indurer

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French

Etymology

From in- +‎ dur +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/
  • Audio (Lyon):(file)

Verb

indurer

  1. (transitive) to harden (a body tissue)

Conjugation

Conjugation of indurer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple indurer
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple indurant
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle induré
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present indure
/ɛ̃.dyʁ/ 		indures
/ɛ̃.dyʁ/ 		indure
/ɛ̃.dyʁ/ 		indurons
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁɔ̃/ 		indurez
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/ 		indurent
/ɛ̃.dyʁ/
imperfect indurais
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛ/ 		indurais
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛ/ 		indurait
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛ/ 		indurions
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁjɔ̃/ 		induriez
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁje/ 		induraient
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛ/
past historic2 indurai
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/ 		induras
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁa/ 		indura
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁa/ 		indurâmes
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁam/ 		indurâtes
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁat/ 		indurèrent
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁɛʁ/
future indurerai
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁe/ 		indureras
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁa/ 		indurera
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁa/ 		indurerons
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ 		indurerez
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁe/ 		indureront
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/
conditional indurerais
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/ 		indurerais
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/ 		indurerait
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/ 		indurerions
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		indureriez
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁje/ 		indureraient
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present indure
/ɛ̃.dyʁ/ 		indures
/ɛ̃.dyʁ/ 		indure
/ɛ̃.dyʁ/ 		indurions
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁjɔ̃/ 		induriez
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁje/ 		indurent
/ɛ̃.dyʁ/
imperfect2 indurasse
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁas/ 		indurasses
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁas/ 		indurât
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁa/ 		indurassions
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁa.sjɔ̃/ 		indurassiez
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁa.sje/ 		indurassent
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — indure
/ɛ̃.dyʁ/ 		— indurons
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁɔ̃/ 		indurez
/ɛ̃.dy.ʁe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Further reading

Latin

Verb

indūrer

  1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of indūrō
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