душман

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Bulgarian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دشمان (düşman).

Pronunciation

Noun

душма́н (dušmánm (relational adjective душма́нски)

  1. (obsolete or colloquial) Alternative form of душма́нин (dušmánin).

Declension

References

  • душман”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • душман”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Karaim

Etymology

From Persian دشمن (došman).

Noun

душман (duşman)

  1. enemy, foe.

References

  • N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “душман”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Kumyk

Etymology

From Persian دشمن (došman).

Noun

душман (duşman)

  1. enemy, foe

Declension

Further reading

  • Бамматов Б.Г., editor (2013), “душман”, in Кумыкско-русский словарь [Kumyk–Russian dictionary], Makhachkala: ИЯЛИ ДНЦ РАН

Macedonian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دشمان (düşman), from Persian دشمن (došman).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

душман (dušmanm (plural душмани, feminine душманка, relational adjective душмански)

  1. enemy, fiend (an aggressive one)

Declension

Russian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دشمان (düşman), from Persian دشمن (došman).

Pronunciation

Noun

душма́н (dušmánm anim (genitive душма́на, nominative plural душма́ны, genitive plural душма́нов)

  1. (Turkmenistan, Afghanistan) mujahid, enemy

Declension

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دشمان (düşman), from Persian دشمن (došman). Akin to душма̀нлук and ди̑н-ду̏шман.

Pronunciation

  • (dùšmān): IPA(key): /dûʃman/
  • (dùšmān): IPA(key): /dǔʃmaːn/
  • Hyphenation: душ‧ман

Noun

ду̏шман m (Latin spelling dȕšman) or ду̀шма̄н m (Latin spelling dùšmān)

  1. (expressively) enemy
    Synonym: nèprijatelj

Declension

References

  • душман” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  • Škaljić, Abdulah (1966) Turcizmi u srpskohrvatskom jeziku, Sarajevo: Svjetlost, page 229

Tajik

Etymology

Inherited from Classical Persian دُشْمَن (dušman).

Pronunciation

Noun

Dari دشمن
Iranian Persian
Tajik душман

душман (dušman)

  1. enemy
    Баъд аз 3 соли ҷанг бо душманони дохиливу хориҷӣ болшевикон тавонистанд ҳакимятро дар собиқ Империяи Русия ба даст оранд.Baʾd az 3 soli jang bo dušmanoni doxilivu xorijī bolševikon tavonistand hakimyatro dar sobiq Imperiyayi Rusiya ba dast orand.(please add an English translation of this usage example)

Inflection

Urum

Etymology

From Persian دشمن (došman).

Noun

душман (duşman)

  1. enemy, foe.

References

  • Oleksandr Harkavecʹ (2000) Urumsʹkyj Slovnyk [Urum-Ukrainian Dictionary], Almaty: Ynstytut Sxodoznavstva Myžnarodnyx Vydnosyn Xarkyvsʹkyj Kolehyum, →ISBN