and-

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "and"

Gothic

Romanization

and-

  1. Romanization of 𐌰𐌽𐌳-

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse and-.

Prefix

and-

  1. anti-, against, opposing

Derived terms

Icelandic terms prefixed with and-

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old English and-, ond- (“against, back”), from Proto-West Germanic *anda-, from Proto-Germanic *and-, *anda-, *andi- (“across, opposite, against, away”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“across, forth”).

Cognate with Dutch ont-, German ant-, ent-, emp-, Icelandic and-, Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-), Latin ante (“before”), Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “against”).

Prefix

and-

  1. against, back, in return, away

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse and-, from Proto-Germanic *anda-, *andi-. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“face, front”).

Prefix

and-

  1. against, opposite

Derived terms

Norwegian Nynorsk terms prefixed with and-

References

Anagrams

Old English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *anda-, from Proto-Germanic *andi-, representive of a combining form of and (“and”).

Cognate with Middle Dutch ont- (Dutch ont-), Old High German ant- (German ant-, ent-), Old Norse and- (Icelandic and- (“against, anti-, opposed to, in the face of”), Swedish an-), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-).

Pronunciation

Prefix

and-

  1. against, opposing
    andsaca ― opponent, adversary
  2. in return, back
    andswaru ― answer, reply
  3. facing, toward
    andweard ― present time
  4. completely, fully
    andlang ― entire, continuous
    andweorc ― substance, matter, cause
    andleofen ― nourishment, sustenance
  5. without

Usage notes

This prefix was usually stressed; when unstressed, it weakened to an-, on-, or sometimes a-.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Old English terms prefixed with and-

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *anda-, *andi-. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“face, forehead, front”).

Prefix

and-

  1. denotes whatever is opposite, against, towards
    ‎and- + ‎vitni (“testimony”) → ‎andvitni (“contradictory testimony”)
  2. (by extension) hostile, adverse

Usage notes

The spellings an- or ann- are often used in compounds.

Derived terms

Old Norse terms prefixed with and-

Descendants

  • Icelandic: and-
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: and-
  • Norwegian Bokmål: and-

References

  • and- in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *anda-.

Pronunciation

Prefix

and-

  1. against, opposing; opposition
    andsako (“enemy, adversary”)
  2. in return, back
    andswor "answer"
  3. facing, toward; completely, fully
    andward "present time"
  4. without
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