άγιος
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Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek ἅγιος (hágios).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈa.ʝi.os/ (formal, more often for the noun)
(trisyllabic)Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: ά‧γι‧ος
- IPA(key): /ˈa.ʝos/ (familiar)
(bisyllabic, with synizesis)Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: ά‧γιος
Adjective
άγιος • (ágios) m (feminine αγία or άγια, neuter άγιο)
- holy, saintly
- Saint
- used in the names of churches and places → Άγιος (Ágios)
- address for priests
- (figuratively) a pious person
Declension
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | άγιος (ágios) | άγια (ágia) αγία (agía) |
άγιο (ágio) | άγιοι (ágioi) | άγιες (ágies) | άγια (ágia) | |
| genitive | άγιου (ágiou) αγίου (agíou) |
άγιας (ágias) αγίας (agías) |
άγιου (ágiou) αγίου (agíou) |
άγιων (ágion) αγίων (agíon) |
άγιων (ágion) αγίων (agíon) |
άγιων (ágion) αγίων (agíon) | |
| accusative | άγιο (ágio) | άγια (ágia) αγία (agía) |
άγιο (ágio) | άγιους (ágious) αγίους (agíous) |
άγιες (ágies) | άγια (ágia) | |
| vocative | άγιε (ágie) | άγια (ágia) αγία (agía) |
άγιο (ágio) | άγιοι (ágioi) | άγιες (ágies) | άγια (ágia) | |
Notes: The feminine plural αγίες is a frequently used form, since the 17th century, probably under the influence of the ancient accusative plural τὰς ἁγίας.
Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο άγιος, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο άγιος, etc.)
Derivations: relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο αγιότερος", etc)
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Synonyms
Derived terms
- αϊ- m (aï-, “Saint”) (of male Saints)
- Αϊ- m (Aï-, “Saint”) (of churches and placenames)
- αγια- f (agia-, “Saint”) (of female Saints)
- Αγια- f (Agia-, “Saint”) (of churches and placenames)
- αγιο- (agio-, “holy”, prefix)
- also see at Noun
Expressions for άγιος (Saint)
- γιορτάζει ο άγιος, η αγία (giortázei o ágios, i agía)
- γιορτή αγίου, αγίας (giortí agíou, agías)
- εορτάζει ο άγιος, η αγία (eortázei o ágios, i agía)
- θαυματουργός άγιος (thavmatourgós ágios)
- πολιούχος άγιος, αγία (polioúchos ágios, agía)
- προστάτης άγιος (prostátis ágios)
- στρατιωτικός άγιος (stratiotikós ágios)
Expressions (religion) with trisyllabic pronunciation:
- Αγία Γραφή f (Agía Grafí, “Holy Scripture”)
- Άγια Δώρα n (Ágia Dóra)
- Αγία Έδρα f (Agía Édra)
- Αγία Ζώνη f (Agía Zóni)
- αγία μετάληψη f (agía metálipsi)
- Αγία Οικογένεια f (Agía Oikogéneia, “holy family”)
- αγία ράβδος f (agía rávdos)
- Αγία Σοφία f (Agía Sofía, “Hagia Sophia -church-”)
- αγία του Θεού Σοφία f (agía tou Theoú Sofía, “holy Wisdom of God”)
- Αγία Τράπεζα f (Agía Trápeza)
- Αγία Τριάδα f (Agía Triáda, “Holy Trinity”)
- Άγιο Πνεύμα n (Ágio Pnévma, “Holy Spirit”)
- άγιο φως n (ágio fos)
- Άγιοι Τόποι m pl (Ágioi Tópoi, “Holy Lands”)
- άγιος άρτος n (ágios ártos)
- Άγιος Τάφος m (Ágios Táfos, “Holy Sepulchre”)
- του αγίου Ποτέ (tou agíou Poté, “on St Nobody's day -i.e. never-”)
Expressions with bisyllabic pronunciation only:
- αγια- f (agia-, “Saint”), Αγια- f (Agia-, “Saint -of church-”)
- Αγια-Σοφιά f (Agia-Sofiá, “Hagia-Sophia”)
Expressions with both pronunciations:
- δουλειά κι άγιος ο Θεός (douleiá ki ágios o Theós)
- καλά και άγια (kalá kai ágia)
- καλός και άγιος (kalós kai ágios)
- κι άγιος ο Θεός (ki ágios o Theós)
Related terms
- άγια (ágia, “well”, adverb)
- αγία f (agía, “saint”)
- αγιάζω (agiázo, “to bless”)
- αγίασμα n (agíasma, “holy water”)
- άγιασμα n (ágiasma, “sanctification”)
- αγιασματάρι n (agiasmatári, “holy water stoup”)
- αγιασμός m (agiasmós, “blessing, holy water”)
- αγιαστούρα f (agiastoúra, “holy water sprinkler”)
- αγιογδύτης m (agiogdýtis, “church thief”)
- αγιογδύτισσα f (agiogdýtissa, “church thief”)
- αγιογράφηση f (agiográfisi, “church decoration”)
- αγιογραφία f (agiografía, “icon”)
- αγιογραφώ (agiografó, “to paint icons”)
- αγιόκλημα n (agióklima, “honeysuckle”)
- αγιοποιημένος (agiopoiiménos, “canonised”)
- αγιοσύνη f (agiosýni, “holiness”)
- αγιότητα f (agiótita, “holiness”)
- καθαγιάζω (kathagiázo)
- καθαγίαση f (kathagíasi)
- καθαγιασμός m (kathagiasmós)
- Παναγία f (Panagía), Παναγιά
- πανάγιος (panágios)
- Παναγιότατος (Panagiótatos)
- προηγιασμένος (proïgiasménos)
- τρισάγιος (triságios)
- χριστοπαναγία f (christopanagía)
Descendants
- → Gagauz: ayoz
Noun
άγιος • (ágios) m (plural άγιοι, feminine αγία) (neuter: άγιο)
- saint
- Η γιαγιά μου διάβαζε βίους αγίων.
- I giagiá mou diávaze víous agíon.
- My grandmother used to read Lives of Saints.
- for names of Saints see → Άγιος (Ágios)
- (figuratively) person with a saint's characteristics (patience, love, piousness)
- Ο δάσκαλός μου είναι ένας άγιος. Πώς με αντέχει; Κάνω συνεχώς λάθη.
- O dáskalós mou eínai énas ágios. Pós me antéchei? Káno synechós láthi.
- My teacher is a saint. How does he put up with me? I keep making mistakes.
Declension
Pronunciation trisyllabic. Compare to the adjective's declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | άγιος (ágios) | άγιοι (ágioi) |
| genitive | αγίου (agíou) | αγίων (agíon) |
| accusative | άγιο (ágio) | αγίους (agíous) |
| vocative | άγιε (ágie) | άγιοι (ágioi) |
Derived terms
- also see at Adjective
With both pronunciations:
Expressions:
- είχα άγιο (eícha ágio)
- κολάζω και άγιο (kolázo kai ágio)
- μα τον άγιο (ma ton ágio)
- τα άγια των αγίων (ta ágia ton agíon)
- τον έκανα άγιο (ton ékana ágio)
Proverbs:
- και ο άγιος φοβέρα θέλει (kai o ágios fovéra thélei)
- μην τάξεις τ' άγιου κερί (min táxeis t' ágiou kerí)
Only with trisyllabic pronunciation:
- δεν δίνω του αγίου μου νερό (den díno tou agíou mou neró)
- τα άγια τοις κυσί (ta ágia tois kysí) (archaic)
Related terms
- see at Adjective
See also
- αδελφόθεος m (adelfótheos) (religion)
- μάρτυρας m (mártyras) (religious sense)
- ιεράρχης m (ierárchis) (religion)
- ισαπόστολος m (isapóstolos) (religion)
- ομολογητής m (omologitís) (religion)
- όσιος m (ósios) (religion)
References
- άγιος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής , Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
- Dimitrakos, Dimitrios B. (21964) Μέγα λεξικόν ὅλης τῆς Ἑλληνικῆς γλώσσης [Great Dictionary of the entire Greek Language] (in Greek), Athens: Hellenic Paideia 2nd edition in 15 vols. (abbreviations - of authors)
- άγιος - Babiniotis, Georgios (2002) Λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας: [Dictionary of Modern Greek (language)] (in Greek), 2nd edition, Athens: Kentro Lexikologias , 1st edition 1998, →ISBN.
Further reading
άγιος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia el
