and-

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Gothic

Romanization

and-

  1. Romanization of 𐌰𐌽𐌳-

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse and-.

Prefix

and-

  1. anti-, against, opposing

Derived terms

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old English and-, ond- (against, back), from Proto-West Germanic *anda-, from Proto-Germanic *and-, *anda-, *andi- (across, opposite, against, away), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (across, forth).

Cognate with Dutch ont-, German ant-, ent-, emp-, Icelandic and-, Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-), Latin ante (before), Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, against).

Prefix

and-

  1. against, back, in return, away

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse and-, from Proto-Germanic *anda-, *andi-. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (face, front).

Prefix

and-

  1. against, opposite

Derived terms

References

Anagrams

Old English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *anda-, from Proto-Germanic *andi-, representive of a combining form of and (and).

Cognate with Middle Dutch ont- (Dutch ont-), Old High German ant- (German ant-, ent-), Old Norse and- (Icelandic and- (against, anti-, opposed to, in the face of), Swedish an-), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-).

Pronunciation

Prefix

and-

  1. against, opposing
    andsacaopponent, adversary
  2. in return, back
    andswaruanswer, reply
  3. facing, toward
    andweardpresent time
  4. completely, fully
    andlangentire, continuous
    andweorcsubstance, matter, cause
    andleofennourishment, sustenance
  5. without

Usage notes

This prefix was usually stressed; when unstressed, it weakened to an-, on-, or sometimes a-.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *anda-, *andi-. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (face, forehead, front).

Prefix

and-

  1. denotes whatever is opposite, against, towards
    and- + ‎vitni (testimony) → ‎andvitni (contradictory testimony)
  2. (by extension) hostile, adverse

Usage notes

The spellings an- or ann- are often used in compounds.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Icelandic: and-
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: and-
  • Norwegian Bokmål: and-

References

  • and- in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *anda-.

Pronunciation

Prefix

and-

  1. against, opposing; opposition
    andsako (enemy, adversary)
  2. in return, back
    andswor "answer"
  3. facing, toward; completely, fully
    andward "present time"
  4. without