पञ्जर

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

Of uncertain origin.

Often taken to be from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ- (to attach, fix, fasten); however, Mayrhofer doesn't think the nasal found in पञ्जर can be explained in the same way as that found in supposed relatives like Latin pangō (to fasten, fix, set).

Turner, in light of the word's relatives in vernacular Indo-Aryan, assumes an older form *पृञ्जर (*pṛñjara), from अनवपृग्ण (anavapṛgṇa, not closely united, but spreading all around), from अन्- (an-, not, un-) +‎ अव (ava, away, down) +‎ पृग्ण (pṛgṇa), the latter component from the root पृच् (pṛc, to mix, fill, give lavishly).

Probably related to Persian پنجره (panjare, window).

Pronunciation

Noun

पञ्जर (pañjara) stemn

  1. a cage, aviary, dove-cot, net
  2. a skeleton, the ribs
  3. name of particular prayers and formularies

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of पञ्जर
singular dual plural
nominative पञ्जरम् (pañjaram) पञ्जरे (pañjare) पञ्जराणि (pañjarāṇi)
पञ्जरा¹ (pañjarā¹)
accusative पञ्जरम् (pañjaram) पञ्जरे (pañjare) पञ्जराणि (pañjarāṇi)
पञ्जरा¹ (pañjarā¹)
instrumental पञ्जरेण (pañjareṇa) पञ्जराभ्याम् (pañjarābhyām) पञ्जरैः (pañjaraiḥ)
पञ्जरेभिः¹ (pañjarebhiḥ¹)
dative पञ्जराय (pañjarāya) पञ्जराभ्याम् (pañjarābhyām) पञ्जरेभ्यः (pañjarebhyaḥ)
ablative पञ्जरात् (pañjarāt) पञ्जराभ्याम् (pañjarābhyām) पञ्जरेभ्यः (pañjarebhyaḥ)
genitive पञ्जरस्य (pañjarasya) पञ्जरयोः (pañjarayoḥ) पञ्जराणाम् (pañjarāṇām)
locative पञ्जरे (pañjare) पञ्जरयोः (pañjarayoḥ) पञ्जरेषु (pañjareṣu)
vocative पञ्जर (pañjara) पञ्जरे (pañjare) पञ्जराणि (pañjarāṇi)
पञ्जरा¹ (pañjarā¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Noun

पञ्जर (pañjara) stemm

  1. the body
  2. the Kali Yuga
  3. a purificatory ceremony performed on cows
  4. (variant lecto पञ्जल) a kind of bulbous plant

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पञ्जर
singular dual plural
nominative पञ्जरः (pañjaraḥ) पञ्जरौ (pañjarau)
पञ्जरा¹ (pañjarā¹)
पञ्जराः (pañjarāḥ)
पञ्जरासः¹ (pañjarāsaḥ¹)
accusative पञ्जरम् (pañjaram) पञ्जरौ (pañjarau)
पञ्जरा¹ (pañjarā¹)
पञ्जरान् (pañjarān)
instrumental पञ्जरेण (pañjareṇa) पञ्जराभ्याम् (pañjarābhyām) पञ्जरैः (pañjaraiḥ)
पञ्जरेभिः¹ (pañjarebhiḥ¹)
dative पञ्जराय (pañjarāya) पञ्जराभ्याम् (pañjarābhyām) पञ्जरेभ्यः (pañjarebhyaḥ)
ablative पञ्जरात् (pañjarāt) पञ्जराभ्याम् (pañjarābhyām) पञ्जरेभ्यः (pañjarebhyaḥ)
genitive पञ्जरस्य (pañjarasya) पञ्जरयोः (pañjarayoḥ) पञ्जराणाम् (pañjarāṇām)
locative पञ्जरे (pañjare) पञ्जरयोः (pañjarayoḥ) पञ्जरेषु (pañjareṣu)
vocative पञ्जर (pañjara) पञ्जरौ (pañjarau)
पञ्जरा¹ (pañjarā¹)
पञ्जराः (pañjarāḥ)
पञ्जरासः¹ (pañjarāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “पञ्जर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 575, column 2.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 297
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 188