ош
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Хельсинки ош. 
Ош. 
Ош.
Ошъёс.
See also: Appendix:Variations of "os"
Eastern Mari
Etymology
From Proto-Mari , possibly from Proto-Uralic *ačka. Cognate with Western Mari oшы (ošy).
Pronunciation
Adjective
References
- J. Bradley et al. (2023) “ош”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna
Erzya
Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *oš, from Proto-Uralic *woča (“fence; fishweir”). Cognate with Finnish otava, Northern Sami oahci, Lule Sami oahtse, among others.
Pronunciation
Noun
ош • (oš)
- town
- 1865, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, Das Evangelium des Matthäus ersamordwinisch, page 9:
- Seste sajize sońze šaitan sv’ätoi ošs i sťavtyze tserkvań veľťamo langso.
- Then the devil took him to the holy city and had him stand on the highest point of the temple.
Declension
Indefinite declension of ош (hard consonant stem (сан) type)
Derived terms
References
- ош (oš) in Álgu-tietokanta, Kotimaisten kielten keskus
- Entry #1155 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Komi-Yazva
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Etymology
From Proto-Permic *ɔš. Cognates include Komi-Zyrian ош (oš) and Komi-Permyak ош (oš).
Pronunciation
Noun
ош (oš)
Derived terms
adjectives
- ошөвөй (ošåvåj)
nouns
References
- A. S. Lobanova, K. S. Kichigina (2012) Русско-Коми-язьвинский словарь [Russian-Komi-Yazva dictionary] (overall work in Russian), Perm: ПГГПУ, →ISBN, page 143
- V. I. Lytkin (1961) Коми-язьвинский диалект [The Komi-Yazva dialect] (overall work in Russian), Moscow: Издательство Академии наук СССР, page 157
Komi-Zyrian
Etymology
From Proto-Permic *ɔš. Cognates include Komi-Permyak ош (oš) and Komi-Yazva ош (oš).
Pronunciation
Noun
ош • (oš)
Declension
| Declension of ош (stem: ошк-) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | ош (oš) | ошъяс (ošjas) | |
| accusative | I* | ош (oš) | ошъяс (ošjas) |
| II* | ошкӧс (oškös) | ошъясӧс (ošjasös) | |
| instrumental | ошкӧн (oškön) | ошъясӧн (ošjasön) | |
| comitative | ошкӧд (ošköd) | ошъяскӧд (ošjasköd) | |
| caritive | оштӧг (oštög) | ошъястӧг (ošjastög) | |
| consecutive | ошла (ošla) | ошъясла (ošjasla) | |
| genitive | ошлӧн (ošlön) | ошъяслӧн (ošjaslön) | |
| ablative | ошлысь (ošlyś) | ошъяслысь (ošjaslyś) | |
| dative | ошлы (ošly) | ошъяслы (ošjasly) | |
| inessive | ошкын (oškyn) | ошъясын (ošjasyn) | |
| elative | ошкысь (oškyś) | ошъясысь (ošjasyś) | |
| illative | ошкӧ (oškö) | ошъясӧ (ošjasö) | |
| egressive | ошсянь (ošśań) | ошъяссянь (ošjasśań) | |
| approximative | ошлань (ošlań) | ошъяслань (ošjaslań) | |
| terminative | ошкӧдз (ošködź) | ошъясӧдз (ošjasödź) | |
| prolative | I | ошкӧд (ošköd) | ошъясӧд (ošjasöd) |
| II | ошті (ošti) | ошъясті (ošjasti) | |
| *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I. | |||
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Derived terms
References
- Bubrikh, Dmitry V. (1949) Грамматика литературного коми языка [Grammar of the literary Komi language] (in Russian), Leningrad: Zhdanov Leningrad State University, page 32
- Anu-Reet Hauzenberg (1972) Названия животных в коми языке [Names of animals in the Komi language], Tallinn: Estonian Academy of Sciences, page 24
- L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 458
Moksha
Etymology
From Proto-Uralic *woča. Cognate with Erzya ош (oš).
Pronunciation
Noun
ош • (oš)
- city, town
- Oahpa, University of Tromsø
- ошста ошс ― ošsta ošs ― from city to city
- ошса ― ošsa ― in city
- ошень ― ošeń ― of city; such that is characteristic of city
- Oahpa, University of Tromsø
Usage notes
Cygankin gives the prolative form ошка (oška) but Golenkov — ошева (oševa).
Declension
Indefinite declension of ош
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ош (oš) | ошт (ošt) |
| genitive | ошень (ošeń) | — |
| dative | ошенди (ošeńďi) | — |
| ablative | ошта (ošta) | — |
| inessive | ошса (ošsa) | — |
| elative | ошста (ošsta) | — |
| illative | ошс (ošs) | — |
| prolative | ошева (oševa) | — |
| comparative | ошшка (ošška) | — |
| translative | ошекс (ošeks) | — |
| abessive | ошфтома (ošftoma) | — |
| causative | ошенкса (ošenksa) | — |
Definite declension of ош
Possessive declension of ош
| first person singular (монь (moń)) | ||
|---|---|---|
| one possession | multiple possessions | |
| nominative | ошезе (ošeźe) | ошне (ošńe) |
| genitive | ошезень (ošeźeń) | ошнень (ošńeń) |
| dative | ошезти (ošeźťi) | ошненди (ošńeńďi) |
| ablative | оштон (ošton) | |
| inessive | ошсон (ošson) | |
| elative | ошстон (ošston) | |
| illative | ошезон (ošezon) | |
| prolative | ошеван (oševan) | |
| comparative | ошшкан (ošškan) | |
| abessive | ошфтомон (ošftomon) | |
| second person singular (тонь (toń)) | ||
| one possession | multiple possessions | |
| nominative | ошце (ošće) | ошне (ošńe) |
| genitive | ошцень (ošćeń) | ошнень (ošńeń) |
| dative | ошценди (ošćeńďi) | ошненди (ošńeńďi) |
| ablative | оштот (oštot) | |
| inessive | ошсот (ošsot) | |
| elative | ошстот (ošstot) | |
| illative | ошезт (ošezt) | |
| prolative | ошеват (oševat) | |
| comparative | ошшкат (ošškat) | |
| abessive | ошфтомот (ošftomot) | |
| third person singular (сонь (soń)) | ||
| one possession | multiple possessions | |
| nominative | ошец (ošec) | ошенза (ošenza) |
| genitive | ошенц (ošenc) | ошензон (ošenzon) |
| dative | ошенцты (ošencti) | ошензонды (ošenzondi) |
| ablative | оштонза (oštonza) | |
| inessive | ошсонза (ošsonza) | |
| elative | ошстонза (ošstonza) | |
| illative | ошезонза (ošezonza) | |
| prolative | ошеванза (oševanza) | |
| comparative | ошшканза (ošškanza) | |
| abessive | ошфтомонза (ošftomonza) | |
| first person plural (минь (miń)) | ||
| one or multiple possessions | ||
| nominative | ошеньке (ošeńke) | |
| genitive | ошеньконь (ošeńkoń) | |
| dative | ошеньконди (ošeńkońďi) | |
| ablative | оштонк (oštonk) | |
| inessive | ошсонк (ošsonk) | |
| elative | ошстонк (ošstonk) | |
| illative | ошезонк (ošezonk) | |
| prolative | ошеванк (oševank) | |
| comparative | ошшканк (ošškank) | |
| abessive | ошфтомонк (ošftomonk) | |
| second person plural (тинь (ťiń)) | ||
| one or multiple possessions | ||
| nominative | ошенте (ošeńťe) | |
| genitive | ошентень (ošeńťeń) | |
| dative | ошентенди (ošeńťeńďi) | |
| ablative | оштонт (oštont) | |
| inessive | ошсонт (ošsont) | |
| elative | ошстонт (ošstont) | |
| illative | ошезонт (ošezont) | |
| prolative | ошевант (oševant) | |
| comparative | ошшкант (ošškant) | |
| abessive | ошфтомонт (ošftomont) | |
| third person plural (синь (śiń)) | ||
| one or multiple possessions | ||
| nominative | ошсна (ošsna) | |
| genitive | ошснон (ošsnon) | |
| dative | ошснонды (ošsnondi) | |
| ablative | оштост (oštost) | |
| inessive | ошсост (ošsost) | |
| elative | ошстост (ošstost) | |
| illative | ошезост (ošezost) | |
| prolative | ошеваст (oševast) | |
| comparative | ошшкаст (ošškast) | |
| abessive | ошфтомост (ošftomost) | |
References
- Indefinite paradigm in Cygankin, D. V. (1980) Grammatika mordovskix jazykov. Fonetika, grafika, orfografija, morfologija [Mordvinic grammar] (in Russian), Saransk, page 153
- Indefinite and definite paradigms in Nikolaj Golenkov (2009) Govorim po-mokšanski — Korxtatama mokšeks: razgovornik , Saransk: Izdatelʹskij dom «Kniga», →ISBN, page 70
Tajik
Etymology
Inherited from Classical Persian آش (āš), see there for more.
Pronunciation
Noun
ош • (oš) (Persian spelling آش)
Derived terms
- оши палов (oš-i palov)
Udmurt
Etymology
From Proto-Permic *ɔ̇š, from Proto-Uralic *uškɜ, borrowed from an Indo-European language, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *uksḗn (compare Sanskrit उक्षन् (ukṣan) and English ox). Cognates include Eastern Mari ӱшкыж (üškyž).
Permic cognates include Komi-Zyrian ӧш (öš) and Komi-Permyak ӧшка (öška).
Pronunciation
Noun
ош • (oš)
Declension
Declension of ош (soft declension)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ош oš |
ошъёс ošjos |
| accusative | ошез ošez |
ошъёсыз ošjosyz |
| genitive | ошлэн ošlen |
ошъёслэн ošjoslen |
| dative | ошлы ošly |
ошъёслы ošjosly |
| ablative | ошлэсь ošleś |
ошъёслэсь ošjosleś |
| instrumental | ошен ošen |
ошъёсын ošjosyn |
| abessive | оштэк oštek |
ошъёстэк ošjostek |
| adverbial | ошъя ošja |
ошъёсъя ošjosja |
| inessive | ошын ošyn |
ошъёсын ošjosyn |
| illative | оше oše |
ошъёсы ošjosy |
| elative | ошысь ošyś |
ошъёсысь ošjosyś |
| egressive | ошысьен ošyśjen |
ошъёсысьен ošjosyśjen |
| terminative | ошозь ošoź |
ошъёсозь ošjosoź |
| prolative | ошетӥ ošeti |
ошъёсытӥ ošjosyti |
| allative | ошлань ošlań |
ошъёслань ošjoslań |
Possessive forms of ош
1st singular possessive forms of ош
2nd singular possessive forms of ош
3rd singular possessive forms of ош
1st plural possessive forms of ош
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ошмы ošmy |
ошъёсмы ošjosmy |
| accusative | ошмэс ošmes |
ошъёсмес ošjosmes |
| genitive | ошмылэн ošmylen |
ошъёсмылэн ošjosmylen |
| dative | ошмылы ošmyly |
ошъёсмылы ošjosmyly |
| ablative | ошмылэсь ošmyleś |
ошъёсмылэсь ošjosmyleś |
| instrumental | ошенымы ošenymy |
ошъёсынымы ošjosynymy |
2nd plural possessive forms of ош
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ошты ošty |
ошъёсты ošjosty |
| accusative | оштэс oštes |
ошъёстэс ošjostes |
| genitive | оштылэн oštylen |
ошъёстылэн ošjostylen |
| dative | оштылы oštyly |
ошъёстылы ošjostyly |
| ablative | оштылэсь oštyleś |
ошъёстылэсь ošjostyleś |
| instrumental | ошеныды ošenydy |
ошъёсыныды ošjosynydy |
3rd plural possessive forms of ош
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ошсы ošsy |
ошъёссы ošjossy |
| accusative | ошсэс ošses |
ошъёссэс ošjosses |
| genitive | ошсылэн ošsylen |
ошъёссылэн ošjossylen |
| dative | ошсылы ošsyly |
ошъёссылы ošjossyly |
| ablative | ошсылэсь ošsyleś |
ошъёссылэсь ošjossyleś |
| instrumental | ошенызы ošenyzy |
ошъёсынызы ošjosynyzy |
Derived terms
nouns
References
- L. E. Kirillova, L. L. Karpova, editors (2008), “ош”, in Удмурт-ӟуч кыллюкам [Udmurt-Russian dictionary], Izhevsk: Удмуртский институт истории, языка и литературы УрО РАН, →ISBN, page 500
- T. V. Voronova, T. A. Poyarkova, editor (2012), Удмурт-ӟуч, ӟуч-удмурт кыллюкам [Udmurt-Russian, Russian-Udmurt dictionary] (overall work in Russian), Izhevsk: Книжное издательство «Удмуртия», →ISBN, page 55
- Yrjö Wichmann, Toivo Emil Uotila (1987) Mikko Korhonen, editor, Wotjakischer Wortschatz [Votyak Vocabulary] (Lexica Societatis Fenno-Ugricae; Volume 21) (overall work in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen Seura, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 185