שום

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Aramaic

Noun

שום • (šum)

  1. singular construct state of שְׁמָא (šəmā)

Hebrew

Etymology 1

See under שָׂם (sám).

Verb

שׂוּם • (sum) or שׂוֹם • (som)

  1. bare infinitive of שָׂם (sam)
    • Tanach, Jeremiah 42:15, with translation of the English Standard Version:
      אִם אַתֶּם שׂוֹם תְּשִׂמוּן פְּנֵיכֶם לָבֹא מִצְרַיִם
      im atém som t'simún p'nechém lavó mitsráyim
      If you set your faces to enter Egypt
    • Tanach, Haggai 2:15, with Young's Literal Translation:
      מִטֶּרֶם שׂוּם אֶבֶן אֶל אֶבֶן בְּהֵיכַל יהוה
      mitérem sum éven el éven b'hechál YHVH
      Before the laying of stone to stone in the temple of Jehovah
Further reading

Etymology 2

From Aramaic שֻׁם (šum), indefinite and construct form of שְׁמָא (š'mā, “name”). The determiner is an extension of the noun.

Determiner

שׁוּם • (shúm)

  1. Some, any; found chiefly in negative contexts, as well as questions and conditional constructs.
    שום דבר לא קרה. ― shúm davár ló kará. ― Nothing happened.
    לא […] בשום צורה שהיא ― ló b'shúm tsurá shehí ― not in any way
    אין לי שום בעיה עם זה. ― éin lí shúm b'ayá ím zé. ― I don't have any problem with that.
Derived terms

Noun

שׁוּם • (shum)

  1. Name, sake, purpose, cause; found exclusively, or nearly so, in various fixed expressions.
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Root
שׁ־ו־ם (sh-w-m)

From Proto-Semitic *ṯūm-; cognate with Akkadian 𒋧 (šūmū), Aramaic תּוּמָא (tūmā), Arabic ثُوم (ṯūm).

Noun

שׁוּם • (shum) m

  1. garlic (a plant, Allium sativum, related to the onion, having a pungent bulb much used in cooking)
  2. (uncountable) garlic (a preparation from Allium sativum used as a food ingredient or the flavor or other characteristics of such an ingredient)

References

Further reading

Anagrams

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew שׁוּם (“some, any (in negative contexts)”), from Aramaic שֻׁם.

Adverb

שום • (shum)

  1. not at all (intensifies a negative construction)
    איך האָב נישט קיין שום רויז!
    ikh hob nisht keyn shum royz!
    I don't have a single rose!
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