familia

Translingual

Etymology

From Latin familia.

Noun

familia

1. (biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below ordo and above genus.
2. (taxonomy) A taxon at this rank.

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin familia (“family”). Doublet of family.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fəˈmɪlɪə/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• Homophone: familiar (some non-rhotic accents)

Noun

familia (plural familiae)

1. (historical) A household or religious community under one head, regarded as a unit.
   • 2007, Ada I. Engebrigtsen, Exploring Gypsiness, page 117:

     Joska's elder brother Phuro was, however, seen as the leader of his familia. As one of the oldest males in the hamlet, with a familia that consisted of sons, bora and sons-in-law, Phuro's position as head of his familia was given by his age and by his authority as father.

2. (Roman law) The paterfamilias, his legitimate descendants and their wives, all persons adopted into his family and their wives, and all slaves belonging to the household.

Aragonese

Aragonese Wikipedia has an article on:

familia

Wikipedia ^an

Etymology

From Latin familia.

Noun

familia f

1. family

Asturian

Asturian Wikipedia has an article on:

familia

Wikipedia ^ast

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin familia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /faˈmilja/,
• Rhymes: -ilja
• Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧lia

Noun

familia f (plural families)

1. family

Basque

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish familia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /familia/
• Rhymes: -ia
• Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧li‧a

Noun

familia anim

1. family, lineage

   Synonym: sendi

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• "familia" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia , euskaltzaindia.eus
• “familia” in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia , euskaltzaindia.eus

Chamorro

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish familia

Noun

familia

1. family

Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl

Etymology

From Spanish familia.

Noun

familia

1. family

Esperanto

Etymology

From familio (“family”) +‎ -a (suffix indicating an adjective).

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

• IPA^(key):
• Rhymes: -ia
• Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧li‧a

Adjective

familia (accusative singular familian, plural familiaj, accusative plural familiajn)

1. familial; family (attributively)

Galician

Etymology

From Latin familia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

familia f (plural familias)

1. family

Further reading

• “familia” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

Indonesian

Noun

familia (first-person possessive familiaku, second-person possessive familiamu, third-person possessive familianya)

1. family

Ingrian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian фамилия (familija).

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈfɑmiliɑ/,
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈfɑmilʲiɑ/,
• Rhymes: -iɑ
• Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧li‧a

Noun

familia

1. Synonym of sukunimi

Declension

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 38

Interlingua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /faˈmi.lja/

Noun

familia (plural familias)

1. family

Ladin

Noun

familia f (plural families)

1. family

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *fameljā (“of the house → household”), from earlier *θameljā.

In view of the semantic shift illustrated in the cognates, famulus (“servant, slave”) (with Oscan 𐌚𐌀𐌌𐌄𐌋 (famel, “servile”)) is probably a backformation from it and not the other way around. From Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁-m-eló-m (“fundament”), from *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”). Cognate with Sanskrit धामन् (dhāman, “order; dwelling-place, temple; family”), Ancient Greek θεμέλιος (themélios, “of the foundation”), θέμις (thémis, “justice, law”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /faˈmi.li.a/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /faˈmi.li.a/,

Noun

familia f (genitive familiae); first declension

1. a household (all persons subject to the control of one man (whether relations, freedmen or slaves))
2. the slaves of a household, servants
3. a group of slaves stationed in one place; a brigade, gang (used for some purpose)
   1. one's personal retinue
4. a family, kin (a group of people closely related to one another)

   Synonym: domus

   • Vulgate, Genesis 10.32:

     Hae familiae Nōē iū̆xtā populōs et nātiōnēs suās. Ab hīs dīvīsae sunt gentēs in Terrā post dīluvium.

     These are the families of Noah, according to their peoples and tribes. From them split the nations on Earth after the deluge.

5. an intellectual school (e.g., of philosophy)

   Synonym: domus

6. (law) an estate (sometimes distinct from pecūnia and possibly restricted to rēs mancipī)

Usage notes

According to Richard Saller, “amilia was never used to mean ‘father, mother and children’ in our sense of ‘family’ today. It did have a technical, legal usage akin to ‘family’, but in common parlance most often meant ‘slave staff’, exclusive of the master's family.... The usual word for ‘family’ in the classical period was domus, which carried the general sense of ‘household’ including domestic slaves.”

Declension

First-declension noun.

The older genitive singular familiās is frequent in the expression pater familiās and the similar expressions with fīlius, māter, and fīlia as the first element.

Holonyms

• gēns

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Borrowings

References

• “familia” on page 740 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “famulus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 200

Further reading

• “familia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “familia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• familia in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• familia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a sect, school of thought: schola, disciplina, familia; secta
    
  • a theatrical company: familia, grex, caterva histrionum
    
  • a band, troupe of gladiators under the management of a lanista: familia gladiatoria (Sest. 64. 134)
    
• “familia”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “familia”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Leonese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

familia f (plural familias)

1. family

References

• AEDLL

Mòcheno

Etymology

From Italian famiglia, from Latin familia (“family; household”).

Noun

familia f

1. family

References

• “familia” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

familia

Wikipedia ^pl

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin familia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /faˈmi.lja/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ilja
• Syllabification: fa‧mi‧lia

Noun

familia f (diminutive familijka, related adjective familijny)

1. (dated) family

   Synonym: rodzina

Declension

Related terms

Further reading

• familia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• familia in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Noun

familia f (plural familias)

1. Obsolete spelling of família

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

familia f

1. definite singular nominative/accusative of familie

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin familia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /faˈmilja/

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ilja
• Syllabification: fa‧mi‧lia

Noun

familia f (plural familias)

1. family (a nuclear family)
2. family (a grouping of things possessing common characteristics)

Hyponyms

• familia política

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

• → Cebuano: pamilya
• → Chamorro: familia
• → Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: familia
• → Ilocano: pamilia
• → Tagalog: pamilya
• → Waray-Waray: pamilya

Further reading

• “familia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Swahili

Swahili Wikipedia has an article on:

familia

Wikipedia ^sw

Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese família, ultimately from Latin familia.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya)

  (file)

Noun

familia (n class, plural familia)

1. family

   Synonym: ayali

2. (taxonomy) family

References