druid

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See also: Druid

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

Borrowed from French druide, from Old French, via Latin Druidae, from Gaulish *druwits, from Proto-Celtic *druwits (literally either “oak-knower” or “firm knower, great sage”), from either Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”) or *drew- (“solid, firm, hard”) and *weyd- (“to see, to have knowledge”).

The earliest record of the term in Latin is by Julius Caesar in the first century B.C. in his De Bello Gallico. The native Celtic word for "druid" is first attested in Latin texts as druides (plural) and other texts also employ the form druidae (akin to the Greek form). Cognate with the later insular Celtic words, Old Irish druí (“druid, sorcerer”) and early Welsh dryw (“seer”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdɹuː.ɪd/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -uːɪd

Noun

druid (plural druids)

  1. One of an order of priests among certain groups of Celts before the adoption of Abrahamic religions.

Usage notes

  • Often capitalized: Druid.

Derived terms

Translations

Irish

FWOTD – 24 July 2019

Etymology 1

From Old Irish truit f (“starling”), from Proto-Celtic *trozdis, from Proto-Indo-European *trosdos (“thrush”); compare Latin turdus, German Drossel, and English thrush.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d̪ˠɾˠɪdʲ/
  • (Aran) IPA(key): /d̪ˠɾˠɛdʲ/ (as if spelled droid)

Noun

druid f (genitive singular druide, nominative plural druideanna or druideacha)

  1. starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
Declension
Declension of druid

Second declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative druid druideanna
Vocative a dhruid a dhruideanna
Genitive druide druideanna
Dative druid druideanna

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an druid na druideanna
Genitive na druide na ndruideanna
Dative leis an druid

don druid

leis na druideanna
Alternative forms

Further reading

Etymology 2

From Old Irish druitid (“shuts, closes; moves close (to), presses (against); approaches; moves away from, abandons”), possibly related to Welsh drws (“door”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d̪ˠɾˠɪdʲ/
  • (Aran) IPA(key): /ˈd̪ˠɞɾˠədʲ/ (as if spelled doraid)

Verb

druid (present analytic druideann, future analytic druidfidh, verbal noun druidim, past participle druidte) (transitive, intransitive)

  1. (Ulster) close, shut
    Synonym: dún
  2. move relative to something , ,
Conjugation
conjugation of druid (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present druidim druideann tú;
druidir† 		druideann sé, sí druidimid druideann sibh druideann siad;
druidid† 		a dhruideann; a dhruideas /
a ndruideann*; a ndruideas* 		druidtear
past dhruid mé; dhruideas dhruid tú; dhruidis dhruid sé, sí dhruideamar; dhruid muid dhruid sibh; dhruideabhair dhruid siad; dhruideadar a dhruid /
ar dhruid* 		druideadh
past habitual dhruidinn / ndruidinn‡‡ dhruidteá / ndruidteᇇ dhruideadh sé, sí / ndruideadh sé, s퇇 dhruidimis; dhruideadh muid / ndruidimis‡‡; ndruideadh muid‡‡ dhruideadh sibh / ndruideadh sibh‡‡ dhruididís; dhruideadh siad / ndruididís‡‡; ndruideadh siad‡‡ a dhruideadh /
a ndruideadh* 		dhruidtí / ndruidt퇇
future druidfidh mé;
druidfead 		druidfidh tú;
druidfir† 		druidfidh sé, sí druidfimid;
druidfidh muid 		druidfidh sibh druidfidh siad;
druidfid† 		a dhruidfidh; a dhruidfeas /
a ndruidfidh*; a ndruidfeas* 		druidfear
conditional dhruidfinn / ndruidfinn‡‡ dhruidfeá / ndruidfeᇇ dhruidfeadh sé, sí / ndruidfeadh sé, s퇇 dhruidfimis; dhruidfeadh muid / ndruidfimis‡‡; ndruidfeadh muid‡‡ dhruidfeadh sibh / ndruidfeadh sibh‡‡ dhruidfidís; dhruidfeadh siad / ndruidfidís‡‡; ndruidfeadh siad‡‡ a dhruidfeadh /
a ndruidfeadh* 		dhruidfí / ndruidf퇇
subjunctive present go ndruide mé;
go ndruidead† 		go ndruide tú;
go ndruidir† 		go ndruide sé, sí go ndruidimid;
go ndruide muid 		go ndruide sibh go ndruide siad;
go ndruidid† 		— go ndruidtear
past dá ndruidinn dá ndruidteá dá ndruideadh sé, sí dá ndruidimis;
dá ndruideadh muid 		dá ndruideadh sibh dá ndruididís;
dá ndruideadh siad 		— dá ndruidtí
imperative druidim druid druideadh sé, sí druidimis druidigí;
druididh† 		druididís — druidtear
verbal noun druidim
past participle druidte

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Alternative forms

Further reading

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

Noun

druid m

  1. genitive singular of drud

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
druid dhruid ndruid
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 70

Old Irish

Pronunciation

Noun

druïd

  1. inflection of druí:
    1. accusative/dative singular
    2. nominative/vocative/accusative dual
    3. nominative plural

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
druïd druïd
pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ 		ndruïd
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

From Gaulish *druwits, from Proto-Celtic *druwits (literally “oak-knower”), from Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”) and *weyd- (“to see”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdru.it/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -uit
  • Syllabification: dru‧id

Noun

druid m pers (female equivalent druidka)

  1. druid

Declension

Declension of druid
singular plural
nominative druid druidzi/druidy (deprecative)
genitive druida druidów
dative druidowi druidom
accusative druida druidów
instrumental druidem druidami
locative druidzie druidach
vocative druidzie druidzi

Further reading

  • druid in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • druid in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French druide, from Latin Druidae.

Noun

druid m (plural druizi)

  1. druid

Declension

Declension of druid
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) druid druidul (niște) druizi druizii
genitive/dative (unui) druid druidului (unor) druizi druizilor
vocative druidule druizilor

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology 1

From Old Irish truit f (“starling”), from Proto-Celtic *trozdis, from Proto-Indo-European *trozdos (“thrush”).

Noun

druid f (genitive singular druide, plural druidean)

  1. starling

Etymology 2

From Old Irish druitid (“shuts, closes; moves close (to), presses (against); approaches; moves away from, abandons”), possibly related to Welsh drws (“door”).

Verb

druid (past dhruid, future druididh, verbal noun druideadh, past participle druidte)

  1. shut closely
  2. cover
  3. enclose, surround
  4. advance, come up
  5. join
  6. hasten
  7. step toward
  8. approach, draw near
Alternative forms

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
druid dhruid
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Swedish

Noun

druid c

  1. a druid

Declension

Declension of druid 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative druid druiden druider druiderna
Genitive druids druidens druiders druidernas

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia