adágathar

• ad·ágadar, ad·áigethar

From ad- + Proto-Celtic *āgītor, originally a perfect-only verb *āgetor (“to have become afraid”) and later adapted to the weak conjugation (class A II). From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂ógʰe (“to be upset, afraid”), from *h₂egʰ-. Compare Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌹𐍃 (agis), 𐍉𐌲𐌰𐌽 (ōgan); Old English eġe; Ancient Greek ἄχος (ákhos, “pain, grief”), ἄχνυμαι (ákhnumai, “I grieve”).

Forms with unpalatalized -ág- throughout the paradigm are regular, despite this verb being an A II verb. This is because the vowel á in the stem regularly suppressed word-internal non-syncope palatalization of a following consonant. The fact that this is an i-stem (A II) verb is revealed by the palatalization in the s-preterite forms. Forms with -áig- in the present indicative were palatalized analogically.

• IPA^(key): /aðˈaːɣaθar/, /aðˈaːɣaðar/

ad·ágathar (prototonic ·ágathar, verbal noun áigthiu or áigsiu)

1. to fear, to dread, to stand in awe of
   • For quotations using this term, see Citations:adágathar.

• ágasta, áigesta (“to be feared, fearful, dreadful”)
• áigsech, áigthech (“terrifying, dreadful”)

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ad·ágathar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language