جد

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See also: حد, خد, and خذ

Arabic

Root
ج د د (j d d)
15 terms

Etymology 1

Cognate with Hebrew גד (gad).

Verb

جَدَّ • (jadda) I (non-past يَجِدُّ (yajiddu), verbal noun جِدَّة (jidda))

  1. to be new
Conjugation
    Conjugation of جَدَّ (I, geminate, a ~ i, no passive, verbal noun جِدَّة)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر 		جِدَّة
jidda
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل 		جَادّ
jādd
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m جَدَدْتُ
jadadtu 		جَدَدْتَ
jadadta 		جَدَّ
jadda 		جَدَدْتُمَا
jadadtumā 		جَدَّا
jaddā 		جَدَدْنَا
jadadnā 		جَدَدْتُمْ
jadadtum 		جَدُّوا
jaddū
f جَدَدْتِ
jadadti 		جَدَّتْ
jaddat 		جَدَّتَا
jaddatā 		جَدَدْتُنَّ
jadadtunna 		جَدَدْنَ
jadadna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m أَجِدُّ
ʔajiddu 		تَجِدُّ
tajiddu 		يَجِدُّ
yajiddu 		تَجِدَّانِ
tajiddāni 		يَجِدَّانِ
yajiddāni 		نَجِدُّ
najiddu 		تَجِدُّونَ
tajiddūna 		يَجِدُّونَ
yajiddūna
f تَجِدِّينَ
tajiddīna 		تَجِدُّ
tajiddu 		تَجِدَّانِ
tajiddāni 		تَجْدِدْنَ
tajdidna 		يَجْدِدْنَ
yajdidna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m أَجِدَّ
ʔajidda 		تَجِدَّ
tajidda 		يَجِدَّ
yajidda 		تَجِدَّا
tajiddā 		يَجِدَّا
yajiddā 		نَجِدَّ
najidda 		تَجِدُّوا
tajiddū 		يَجِدُّوا
yajiddū
f تَجِدِّي
tajiddī 		تَجِدَّ
tajidda 		تَجِدَّا
tajiddā 		تَجْدِدْنَ
tajdidna 		يَجْدِدْنَ
yajdidna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m أَجِدَّ, أَجِدِّ, أَجْدِدْ
ʔajidda, ʔajiddi, ʔajdid 		تَجِدَّ, تَجِدِّ, تَجْدِدْ
tajidda, tajiddi, tajdid 		يَجِدَّ, يَجِدِّ, يَجْدِدْ
yajidda, yajiddi, yajdid 		تَجِدَّا
tajiddā 		يَجِدَّا
yajiddā 		نَجِدَّ, نَجِدِّ, نَجْدِدْ
najidda, najiddi, najdid 		تَجِدُّوا
tajiddū 		يَجِدُّوا
yajiddū
f تَجِدِّي
tajiddī 		تَجِدَّ, تَجِدِّ, تَجْدِدْ
tajidda, tajiddi, tajdid 		تَجِدَّا
tajiddā 		تَجْدِدْنَ
tajdidna 		يَجْدِدْنَ
yajdidna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m جِدَّ, جِدِّ, اِجْدِدْ
jidda, jiddi, ijdid 		جِدَّا
jiddā 		جِدُّوا
jiddū
f جِدِّي
jiddī 		اِجْدِدْنَ
ijdidna

Verb

جَدَّ • (jadda) I (non-past يَجِدُّ (yajiddu), verbal noun جِدّ (jidd))

  1. to be serious
  2. to be earnest
Conjugation
    Conjugation of جَدَّ (I, geminate, a ~ i, no passive, verbal noun جِدّ)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر 		جِدّ
jidd
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل 		جَادّ
jādd
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m جَدَدْتُ
jadadtu 		جَدَدْتَ
jadadta 		جَدَّ
jadda 		جَدَدْتُمَا
jadadtumā 		جَدَّا
jaddā 		جَدَدْنَا
jadadnā 		جَدَدْتُمْ
jadadtum 		جَدُّوا
jaddū
f جَدَدْتِ
jadadti 		جَدَّتْ
jaddat 		جَدَّتَا
jaddatā 		جَدَدْتُنَّ
jadadtunna 		جَدَدْنَ
jadadna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m أَجِدُّ
ʔajiddu 		تَجِدُّ
tajiddu 		يَجِدُّ
yajiddu 		تَجِدَّانِ
tajiddāni 		يَجِدَّانِ
yajiddāni 		نَجِدُّ
najiddu 		تَجِدُّونَ
tajiddūna 		يَجِدُّونَ
yajiddūna
f تَجِدِّينَ
tajiddīna 		تَجِدُّ
tajiddu 		تَجِدَّانِ
tajiddāni 		تَجْدِدْنَ
tajdidna 		يَجْدِدْنَ
yajdidna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m أَجِدَّ
ʔajidda 		تَجِدَّ
tajidda 		يَجِدَّ
yajidda 		تَجِدَّا
tajiddā 		يَجِدَّا
yajiddā 		نَجِدَّ
najidda 		تَجِدُّوا
tajiddū 		يَجِدُّوا
yajiddū
f تَجِدِّي
tajiddī 		تَجِدَّ
tajidda 		تَجِدَّا
tajiddā 		تَجْدِدْنَ
tajdidna 		يَجْدِدْنَ
yajdidna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m أَجِدَّ, أَجِدِّ, أَجْدِدْ
ʔajidda, ʔajiddi, ʔajdid 		تَجِدَّ, تَجِدِّ, تَجْدِدْ
tajidda, tajiddi, tajdid 		يَجِدَّ, يَجِدِّ, يَجْدِدْ
yajidda, yajiddi, yajdid 		تَجِدَّا
tajiddā 		يَجِدَّا
yajiddā 		نَجِدَّ, نَجِدِّ, نَجْدِدْ
najidda, najiddi, najdid 		تَجِدُّوا
tajiddū 		يَجِدُّوا
yajiddū
f تَجِدِّي
tajiddī 		تَجِدَّ, تَجِدِّ, تَجْدِدْ
tajidda, tajiddi, tajdid 		تَجِدَّا
tajiddā 		تَجْدِدْنَ
tajdidna 		يَجْدِدْنَ
yajdidna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m جِدَّ, جِدِّ, اِجْدِدْ
jidda, jiddi, ijdid 		جِدَّا
jiddā 		جِدُّوا
jiddū
f جِدِّي
jiddī 		اِجْدِدْنَ
ijdidna

Noun

جِدّ • (jidd) m

  1. verbal noun of جَدَّ (jadda, “to be serious, to be earnest”)
  2. seriousness, earnestness
  3. diligence, assiduity, eagerness
Declension
Declension of noun جِدّ (jidd)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal جِدّ
jidd 		الْجِدّ
al-jidd 		جِدّ
jidd
Nominative جِدٌّ
jiddun 		الْجِدُّ
al-jiddu 		جِدُّ
jiddu
Accusative جِدًّا
jiddan 		الْجِدَّ
al-jidda 		جِدَّ
jidda
Genitive جِدٍّ
jiddin 		الْجِدِّ
al-jiddi 		جِدِّ
jiddi

Noun

جَدّ • (jadd) m (plural جُدُود (judūd))

  1. good luck, good fortune
Declension
Declension of noun جَدّ (jadd)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal جَدّ
jadd 		الْجَدّ
al-jadd 		جَدّ
jadd
Nominative جَدٌّ
jaddun 		الْجَدُّ
al-jaddu 		جَدُّ
jaddu
Accusative جَدًّا
jaddan 		الْجَدَّ
al-jadda 		جَدَّ
jadda
Genitive جَدٍّ
jaddin 		الْجَدِّ
al-jaddi 		جَدِّ
jaddi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal جَدَّيْن
jaddayn 		الْجَدَّيْن
al-jaddayn 		جَدَّيْ
jadday
Nominative جَدَّانِ
jaddāni 		الْجَدَّانِ
al-jaddāni 		جَدَّا
jaddā
Accusative جَدَّيْنِ
jaddayni 		الْجَدَّيْنِ
al-jaddayni 		جَدَّيْ
jadday
Genitive جَدَّيْنِ
jaddayni 		الْجَدَّيْنِ
al-jaddayni 		جَدَّيْ
jadday
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal جُدُود
judūd 		الْجُدُود
al-judūd 		جُدُود
judūd
Nominative جُدُودٌ
judūdun 		الْجُدُودُ
al-judūdu 		جُدُودُ
judūdu
Accusative جُدُودًا
judūdan 		الْجُدُودَ
al-judūda 		جُدُودَ
judūda
Genitive جُدُودٍ
judūdin 		الْجُدُودِ
al-judūdi 		جُدُودِ
judūdi

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

جَدّ • (jadd) m (plural أَجْدَاد (ʔajdād) or جُدُود (judūd) or جُدُودَة (judūda), feminine جَدَّة (jadda))

  1. grandfather
  2. ancestor
  3. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) glory
  4. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) Majesty
  5. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) grandeur
  6. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) excellence
  7. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) ancient
Declension
Declension of noun جَدّ (jadd)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal جَدّ
jadd 		الْجَدّ
al-jadd 		جَدّ
jadd
Nominative جَدٌّ
jaddun 		الْجَدُّ
al-jaddu 		جَدُّ
jaddu
Accusative جَدًّا
jaddan 		الْجَدَّ
al-jadda 		جَدَّ
jadda
Genitive جَدٍّ
jaddin 		الْجَدِّ
al-jaddi 		جَدِّ
jaddi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal جَدَّيْن
jaddayn 		الْجَدَّيْن
al-jaddayn 		جَدَّيْ
jadday
Nominative جَدَّانِ
jaddāni 		الْجَدَّانِ
al-jaddāni 		جَدَّا
jaddā
Accusative جَدَّيْنِ
jaddayni 		الْجَدَّيْنِ
al-jaddayni 		جَدَّيْ
jadday
Genitive جَدَّيْنِ
jaddayni 		الْجَدَّيْنِ
al-jaddayni 		جَدَّيْ
jadday
Plural basic broken plural triptote‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَجْدَاد‎; جُدُود‎; جُدُودَة
ʔajdād‎; judūd‎; judūda 		الْأَجْدَاد‎; الْجُدُود‎; الْجُدُودَة
al-ʔajdād‎; al-judūd‎; al-judūda 		أَجْدَاد‎; جُدُود‎; جُدُودَة
ʔajdād‎; judūd‎; judūdat
Nominative أَجْدَادٌ‎; جُدُودٌ‎; جُدُودَةٌ
ʔajdādun‎; judūdun‎; judūdatun 		الْأَجْدَادُ‎; الْجُدُودُ‎; الْجُدُودَةُ
al-ʔajdādu‎; al-judūdu‎; al-judūdatu 		أَجْدَادُ‎; جُدُودُ‎; جُدُودَةُ
ʔajdādu‎; judūdu‎; judūdatu
Accusative أَجْدَادًا‎; جُدُودًا‎; جُدُودَةً
ʔajdādan‎; judūdan‎; judūdatan 		الْأَجْدَادَ‎; الْجُدُودَ‎; الْجُدُودَةَ
al-ʔajdāda‎; al-judūda‎; al-judūdata 		أَجْدَادَ‎; جُدُودَ‎; جُدُودَةَ
ʔajdāda‎; judūda‎; judūdata
Genitive أَجْدَادٍ‎; جُدُودٍ‎; جُدُودَةٍ
ʔajdādin‎; judūdin‎; judūdatin 		الْأَجْدَادِ‎; الْجُدُودِ‎; الْجُدُودَةِ
al-ʔajdādi‎; al-judūdi‎; al-judūdati 		أَجْدَادِ‎; جُدُودِ‎; جُدُودَةِ
ʔajdādi‎; judūdi‎; judūdati
Descendants
  • Gulf Arabic: يد (yad(d))
  • Maltese: ġidd
References

Etymology 3

Verb

جِدْ • (jid) (form I) /d͡ʒid/

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of وَجَدَ (wajada)

Egyptian Arabic

Etymology 1

From Arabic جَدّ (jadd, “grandfather”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡidd/, , (before a consonant), (sentence final)

Noun

جدّ • (gidd) m (plural اجداد (agdād), feminine جدّة (gidda))

  1. grandfather
    Synonym: جدّو (giddu) (familiar)
  2. (chiefly in the plural) ancestor
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Arabic جَادّ (jādd, “serious”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡadd/, , (before a consonant), (sentence final)

Adjective

جدّ • (gadd) (singular only, masculine only)

  1. serious
    الموضوع جدّ ― il-mawḍūʕ gadd ― The situation is serious

Etymology 3

From Arabic جَدَّ (jadda, “to work diligently; to be serious”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡadd/, , (before a consonant), (sentence final)

Verb

جدّ • (gadd) (verbal noun جدّ (gidd))

  1. (uncommon, somewhat formal) to work hard, to work diligently
    Synonym: اجتهد (igtahad)
Usage notes

Usually only used with اجتهد (igtahad).

جدّ واجتهد ― gidd w-igtihid ― Work hard (imperative)
Conjugation
Conjugation of جد
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m جديت (gaddēt) جديت (gaddēt) جد (gadd) جدينا (gaddēna) جديتوا (gaddētu) جدوا (gaddu)
f جديتي (gaddēti) جدت (gaddit)
present subjunctive m اجد (agidd) تجد (tigidd) يجد (yigidd) نجد (nigidd) تجدوا (tigiddu) يجدوا (yigiddu)
f تجدي (tigiddi) تجد (tígidd)
present indicative m بجد (bagidd) بتجد (bitgidd) بيجد (biygidd) بنجد (bingidd) بتجدوا (bitgiddu) بيجدوا (biygiddu)
f بتجدي (bitgiddi) بتجد (bitgidd)
future m حجد (ḥagidd) حتجد (ḥatgidd) حيجد (ḥaygidd) حنجد (ḥangidd) حتجدوا (ḥatgiddu) حيجدوا (ḥaygiddu)
f حتجدي (ḥatgiddi) حتجد (ḥatgidd)
imperative m جد (gidd) جدوا (giddu)
f جدي (giddi)

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic جَدّ (jadd).

Pronunciation

Noun

جد • (jadd) m (plural جدود (jdūd), feminine جدة (jadda))

  1. grandfather
    جدي توفى هادي شي سبع سنين.
    jaddi twaffa hādi ši sabʕ snīn.
    My grandfather died approximately 7 years ago.
  2. ancestor
    جدودنا كانوا ناس. ― jdūdna kānu nās. ― Our ancestors were brave people.

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic جَدّ (jadd).

Noun

جد • (cedd) (plural اجداد)

  1. ancestor

Descendants

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic جَدّ (jadd).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? jaḏḏ
Dari reading? jadd
Iranian reading? jadd
Tajik reading? jadd

Noun

Dari جد
Iranian Persian
Tajik ҷад

جد • (jadd) (plural اجداد (ajdād))

  1. ancestor

References

  • Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “جد”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

South Levantine Arabic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʒadd/,
  • Audio (Ramallah):(file)

Etymology 1

From Arabic جَدّ (jadd).

Noun

جدّ • (jadd, jidd) m (plural جدود (jdūd), feminine جدّة (jadde, jidde))

  1. grandfather
    Endearing form: جدّو (jaddo, jiddo)
    Synonym: سيد (sīd)

Etymology 2

From Arabic جِدّ (jidd).

Noun

جدّ • (jadd) m

  1. seriousness, earnestness
Derived terms
  • عن جد (ʕan jadd, “seriously, really”)
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