue, gray”) *čuovōtēk (“to follow”)	čo- čockë (“log”) čokëtēk (“to sharpen”) čokkë (“tip, top”) čokōtēk (“to comb”) čolkëtēk (“to spit”) čolōtēk (“to spit out”) čomë (“pile”) čontëk (“esophagus”) čorëk (“small herd of reindeer”) čorkë (“tight”) čormë (“fist”) čornëtēk (“to jump out”) čorō (“ridge”)	ču- čuδē (“persecutor”) čukčē (“capercaillie”) čulkumë (“side of shoe”) čuppë (“hat; peak”) čuvδē (“fingertip”)
*δ-	-	δë- δëmē (“glue”) *δëŋës (“twig”)	-	-	δā- δāmpë (“shinbone of a reindeer's front leg”) *δāpδē (“spleen”)	-	δuo- δuomë (“bird cherry”)	-	-
? *f-	-	-	fie- fierōtēk (“to stir”) *fietër (“waist of pants”) (← Fi)	fea- feavlē (“hole in hide from cutting off a leg”)	fā- fāccë (“mitten”) (← Sc) fālēs (“whale”) (← Sc) fārō (“travel company; trip”) (← Sc) fārvō (“loop”) (← Sc) fāttē (“stomach”) (← Fi)	-	fuo- fuomāsētēk ~ *fuomāńčētēk (“to notice”) (← Fi)	-	-
? *h-	-	hë- (h)ëpsētēk (“to smell smth.”) (WS hë- ~ ES ë-)	-	hea- (h)eakkë (“suddendly”) (h)eaŋkë (“spirit”) (h)earkē (“reindeer bull”) *(h)eavnē (“spider”)	hā- (h)ājkkë (“large tree”) (h)ālō (“slanted”) (h)āmē (“hornless or one-horned reindeer”) (S) → (h)āmēlē (“id.”) (U-T) (h)ārtō (S P L N) ~ ārtijē (“shoulder”) (I-Ki) (h)āvtë (“eider”) *(h)āvtē (“pit, grave”) (← Fi)	hoa- (h)oajpōtēk (“to wrestle”) (h)oaššē (“horsetail, Equisetum*”)	(N/A)	ho- (h)ojkëtēk (“to push”) (h)olkë (“lath, pole”) (h)olpē (“selvage”) (← Fi) (h)olvōtēk (“to howl”) (h)omë (“foggy, cloudy”)	hu- (h)uvjë (“down”)
*j-	(N/A)	jë- jëkē (“year”) jëlkë (“flat, level”) jëllë (“crazy”) jëlŋēs (“tree stump”) jëŋëtēk (“to dry”) jërŋë (“open water”) jëskë (“quiet”)	jie- jiečë (“self”) jieckë (“burl”) jielō (“cleft”) jienë (“sound”) jieŋë (“ice”) jieŋsō (“to cool; cold (of weather)”) jierēs (“reasonable, convincable”) jiermē (“intellect”) jievčëtēk (“to imitate”) *jievjë (“white (esp. of reindeer)”) (← Sc)	jea- jeakētēk (“to hold water”) jeakēl (“lichen”) jealëkkës (“clear, serene”) jeaŋkē (“swamp”) jearkë (“travel conditions”)	jā- jākkētēk (“to believe”) jāmētēk (“to die”) jāvkkëtēk (“to disappear”) *jāvrē (“lake”)	joa- joarmē (“wrinkle”) joatkētēk (“to continue”) joavtō (“"jouto"”) (← Fi) (English??)	juo- juojkëtēk (“to joik”) juokētēk (“to divide”) juoksë (“bow”) juolē (“wide, loose”) juolkē (“foot”) juomē (“twin”) → juomēkë, juomāńčë juonë (“path”) juoŋëtēk (“to dry and become leaky”) juorpōtēk (“to wobble”) *juovë (“rockfield”)	jo- jokë (“river”) joksëtēk (“to reach”) jontijē (“"verkkojono"”) (English??) joŋë (“lingonberry”) jorëtēk (“to rotate”) jorkōtēk (“to turn”) jorpë (“round”) *jotētēk (“to go”)	ju- jukëtēk (“to drink”) jurtētēk (“to think”) (← Fi) jusë (“fart”)
*k-	ki- kiδë (“spring”) kijsā (“"kiisa"”) (English??) kijttētēk (“to thank”) (← Fi) kikëtēk (“to lek”) → kiktē (“to incite”) kiksë (“larva”) (← Fi) kilāsëtēk (“to chafe open (of skin)”) kiljōtēk (“to scream”) kilkë (“pale”) killëtēk (“to endure”) kimē (“rut”) (← Fi) kinël (“skin on a reindeer's lower jaw”) kintëk (“attached”) kiptë (“net weight”) kirjē (“spot; book”) (← Fi) kirtētēk (“to fly”) kistā (“glove”)	kë- këckëtēk (“to drown, suffocate”) këckētēk (“to pluck”) këcōtēk (“to hang”) këčëtēk (“to ask”) këččëtēk (“to fall”) këlëjëtēk (“to visit”) këljē (“wide”) këlkëtēk (“to must”) këllē (“much”) këlmētēk (“to be cold”) këlpë (“plate in reindeer horn”) këlšë (“hard”) këltë (“log”) këncë (“nail”) këncēmē (“neck, back of head”) kënë (“dandruff, lichen”) këntër (“hock”) këńël (“tear”) këpë (“lint”) këpērē (“hat”) këpjë (“dust”) (← Gmc) këppëtēk (“to jump around”) (← Sc) kërë (“rind”) kërës (“esophagus”) kërës (“hard”) kërccë (“strap”) kërńēlē (“elbow”) kërōtēk (“to curse”) kërttëtēk (“to tie”) kërvētēk (“to give way”) kësē (“thick”) këskë (“middle”) këskëtēk (“to ignite with flint”) kësnētēk (“to sneeze”) kësŋës (“juniper”) këškōtēk (“to pull, strip”) këtë (“hide”) *këvrë (“bent, crouched”)	kie- kiejë (“footprint”) kiejmē (“heat, rut”) kiekë (“cuckoo”) kielë (“tongue”) → kielēs (“lie, false”) kieltëk (“hindleg tendon”) kiemërtētēk (“to tie together”) (← Fi) kiemnē (“kettle”) kientē (“meadow”) (← Sc) kiepë (“soot”) kieprëtēk (“to curl smth”) kierëk (“treetop”) kierē (“snare”), kierētēk (“to snare”) kierō (“rock tarmigan, Lagopus mutus”) (s)kierrē (“dwarf birch, Betula nana”) kiertëtēk (“to suffer”) (← Gmc) kiesëtēk (“to wrap up”) kietë (“hand”) kietkëmë (“cradle”) kievδë (“rope”) → *kievδëtēk (“to tow a boat”)	kea- keaččëtēk (“to look”) keačē (“tip, top”) keaδkē (“rock”) keajnō (“way”) kealtētēk (“to bend”) keancē (“narrow”) keapë (“"verkonkäpy"”) (English??) keappē (“light”) kearējVs (“sleigh”) kearējVmēs (“thick-marrowed (bone)”) kearkëtēk (“to be on time”) (← Fi) kearnē (“ice crust”) (← Sc) kearsē(-) (“to rotate”) keartē (“thread”) keasētēk (“to pull”) keaδē (“temple (anat.)”) keatkē (“wolverine”) keavō (“to be in heat”) keavlē (“arc, handle”) *keavrē (“ring, hoop; shaman's drum”)	kā- kāccē (“stingy”) kāckētēk (“to bite”) kāččëtēk (“to hurry”) kājēkē (“kittiwake”) kājmē (“namesake”) (← Fi) kājŋēlē (“armpit”) kājōtēk (“to save”) kājpē (“jaw”) kākcē (“eight”) kākērē (“piece of excrement”) kākkā (“iris”) kākkō (“bread”) (← Sc) (s)kālčō (“clam, snail”) (← Sc) kālētēk (“to wade”) kālkëtēk (“to investigate”) (← Fi) kāllē (“rocks”) ~ kāllō (← Fi) kāllēs (“old man”) (← Sc) kāllō (“skull, forehead”) (← Fi) kāllōtëkë(C) (“reamer”) kālmē (“grave”) (← Fi) kālōjeannē (“sister-in-law”) kāltijē (“spring, waterhole”) (← Sc) kālvë (“dry wood, esp. birch”) kāmëk (“shoe”) kāncē (“company”) (← Fi) kāntē (“shore”) kāntētēk (“to think”) kāŋkëtēk (“to pry”) (← Fi) kāpëk (“woman”) kārëtēk (“to tie a load”) kārën (“raven”) kārčē (“narrow”) kārē (“dish, trough”) (← Sc) kārēmē (“woody area in swamp”) kārjēlē (“robber, Karelian”) kārkkë (“bitter”) kārŋē (“slanted”) kāssē (“resin”) kātōtēk (“to disappear”) (← Fi) kāvë (“bend”) kāvnëtēk (“to find”) kāvnē (“object, thing”) (← Sc) *kāvšō (“bitch”)	koa- koacëtēk (“to guide, to brake”) koaccēvē (“conifer needle”) koackēmē (“eagle”) koajvōtēk (“to dig”) koakkē (“hook”) koallōs (“yoke”) koalōtēk (“to freeze”) koalsē (“merganser”) koamērē (“palm of hand”) koamtē (“lid; shaman's drum”) koappēlē (“capercaillie hen”) koaprē (“curled thing, chute”) koarā(ńë) (“woodpecker”) koarë (“poor, prideful”) koarjōtēk (“to lie (of dog)”) koarŋōtēk (“to climb”) koarōtēk (“to sew”) koartētēk (“to roast”) koarvē (“wooden handle”) koasēttēs (“five-year-old reindeer bull”) koaskē (“older maternal aunt”) koastē (“fermented”) koaškōtēk (“to drop”) koatē (“Sami hut, teepee”) koatvē (“distance”) *koavkkē (“ajar”)	kuo- kuoccëk (“rotten”) kuoδētēk (“to leave”) kuojë (“sedge, stalk”) kuojmē (“partner”) kuojttē (“heat of fire”) (← Sc) kuokëtēk (“to shine”) kuovńē (“rotten wood”) kuoksëŋkē (“Siberian jay, Perisoreus infastus”) kuoksōj (“dawn”) kuoktē (“two”) kuolë (“testicle”) (← Gmc) kuolē (“fish”) kuolkë (“hair”) kuolmës (“pine bark used as food”) kuolmē (“twilight”) kuolpënë (“moor”) kuoltē (“cold summer weather”) (← Sc) kuoltō (“cold wind in winter”) (← Sc) kuomē (“palate”) kuomōj (“stomach contents”) (← Sc) kuompërë (“mushroom”) kuonnā (“vulva; smell of urine”) kuontētēk (“to carry”) kuontōj (“tree stump”) kuoŋërë (“arc”) kuoŋkōmē ~ kuoŋkōlV (“larynx”) kuopës (“witch”) (← Sc) kuopëtēk (“to pleat”) kuopērē (“reindeer hoof”) kuoplë (“overhanging snowdrift”) (← Sc) kuoppë (“mold”), kuoppëtēk (“to become moldy”) kuopsë (“roe”) kuorëtēk (“to follow”) kuorkë (“crane”) kuorkō (“underwater rock”) (← Sc/Gmc) kuormē (“coarse”) kuorōs (“empty”) kuorpë (“burnt land”) kuosë (“spruce”) kuosŋëtēk (“to touch”) kuossē (“guest”) (← Gmc) kuostëk (“cold weather in spring”) kuoškë (“rapids”) kuovlëtēk (“to peek”) (← Sc) kuovtë (“ski”) kuovtë (“gap”) kuovtē (“snake”)	ko- kocētēk (“to stay awake”) koččōtēk (“to call”) kočōj (“soot”) koδëtēk (“to spawn”) koδētēk (“to weave”) koklōtēk (“to gag”) kolkëtēk (“to flow”) kollē (“gold”) (← Sc) kolmë (“three”) koltētēk (“to scoop”) komērtētēk (“to bow”) komōtē (“turned over”) komtē (“wide”) konëkë ~ konëŋkë (“king”) (← Fi) kontētēk (“to kill”) końčë (“urine”) kopë (“air bladder”) kopčëtēk (“to cover up, to clean”) kopδōtēk (“to (stay a)float”) kopē (“pit”) koplē (“bladder”), koplētēk (“to float”) kopsētēk (“to extinguish”) korëtēk (“to bind”) kornë (“grain”) (← Sc) kosëtēk (“to cough”) koškē (“dry”) kotkë (“ant”)	ku- kukkē (“long”) kuksē (“scoop”) kulëtēk (“to hear”) → kultëlëtēk (“to listen”) kulmē (“eyebrow”) kumppā (“wolf”) kunë (“ash”) kurë (“cleft”) kurttē (“loon”) kusë (“cow”) (← Sc) kuttë (“six”) *kutë (“cod roe, fish sausage”)
*l-	li- lijkē (“excess”) (← Fi) lijnē (“line, cloth”) (← Sc) likkōtēk (“to limp”) (← Fi) likkō (“luck”) (← Sc) liškē (“surface, skin”) littē (“vessel”) littō (“union”) (← Fi) livë (“rest (of reindeer)”), livëtēk (“to lie”)	lë- lëcëtēk (“to become wet (of leather)”) lëδës (“joint”) (← Sc) lëkë (“near”) lëkkē (“half (n.)”) lëvńē (“peat”) lëmëtēk (“to lie in hiding”) lëńë (“compartment”) lëppō (“beard moss”) lëpsē (“dew”) lësē (“addition”) lëstë (“leaf”) *lëttō (“limb”) (← Gmc)	lie- liekkō (“backboard”) liemë (“broth”) lieŋkë(s) (“warm”) lievlë (“heavy”) lievlë (“steam”)	lea- (š)leaδōtēk (“to blaze”) leakē (“valley”) leamnētēk (“to cast, pour”) *leaškōtēk (“to pour”)	lā- lāčētēk (“to make a bed”) lāδvē (“treetop”) lājδō (“road”) (← Sc) lājkē (“thread”) lājttētēk (“to scold”) (← Fi) lākē (“way, custom”) (← Sc) lāktëtēk (“to become wet”) lālētēk (“to brood”) lāmčē (“strap”) lāmē (“molt”) lāntëk (“cloudberry”) lāntē (“stranger”) (← Sc) lāntō (“pond”) lāŋvëtēk (“to join, seam”) (← Sc) lāpē (“shoulder”) lāplë (“light snow”) lāppētēk (“to lose smth”) (s)lāppō (“back vein, untreated sinew”) lāškē (“lazy”) (← Fi) lāvkkë (“bag”) (← Fi) lāvkkē (“step”) (← Fi) lāvkōtēk (“to bathe”) (← Sc) lāvlōtēk (“to sing”) (← Fi) *lāvō (“lean-to”)	loa- loajtō (“tent floor”) loamē (“cleft”) loanē (“loose”) loańčē (“calm; loose”) loapētētēk (“to put on shoes”) *loaptētēk (“to stop”) (← Fi)	luo- luoδë (“lode”) (← Sc) luojkkëtēk (“to loan”) (← Sc) luoktë (“bay”) (← Balt via Fi) luompël (“pond”) luomtētēk (“to rest”) luonē (“mote”) luontë (“footprint”) (← Sc) luontōtēk (“to split”) luoŋkē (“rectum”) (← Sc) luopē (“shoulderbone”) luoppē (“young pregnant reindeer cow”) luosë (“salmon”) (← Balt via Fi) luoskë (“decorative trim on a man's coat”) (← Sc) luostē (“white stripe on a reindeer's flank”) luoštētēk (“to let go”) luotkës (“loose”) luovës (“free, loose”) (← Sc) luovē (“storage platform”) luovnë (“"launi"”) (English?) *luovtē (“board”)	lo- lojē (“quiet, tidy”) lokē (“ten”) lolëtēk (“to be jealous”) lonōtēk (“to reclaim”) (← Fi) lontē (“bird”) loŋkētēk (“to peel”) loŋōtēk (“to rise”) loptëtēk (“to raise”) (← Sc) losē (“heavy”) lotëtēk (“to pleat”) lotē (“wedge”)	lu- lučë (“excrement, diarrhea”) lusmē (“riverbank”) luvδō (“cradle cover made of leather”)
*m-	-	më- mëkkētēk (“to stutter”) mënëtēk (“to go”) mëńē (“daughter-in-law”) *mëŋē- (“back, rear”)	mie- mieckë (“rotten”) miekë (“to sell”) miektë (“mound”) mielë (“mind”) mielkë (“breast”) mielkkē (“milk”) (← Sc) miellē (“riverbank”) mieltē (“with, alongside”), mietē (“alongside”) (← Fi) *mietë (“honey”) (← Fi)	mea- meaccē (“woods”) (← Fi) meaččē (“far”) (← Baltic via Fi) meaδē (“roe”) mealē (“paddle”) meantētēk (“to err, miss”) mearë (“sea”) (← Fi) mearē (“amount”) (← Slavic via Fi) mearēs (“dull knife or ax”) mearkkë (“sign”) (← Sc)	mā- māccëtēk (“to turn back, return”) mājēkē (“beaver”) mājnē (“bur, injury”) (← Sc) mājnōtēk (“to praise”) (← Fi) mākë (“brother-in-law”) (← Sc) māksētēk (“to pay”) mālē (“sap”) mānā (“child”) mānō (“moon”) (← Sc) māntē (“south, base”) māšëtēk (“to have patience”) mātō (“worm”) (← Fi) māttētēk (“to have power”) (← Fi) *(s)māvē (“small”) (← Sc)	moa- moalkkē (“bend”) moarsē (“bride”) (← Fi) moartētēk (“to put up snares”)	muo- muocē (“moth”) muojsē (“birch cambium; down”) muokēr (“gnat”) muoksē (“liver”) muolō (“unfrozen water at shore”) muonëtēk (“to mention, guess”) (← Sc) muońë (“dry weather”) muorjē (“berry”) muotkē (“passage”) muotō (“face”) (← Fi) muottētēk (“to snow”) muoθē (“younger aunt”) (muoδδē?) *muovëtēk (“to become rancid”)	mo- mocē- (“fault, mess”) moδē (“mud”) mojetēk (“to smile”) mokkē (“bend”) (← Fi) moksētēk (“to cross a river, to survive”) molëtēk (“to pass”) moljōtēk (“to undress”) monē (“egg”) morëč (“"sydäntorvi"”) (English?) morē (“early”) moskē (“dark, clouded”)	mu- muštētēk (“to remember”) (← Fi)
*n-	ni- nijpē (“knife”) (← Sc) niŋēlës (“female”) nirvē (“grin”) *nisōn (“woman”)	në- nëδë (“handle”) nëkērë (“sleep”) nëkkētētēk, nëkkēttētēk (“to push”) nëmë (“name”) → nëmtētēk (“to call smn (by a name)”) nënōs (“strong”) nërkētēk (“to copulate”) nëvētēk (“to soak hairs (off leather)”) *nëvtë (“handle”)	nie- niejtë (“miss, daughter”) niekëtēk (“to dream”) → niekō (“dream”) *nierë (“cheek”)	nea- nealjē (“four”) nealkē (“hunger”) (← Fi) neaskē (“to scrape leather”) neatē (“marten”) (← Slavic via Fi) neavrē (“bad, poor”) (← Fi) *neavvō (“tool, means”) (← Fi)	nā- nāδōtēk (“to fall silent; (of reindeer) to sulk”) nākkē (“leather”) (← Fi) nālëtēk (“to cut, to chop in two”) nālē (“custom”) nāmē (“skin on antlers”) nāŋkē (“to insist”) nāpē (“navel”) (← Fi) nāppē (“bowl”) (← Sc) nārānë(s) ~ nārēńčë (“pimple”) (s)nārttël (“wigeon”) (← Sc) nāstē (“star”) nāvlē (“nail”) (← Sc) *nāvtē (“prey”) (← Sc)	noa- noaδē (“burden”) noajtē (“shaman, witch”) noarvē (“cross-wood”) (← Sc)	nuo- nuolëtēk (“to separate”) (s)nuolkë (“snot”) nuoprē (“innermpost part of birch bark”) (← Sc) nuorë (“young”) nuorjō (“seal”) nuorttē (“north / east / south”) (← Sc) nuottē (“trawl”) (← Sc) *nuovvē (“hemp, waste fibres”)	no- nokëtēk (“to run out”) nokkëtēk (“to nap, fall asleep”) nollētēk (“to crouch”) norës (“most proximal bone in a limb”) nortëtēk (“to push”)	nu- nulppō (“reindeer with short or no antlers”) *nuttë (“fur-lined boot”)
*ń-	ńi- ńińčē (“teat”) (s)ńipčōtēk (“to blaze”) (U-I), (s)ńipčës (“skewer”) (Sk-T)	ńë- ńëckētēk (“to tear (off)”) ńëδētēk (“to join”) ńëkē (“slanted”) ńëkkētēk (“to have hiccups”) ńëlëtēk (“to debark”) → ńëltētēk (“to peel”) ńëlkëtēk (“to dehair”) ńëmëtēk (“to suck”) ńëncētēk (“to rip off”) ńëvē (“rapids”) ńëvlē (“slime”)	ńie- ńieccëk (“hockbone”) ńiejëtēk (“to descend, become flat”) ńielëtēk (“to swallow”)	ńea- ńeancētēk (“to bare teeth”) *ńearēvē (“shallow rapids; meadow by a creek”)	ńā- ńākëtēk (“to sneak”) ńālkē (“sweet”) ńālmē (“mouth”) ńāmpëtēk (“to grope, pet”) (š)ńārččë (“underbelly leather”) ńārkë (“cape, peninsula”) ńārpē (“thin”) ńāvē (“neck hair of a reindeer”) ńāvkkëtēk (“to pet”)	ńoa- ńoacē (“slow”) ńoackē (“valley”) ńoalōtēk (“to lick”) ńoamēlē (“hare”) ńoamōtēk (“to grab, crawl”) *ńoarëtēk (“to pour”)	ńuo- ńuocëtēk (“to become soft”) ńuockë (“wet, raw”) ńuokčëmë (“tongue”) ńuolë (“arrow”) ńuolkë (“straight”) ńuonē (“nose”) (S-P) ńuorë (“skerry, underwater rocks”) ńuorë (“weak, gentle”) ńuorkēs (“cartilage”) ńuortëtēk (“to let go from hands”) ńuovëtēk (“to skin”) *ńuovō(j) (“fish slime”)	-	ńu- ńukčë (“swan”) ńunē (“nose”) (L-T) ńurkōtēk (“to whistle”) *ńuvtētēk (“to mash”)
*p-	pi- piksë (“bird's sternum”) piktētēk (“to warm”) piltë (“pole, log”) pintō (“woman's sock”) piŋël (“longer of unpaired skis”) pirë (“around”) pirēm (“bird or squirrel's stomach”) pittā (“piece”) (← Sc) pivëtēk (“to stay warm, bear the cold”)	pë- pëččë (“bitter”) pëčētēk (“to squeeze, milk”) pëjē- (“over, upper”) pëkētēk (“to tear”) pëlëtēk (“to fear”) → pëltētēk (“to scare, be fearsome”) pëlēmē (“shaman's drumstick”) pëlvë (“cloud”) pëŋkē (“squat”) pëŋkōj (“hazelhen”) pëŋsëm (“lip”) përē (“squirrel's nest, witch's broom deformity”) përkëtēk (“to work”) përttë (“cabin”) (← Fi) pësëtēk (“to wash”) pësē (“sacred”) pësētēk (“to bake”) pëskē (“thick”) pëstë (“tongs”) pëstētēk (“to stick”) pëškë (“excrement”) *pëtë (“butt”) (← Gmc)	pie- piečë → piečëm (“pig's tail”) pieδkëtēk (“to break”) (itr.) piejëtēk (“to put”) piekkē (“piece, object”) pielë(s) (“mast, support”) (← Fi) piemmō (“food”) → piemmōtēk (“to feed”) pieŋkë (“wind”) pierkō (“food, meat”) (← Sc) piernë (“bear”) (← Sc) *pievlë (“snowless patch”)	pea- peaccēkkē (“bird's tail”) peacē (“pine”) peackë (“reindeer fur coat”) peaδē (“bird's breast”) peaδŋēs (“foot support in a ski”) peajvē (“day, sun”) peakētēk (“to crawl”) pealē (“side”) pealjē (“ear”) pealkē (“thumb”) pealtō (“field”) (← Fi) peanëk (“dog”) peaŋkē (“to say, mention”) pearjës (“vent cover”) pearkëlë (“devil”) (← Fi) pearttō- → pearttōmā (“trap”) peasëtēk (“to be let go”) (← Fi) peasē (“nest”) peassē (“birch bark”) → peassō (“wicker”) peastētēk (“to let go”) (← Fi, cf. peasëtēk) *pevrēkkē (“wild or long-legged reindeer”) (← Fi)	pā- pāccëkë (“pinecone”) pāccëtēk (“to release”) pācētēk (“to remain, be left over”) pāčētēk (“to shoot”) pāδvë (“birch wood with twisted fibers (visa)”) pājëtēk (“to allow, be used to”) pājkkē (“place”) (← Fi) pājnētēk (“to press, color”) (← Fi) pākčës (“pain, sore”) pākkë (“hot, heat”) pākkē (“squirrel's stomach”) pāktē (“rock”) (toponym) pālē (“time”) pālkë (“to graze”) pālkkē (“salary”) (← Fi) pāllō (“ball, testicle”) (← Sc) pāltë (“aside”) (← Fi) pāltēs (“halibut”) pānē (“tooth”) pāŋkē (“reindeer's headstall”) pārkētētēk ~ pārkēltētēk (“to plait”) pārkkō (“tree bark”) (← Sc) pārnē (“boy, child”) (← Sc) pārō (“wave”) (← Sc) pārtētēk (“to border”) pāštētēk (“to bake”) (← Fi) *pātërëtēk (“to escape”)	poa- poackē (“shank”) poacōj (“reindeer”) poajmōtēk (“to eat like a bird; to pick”) poakčānëtēk (“to be choking”) poakōstētēk (“to laugh”) poalmē (“plait”) poalō (“button”) (← Fi) poaltētēk (“to burn”) poarēvē (“raft”) poarēs (“old”) poarō(j) → poarōvë (“gadfly”) poarttē (“birch bark vessel”) poaššō (“back part of a hut”) poatētēk (“to come”) poatkëtēk → poatkënētēk (“to break”)	puo- puocëtēk (“to be sick with smth”) puockë (“fart”) puočë (“penis”) puoδō (“dam”), puoδōtēk (“to dam”) puojtëk (“weasel”) puojtē (“fat”) (← Gmc) puokčëtēk (“to dive”) puoktētēk (“to fetch, bring”) puolētēk (“to burn”) puolē (“block”) puolnëtēk (“to wilt”) (← Sc) puoltë (“slope”) (← Gmc) puolvë (“knee”) puoncō (“naked”) puońōtēk (“to dip in fat”) puoŋë (“bosom”) puorē (“good”) puornë (“"purnu"”) (English?) puornës (“embryo”) (← Sc) puošē (“angry”) (← Fi) *puotë (“against”)	po- pockë (“Angelica, plant stalk”) poδōtēk (“to break”) pokē (“strait”) pokkē (“rotten wood”) poktētēk (“to wake up”) polnē (“mound, hillock”) (← Sc}} polttōtēk (“to rummage”) poncë (“down, feather”) poncētēk (“to shake”) ponētēk (“to plait”) ponnē (“bottom”) (← Sc) pontë (“moment”) pońëtēk (“to twist”) porëtēk (“to eat”) porē (“highland”) porjës (“sail”) (← Gmc) porkë (“flurry”) porkē (“molt”) pornēs (“knife handle”) porsē (“waterfall”) (← Sc) poršōtēk (“to bubble, seethe”) (← Sc) portētēk (“to stack”) poskëtēk (“to stick, push”) posōtēk (“to be windy”) potënētēk (“to flood, boil over”) potkē- → potkēstētēk, potkētētēk (“to snow heavily”) povnë (“mound”)	pu- pulččëtēk (“to splash”) pulkkē (“pulk”) (← Fi) puntijētēk (“to seam”) puvētēk (“to strangle”) puvrē (“storehouse”) (← Sc)
*r-	ri- riččōtēk (“to open; to struggle”) rijtō (“quarrel”) (← Sc) rinē (“frost”) riŋkē (“ring”) (← Sc) ripë (“mote”) rissē (“twig”) (← Sc) ritë (“innards; "teuraspuolisko"”) (English?)	rë- rëkëtēk (“to be in heat (of a reindeer bull)”) rëmës (“eyelid”) rëntē (“breast”) rëŋvëtēk (“to throw, drop”) rëpëtēk (“to open”) rëpsë (“drape”) rësëtēk (“to be busy with”) rëstā (“broken, off”) rëšē (“weak”) rëtëtēk (“to separate”) rëtē (“kind of trap”) rëθē (“winter road”) (rëδδē?)	rie- riesëtēk (“to decorate”)	rea- reačmē (“cord in fishing net”) reakōtēk (“to scream”) (← Fi) reaŋvētēk (“to burp”) *reappēnē (“vent”)	rā- rājëtēk (“to make, prepare”) rājē (“border”) (← Sl via Fi) rājkē (“hole”) (← Fi) rājδō (“line of reindeer”) (← Fi) (k)rānō (“hanging decoration”) (← Sc) (p)rāntē (“ember”) (← Sc) rāpë (“plentiful, splendid”) (← Fi) rāpōtēk (“to scrape”) (k)rāsē (“plant, flower, grass”) (← Sc) (t)rāstēs (“thrush”) rātkētēk (“to separate”) (← Fi) rāvkë (“cairn”) (← Sc) rāvkkëtēk (“to demand”) rāvkkē (“wretch, poor thing”) (← Sc via Fi) rāvsā (“gland”) (← Fi) rāvδē (“hanging loop”) rāvtō (“trout”) (← Sc)	roa- roaŋvō (“blanket”) (← Sc) roašmē (“wrinkle”) roavē (“burnt land”) *roavrō (“"komojää"”) (English?)	ruo- ruojës (“stem of boot/shoe”) ruojnës (“thin”) ruojtë (“thigh”) (← B via Fi) ruojvēs (“hemp”) (← Fi) ruokō (“reed”) ruompē (“scab”) (← Sc) ruomtë (“edge”) (← Gmc) (k)ruonë (“green”) (← Sc) ruontës (“wrist”) ruoŋë (“conditions with little snow”) ruopëtēk (“to scrape, claw at”) ruopsë (“red”) ruoptō (“back”) ruosëtēk (“to stumble”) (← Sc) ruosōtēk (“to shine, sparkle”) ruostë (“rust”) (← Sc) ruoššē (“a coarse grass sp.”) (← Sc) ruottëtēk (“to gallop”) ruovjē (“body part of a slaughtered animal”) ruovkëtēk (“to growl”) ruovsē (“udder”) (← Sc) ruovtëtēk (“to be sunburnt”) (← Sc) ruovtē (“iron”) (← IE)	ro- ročē (“straits”) ronō (“reindeer cow”) (← Sc) roŋkëtēk (“to dig”) rotētēk (“to pull, tear at”) rotō (“grove”) *rottō (“hurry”)	ru- ručkë (“brown”) ručmë (“rash, pimple”) rusnë (“mist in sub-zero weather”) (p)ruvijëtēk (“to rub”) ruvtijëtēk (“to plait a cord”)
*s-	si- sijtë (“village”) (← Sc) sikkōtēk (“to wipe”) silē (“tired”) silpë (“silver”) (← Sc) siltē (“herring”) (← Sc) sirëtēk (“to separate, spread”) sirtētēk (“to move”) (← Fi) sitëtēk (“to want”) sivlō (“awl”) (← Sc)	së- sëjē (“place”) sëjētēk (“to hone, whet, grind”) sëkënëtēk (“to be conceived”) sëkëtēk (“to pant”) sëktëtēk (“to toughen (of tree bark)”) sëlë (“fathom, lap”) sëntētēk (“to stretch”) sëŋës ~ sëŋëtē (“thawed, ice-free”) sëŋētēk (“to itch”) sëpēkkē (“ski”) sërē (“blueberry”) sërvë (“elk”) sërvās (“bull elk”) sësē (“sleeve”) sëskëtēk (“to jump”) sësnē (“chamois leather (?!)”) sëvētēk (“to heal”) sëvōn (“stream pool”) (← Fi) sëvsëm (“hair”) sëvtëtēk (“to drizzle”)	sie- siejë (“pus”) siejtē (“altar stone”) (← Sc) sieŋë (“nostril”) sieplë (“slush”) sieppë (“pubic hair”) siesā (“paternal aunt”) sievnë (“ide (fish)”)	sea- seajnē (“wall”) (← Fi) seajpē (“tail”) seajvētēk (“to point to”) seajvōtēk (“to descend”) seakē (“mixed”) (← Fi) seakō (“"kopara"”) (English??) seaŋāńčë (“coarse snow”) seaŋkē (“thin”) seapē (“"häväs"”) (English??) seaprē (“company (e.g. when hunting)”) seaptē (“bait”) seavńē, seavńētē (“dark”)	sā- sāδëtēk (“to pant”) sājδē (“saithe”) (← Sc) sājttē (“spear”) sākë (“speech, message”) (← Sc) sāksē (“dirt; rotten”) sālkë (“seasoning”) sāmē (“Sámi”) sāŋkē (“stick, lath”) sāppē (“gall”) sārëtēk (“to split”) sārkē (“cut, slit”) (← Fi) sārnōtēk (“to talk, preach”) (← Fi) sārtē (“heart of a reindeer; piece of meat”) sāttētēk (“to accompany”) (← Fi) sāvcë (“sheep”) (← Sc) sāvjë (“fresh water; a gnome”) (← Sc) sāvlëk (“nit”) *sāvrē (“durable”)	soa- soaδēs (“stick”) soajē (“wing; sleeve”) soakē (“birch”) soalōtēk (“to pick one's teeth”) soalvē (“bend”) soampē (“staff”) (← IE) soaŋō (“proposal (for marriage)”) soappë (“corner, nook”) (← Fi) soarvē (“dry pine”) *soavlē (“slush”)	suo- suoδëtēk (“to hiss”) suojë (“"verkonkäpy"”) (English??) suojē (“shelter, cover”) suojnē (“hay”) suojpōtēk (“to teeter”) suokë (“thick”) suoksë (“larva”) suolē (“thief; in secret”), suolētēk (“to steal”) suolnē (“dew”) suolōj (“island”) suomtēk (“roots”) suonë (“vein”) suontëtēk (“to cut open”) suońō (“swamp”) suoŋēr (“rack”) suoŋkē- (“burnt”) (← Sc) suoŋkëtēk (“to bustle”) suopētē (“soft, pliable”) (← Sc) suoppōtēk (“to throw”) suorē (“branch”) suorāmë (“nostril”) suorkënëtēk (“to be scared”) suorkē (“branch”) suormë (“finger”) suosë (“porous interior of horn or ice”) → suostō (“soft wood or horn”) suoskëtēk (“to bite”) suottë (“sweet, pleasant”) (← Sc) suovë (“smoke”) suovē (“wet or icy snow”) suovńē (“pit in snow”) (← Gmc) suovrē (“filthy person”) (← Gmc) *suovtē (“gills”) (← Gmc)	so- sojëtēk (“to bend (itr.)”) solkē (“supplemental runner (on a sled)”) somō (“fog”) soŋkē (“back corner of a cot”) sopëtēk (“to gnaw”) soptë (“foam”) sormē (“death”) (← Fi)	su- sukëtēk (“to row”) suntē (“thaw”) (← Fi) supē (“aspen”) suttëtēk (“to become mad, angry”) (← Fi) suvtētēk (“to transport by boat”)
*š-	-	šë- šëlë (“smooth”) (← Fi) šëljō (“homestead”) (← Fi) šëlmē (“eye of an axe-blade”) (← Fi) šëltē (“bridge”) (← Fi) šëmērē (“blunt part of an axe”) (← Fi?) *šëntëtēk (“to be born; become smth”) (← Fi)	šie- šiettëtēk (“to fit in smth”)	-	šā- šāčëtēk (“to push, thrust”) *šāńë (“rag, raggy”)	-	šuo- šuojē (“rowan”)	šo- šokōtēk (“to exude”)	*šu-
*t-	ti- tijmā (“last year”) (← Sc) tikkē (“tick”) tiljā (“seat in boat”) (← Sc) timëtēk (“to soften”) tinnō (“flint”) (← Sc) tiŋë (“pumice; rhinarium”) tivōtēk (“to fix”)	të- tëkëtēk (“to do”) tëktēr (“daughter”) (← Balt) tënē (“tin”) (← Sc) tëppëtēk (“to block”) tërëtēk (“to harden”) tërvē (“tar”) (← Fi ← Sc) tëvē (“deep”)	tie- tiejkō (“forearm”) tielkëtēk (“to patch”) tielō (“table”) (← Sc) tienōtēk (“to border”) tieppē (“tassel”) tietētēk (“to know”) (← Fi) tievtë (“full”)	tea- teajvëtēk (“to meet”) teakkē (“thick meat”) (← Sc) tealōtēk (“to beat leather”) teamēs (“dark”) (← Sc) teampō (“seaweed”) → teampōtēk (“to become moist”) teantētēk (“to push, press”) teańčëlëŋkēs (“lizard”) teapčōtēk (“to squeeze”) tearëtēk (“to run”) tearē (“reinforcing piece of leather on a shoe”) tearmē (“bank”) teavtētēk (“to fill”) (← Fi)	tā- tājδētēk (“to know, be possible”) (← Fi) tājōtēk (“to hallucinate”) tāktē (“bone”) tālkkës (“medicine”) tāllës (“hay bedding in shoe”) (← Fi) (s)tālō (“giant”) (← Sc) tālvē (“winter”) tāmëtēk (“to tame”) (← Sc) tāmčëtēk (“to whet”) tāńčë (“Norwegian, Scandinavian”) (← Sc) tāplē (“spot”) tārëtēk (“to be delirious”) tārjëtēk (“to bear”) (← Fi) tārō (“foreigner”) (← Fi) tārpë (“need”) (← Sc) tāsnē ~ tāstē (“star”) tāvērē (“ware”) (← Fi ← Ru) tāvjā (“dense, frequent”) tāvkē (“arc, bow”) tāvrō (“solid”) (← Fi) *tāvtë (“disease”) (← Fi)	toa- toajētēk (“to break”) toajvōtēk (“to wish”) (← Fi) toakkē (“herd of reindeer”) toalëtēk (“to hold”) toalē (“winter road”) toamëtēk (“to hurry”) toaŋvōs (“padding for a reindeer's saddlebags”) toapōtēk (“to snatch, catch”) toarētētēk (“to follow”) toarēs (“across”) toarjōtēk (“to support”) toarkēstētēk (“to tremble”) toarōtēk (“to fight”) *toarvē (“portion”)	tuo- tuojē (“handicraft”) tuokëtēk (“to bring”) tuokē (“back, rear”) tuokŋëtēk (“to patch, mend”) tuoljē (“animal hide”) (← Balt) tuolmëtēk (“to tread”) tuolpë (“flat”) tuoltëtēk (“to boil”) tuonë (“poor thing; smell of starvation”) tuontër (“fell”) tuontē (“addition”) tuontētēk (“to endure”) (← Sc) tuoŋkē (“tangle”) tuopëtēk (“to pile in a rope”) tuorëtēk (“to hem”) tuorkë (“twig”) (← Sc) tuorpëtēk (“to need”) (← Sc) tuorpōtēk (“to tread”) tuosëtēk (“to light”) tuostëtēk (“to dare”) tuostōtēk (“to catch”) tuotë (“true”) tuotkë (“guts, esp. of fish”) *tuovlē (“tinder”)	to- tojtētēk (“to rinse”) toktëkë (“loon”) tolë (“fire”) tolkē (“feather”) tomtëtēk (“to feel”) toŋkē (“abomasum”) topëtēk (“to stick (of snow)”) *toppë (“sheath”)	tu- tulvē (“flood”) (← Fi) tuškëtēk (“to pour/splash water”) tuvnē (“dungheap”) *tuvtētēk (“to support”)
*v-	vi- vicārtëtēk (“to twitter”) vijδēs (“wide”) (← Sc) vikëtēk (“to take”) vilšōtēk (“to glance”) viŋkëtēk (“to strive for”) vipsë (“skein”) virëtēk (“to fall over”) (← Fi) virkē (“office, position”) (← Fi) viskë (“yellow”) vistē (“reindeer's food”) vistētēk (“to eat mushrooms”) višëtēk (“to bother”) (← Fi) vittë (“five”) *vivë (“son-in-law”)	vë- vëcë (“fresh snow”) vëckëtēk (“to scrape”) vëcōtēk (“to scrape”) vëδë (“open place”) (← Sc) vëjëtēk (“to cut, slit”) vëkë (“fast”) vëkē (“fault”) vëlëk (“"viileke"”) (English??) vëlē (“fast”) vëlētēk (“to jump up”) vëljē (“plenty”) vëlvē (“pack of wolves”) vënëtēk (“to stretch (itr.)”) vënës (“boat”) vëntētēk (“to give”) (S-L) vëńē (“slanted”) vëŋëtēk (“to reach for”) vëŋkē (“hook for a pot”) vërë (“blood”) → vërës (“fresh”) → vërtētēk (“to bleed”) vërkë (“almost; fast”) vësmē (“fresh snow”) vëšē (“hate”) (← Fi) vëvtëtēk (“to be stuck”)	vie- viekëtēk (“to run (bipedal)”) viekëtēk (“to take, grab”) viekë (“people, many”) vieksë (“strong”) vieljë (“brother”) vielkë (“white”) vielmē (“still point in a river”) vielttē (“cliff”) vieńčëtēk (“to fetch”) vientër (“hill, bank”) viepsēs (“wasp”) vierëtēk (“to roll”) vierë (“hill”) vierccë (“ram”) (← Sc) vierēs (“guest”) (← Fi) vierkē (“fur trim on a hat”) (← Fi) viermē (“net”) (← Fi) vierttō (“clear weather”) (← Sc) viesëtēk (“to tire”) vietkë (“concave axe”) viettëk (“an eider species”) *vievŋëtēk (“to stick”)	vea- veačērē (“hammer”) veajētēk (“to be able”) veajkē (“dusk”) veajttō ~ veajttëlës (“unguarded reindeer”) veakkē (“help”) vealččōtēk (“to slip”) vealkē (“debt”) (← Fi) vealttētēk (“to avoid”) (← Fi) veantētēk (“to keep tied”) veantē (“root”) vearëtēk (“to carve”) vearē (“wrong”) (← Fi) vearō (“offer, tax”) (← Fi) veartē (“amount”) (← Fi) *veaškē (“copper”)	vā- vāčëm (“reindeer cow”) vājës (“speech, saying”) (← Fi) vājmō (“core, heart”) vājtētēk (“to wish; to complain”) vājvē (“ill(ness)”) (← Fi) vāktë (“guard”) (← Sc) vālkkā (“shoulder fat of reindeer”) vālmē (“harnessing point on a reindeer's neck”) vāltētēk (“to take”) vāncētēk (“to walk”) vānē (“lack, shortage”) (← Sc) vānēs (“minor”) (← Sc) vāpsē (“mitten's blade”) vārë (“danger”) (← Fi) vārē (“mountain”) vārjō (“piece of clothing”) (← Sc) vārtātēk (“to examine”) (← Sc) vāsētēk (“to pass”) vāstētētēk (“to answer”) (← Fi) vātētēk (“to vie for”) vāvlē (“route, channel”)	(N/A)	vuo- vuočētēk (“to shoot”) vuoččō (“narrow bog”) (← Sc) vuočōtēk (“to trickle”) vuoδō (“bottom”) vuojë (“fat”) → vuojtëtēk (“to grease”) vuojëtēk (“to swim”) vuojētēk (“to drive”) vuojkë (“right”) (← Fi) vuojŋëtēk (“to breathe”) vuojōtēk (“to sink”) vuokē (“way, custom”) vuoksētēk (“to vomit”) vuoktēńē (“"verkkovave"”) (English??) vuolëtēk (“to whittle”) vuolē (“under, below”) vuolē (“song”) vuolkētēk (“to leave”) vuolppō (“woman's coat or hat”) (← Sc) vuoltō (“alpha reindeer bull”) (← Sc) vuomë (“width”) vuomën (“hunting fence”) (← Sc) vuomē (“forest(ed valley)”) vuomtë (“chest cavity”) vuomtētēk (“to sell”) vuonë (“fjord; Norwegian peasant”) vuonēm (“mother-in-law”) vuontëk (“shoelace laced around the thigh”) (← Sc) vuońës (“tame”) vuońël (“two-year-old reindeer cow”) vuońčëtēk (“to thaw”) vuoŋës (“halter”) vuoŋkë (“fishing pole”) vuopējē (“narrow bay”) vuopērēs (“three-year-old reindeer bull”) vuoppë (“father-in-law”) vuopējē (“narrow bay”) (← Sc) vuoppōtēk (“to pick”) vuopsë (“"havas"”) (English??) (← Sc) vuopsē (“span (unit)”) vuoptë (“hair”) vuorëč → vuorëčēs (“crow”) → vuorččē (“crow”) vuorëtēk (“to be delirious”) vuorës (“old; elder”) vuorē (“consciousness, attention”) (← Sc) vuorjëtēk (“to pester, be a nuisance”) (← Sc) vuorkkōtēk (“to store”) vuornōtēk (“to swear”) (← Sc) vuorō (“turn”) (← Fi) vuorpē (“lot”) (← Sc) vuortētēk (“to wait”) (← Sc) vuosë (“uterus”) vuosëjō (“bellows”) (← Sc) vuosē (“reindeer calf”) vuosēttētēk (“to point out”) (← Fi) vuosŋōn (“perch”) vuossë (“bag”) vuossē (“handle”) vuostē (“opposite”) vuostā (“cheese”) (← Sc) vuosvēs (“greedy (during pregnancy)”) vuotë (“habit, property”) vuotkētēk (“to bore”) vuottētēk (“to track”) vuovjē (“wedge”) vuovtë (“hole, birdhouse”) vuovtē (“woods”) (← Sc)	(N/A)	(N/A)

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