جدا

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See also: خدا and حدا

Arabic

Etymology

Adverbial accusative of جِدّ (jidd, “seriousness”), from the root ج د د (j-d-d).

Pronunciation

Adverb

جِدًّا • (jiddan)

  1. very
  2. extremely

Descendants

  • → Azerbaijani: ciddən
  • → Ottoman Turkish: جدا
  • → Persian: جدا

See also

Azerbaijani

Adjective

جدا (cüda)

  1. Arabic spelling of cüda (“divided, isolated”)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

From Classical Persian جُدا (judā).

Adjective

جدا • (cüdâ)

  1. divided
  2. separated
  3. isolated

Etymology 2

From Arabic جِدًّا (jiddan), adverbial accusative of جِدّ (jidd).

Adverb

جداً • (cidden)

  1. seriously; truly; greatly
Descendants

Etymology 3

From Middle Mongol ᠵᠢᠳᠠ (ǰida), compare modern Mongolian жад (žad).

Noun

جدا • (cida)

  1. spear, lance

Further reading

  • Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), “cidden”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
  • Kélékian, Diran (1911) “جداً”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 435b
  • Kélékian, Diran (1911) “جدا”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 435b

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian ywdtʾk' (ǰudāg, “separate, different”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yutás (“separate”).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? juḏā
Dari reading? judā
Iranian reading? jodâ
Tajik reading? judo

Adjective

جُدا • (jodâ)

  1. divided
  2. separated
    Synonym: منتزع (montaza')
    • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 340:
      هم سخن دیدی تو خود را با خدا
      ای بسا کاو زین گمان افتد جدا
      ham suxan dīdī tū xwad rā bā xudā
      ay basā k-ō z-īn gumān uftad judā
      You regarded yourself as speaking (confidentially) with God.
      Oh, (there is) many a one that becomes separated (from God) by this opinion.
  3. isolated
Derived terms
Descendants

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic جِدًّا (jiddan).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? jiḏḏan
Dari reading? jiddan
Iranian reading? jeddan
Tajik reading? jiddan

Adverb

جِدّاً • (jeddan)

  1. seriously

References

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian جدا (judā, “separate, apart”).

Compare Punjabi جُدا (judā) / ਜੁਦਾ (judā), Gujarati જુદું (judũ).

Pronunciation

Adjective

جُدا • (judā) (Hindi spelling जुदा)

  1. separate, apart, split
    Synonym: الگ (alag)
  2. different, unrelated

Derived terms

References

  • “جدا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “جدا”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
  • Platts, John T. (1884) “جدا”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
  • “جدا”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
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