शिव

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See also: श्वा and शव

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शिव (śiva).

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ʃɪʋ/
  • (mimicking Sanskrit) (Delhi) IPA(key): /ʃɪ.ʋɑː/,

Proper noun

शिव (śivm

  1. (Hinduism) Shiva (the destroying and reproducing deity, third god of the Hindu trinity)

Declension

Declension of शिव (sg-only masc cons-stem)
singular
direct शिव
śiv
oblique शिव
śiv
vocative शिव
śiv

Sanskrit

Sanskrit Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sa

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱi-wó-s (dear, intimate, friendly), from *ḱey- (to settle down, to live). Compare शेव (śeva), Proto-Germanic *hīwą (marriage), *hīwô (household), Latvian sieva f (wife), Latin cīvis, cīvīlis (civilized, polite).

In the Vedas, Rudra was often described with this adjective; eventually it got nominalized into a proper noun and Rudra came to be merged with the deity worshipped today.

Pronunciation

Adjective

शिव (śivá) stem

  1. auspicious, favourable, kind
    • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.5.9:
      शि॒वस् त्व॑ष्टर् इ॒हा ग॑हि
      वि॒भुः पोष॑ उ॒त त्मना॑ ।
      य॒ज्ञे य॑ज्ञे न॒ उद् अ॑व ॥
      śivás tvaṣṭar ihā́ gahi
      vibhúḥ póṣa utá tmánā.
      yajñé yajñe na úd ava.
      Rich in all plenty, Tvaṣṭar, come as an auspicious one, by your own free will
      Help us in every worship-ritual.
    • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.5.8.10:
      नमः॑ शंक॒राय॑ च मयस्क॒राय॑ च॒ नमः॑ शि॒वाय॑ च शि॒वत॑राय च॒
      námaḥ śaṃkarā́ya ca mayaskarā́ya ca námaḥ śivā́ya ca śivátarāya ca
      Homage to , the maker of happiness, and to the maker of delight.
      Homage to the auspicious, and to the more auspicious.
  2. happy, fortunate

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शिव
singular dual plural
nominative शिवः (śiváḥ) शिवौ (śivaú)
शिवा¹ (śivā́¹)
शिवाः (śivā́ḥ)
शिवासः¹ (śivā́saḥ¹)
accusative शिवम् (śivám) शिवौ (śivaú)
शिवा¹ (śivā́¹)
शिवान् (śivā́n)
instrumental शिवेन (śivéna) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवैः (śivaíḥ)
शिवेभिः¹ (śivébhiḥ¹)
dative शिवाय (śivā́ya) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवेभ्यः (śivébhyaḥ)
ablative शिवात् (śivā́t) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवेभ्यः (śivébhyaḥ)
genitive शिवस्य (śivásya) शिवयोः (śiváyoḥ) शिवानाम् (śivā́nām)
locative शिवे (śivé) शिवयोः (śiváyoḥ) शिवेषु (śivéṣu)
vocative शिव (śíva) शिवौ (śívau)
शिवा¹ (śívā¹)
शिवाः (śívāḥ)
शिवासः¹ (śívāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ā-stem declension of शिवा
singular dual plural
nominative शिवा (śivā́) शिवे (śivé) शिवाः (śivā́ḥ)
accusative शिवाम् (śivā́m) शिवे (śivé) शिवाः (śivā́ḥ)
instrumental शिवया (śiváyā)
शिवा¹ (śivā́¹)
शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवाभिः (śivā́bhiḥ)
dative शिवायै (śivā́yai) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवाभ्यः (śivā́bhyaḥ)
ablative शिवायाः (śivā́yāḥ)
शिवायै² (śivā́yai²)
शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवाभ्यः (śivā́bhyaḥ)
genitive शिवायाः (śivā́yāḥ)
शिवायै² (śivā́yai²)
शिवयोः (śiváyoḥ) शिवानाम् (śivā́nām)
locative शिवायाम् (śivā́yām) शिवयोः (śiváyoḥ) शिवासु (śivā́su)
vocative शिवे (śíve) शिवे (śíve) शिवाः (śívāḥ)
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter a-stem declension of शिव
singular dual plural
nominative शिवम् (śivám) शिवे (śivé) शिवानि (śivā́ni)
शिवा¹ (śivā́¹)
accusative शिवम् (śivám) शिवे (śivé) शिवानि (śivā́ni)
शिवा¹ (śivā́¹)
instrumental शिवेन (śivéna) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवैः (śivaíḥ)
शिवेभिः¹ (śivébhiḥ¹)
dative शिवाय (śivā́ya) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवेभ्यः (śivébhyaḥ)
ablative शिवात् (śivā́t) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवेभ्यः (śivébhyaḥ)
genitive शिवस्य (śivásya) शिवयोः (śiváyoḥ) शिवानाम् (śivā́nām)
locative शिवे (śivé) शिवयोः (śiváyoḥ) शिवेषु (śivéṣu)
vocative शिव (śíva) शिवे (śíve) शिवानि (śívāni)
शिवा¹ (śívā¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Proper noun

शिव (śiva) stemm

  1. (Hinduism) Shiva (the destroying and reproducing deity, third god of the Hindu trinity)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:शिव
    • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 3.105:
      स तप्यमानः सुमहत् तपो योगसमन्वितः ।
      आससाद महात्मानं त्र्यक्षं त्रिपुरमर्दनम् ॥
      शंकरं भवम् ईशानं पिनाकिं शूलपाणिनम् ।
      त्र्यम्बकं शिवम् उग्रेशं बहुरूपम् उमापतिम् ॥
      sa tapyamānaḥ sumahat tapo yogasamanvitaḥ.
      āsasāda mahātmānaṃ tryakṣaṃ tripuramardanam.
      śaṃkaraṃ bhavam īśānaṃ pinākiṃ śūlapāṇinam.
      tryambakaṃ śivam ugreśaṃ bahurūpam umāpatim.
      And being engaged in the practice of rigid austerities, and (also) engaged in the contemplation known by the name of Yoga, he obtained the sight of the magnanimous God with three eyes--the slayer of Tripurasura; Śaṃkara, Bhava, Īśāna; the holder of the Pinaka bow; carrying in his hand his (well-known weapon)--the trident; Tryambaka Śiva; the ruler of all those that are fierce; capable of assuming very many forms; and the lord of the goddess Uma.
    • c. 900 CE – 1500, Śiva Purāṇa 4.42.13:
      अन्ये च ये समुत्पन्ना यथानुक्रमतो लयम् ॥
      यांति नैव तथा रुद्रः शिवे रुद्रो विलीयते ॥
      anye ca ye samutpannā yathānukramato layam.
      yāṃti naiva tathā rudraḥ śive rudro vilīyate.
      Other beings and gods who are born get dissolved in due order but not so Rudra. Rudra gets merged in Śiva.
  2. (in the dual) Shiva and his wife
  3. a male given name

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शिव
singular
nominative शिवः (śivaḥ)
accusative शिवम् (śivam)
instrumental शिवेन (śivena)
dative शिवाय (śivāya)
ablative शिवात् (śivāt)
genitive शिवस्य (śivasya)
locative शिवे (śive)
vocative शिव (śiva)

Derived terms

Noun

शिव (śivá) stemm or n

  1. m happiness, welfare
  2. m liberation, final emancipation
  3. n welfare, prosperity, bliss

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शिव
singular dual plural
nominative शिवः (śiváḥ) शिवौ (śivaú)
शिवा¹ (śivā́¹)
शिवाः (śivā́ḥ)
शिवासः¹ (śivā́saḥ¹)
accusative शिवम् (śivám) शिवौ (śivaú)
शिवा¹ (śivā́¹)
शिवान् (śivā́n)
instrumental शिवेन (śivéna) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवैः (śivaíḥ)
शिवेभिः¹ (śivébhiḥ¹)
dative शिवाय (śivā́ya) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवेभ्यः (śivébhyaḥ)
ablative शिवात् (śivā́t) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवेभ्यः (śivébhyaḥ)
genitive शिवस्य (śivásya) शिवयोः (śiváyoḥ) शिवानाम् (śivā́nām)
locative शिवे (śivé) शिवयोः (śiváyoḥ) शिवेषु (śivéṣu)
vocative शिव (śíva) शिवौ (śívau)
शिवा¹ (śívā¹)
शिवाः (śívāḥ)
शिवासः¹ (śívāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic
Neuter a-stem declension of शिव
singular dual plural
nominative शिवम् (śivám) शिवे (śivé) शिवानि (śivā́ni)
शिवा¹ (śivā́¹)
accusative शिवम् (śivám) शिवे (śivé) शिवानि (śivā́ni)
शिवा¹ (śivā́¹)
instrumental शिवेन (śivéna) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवैः (śivaíḥ)
शिवेभिः¹ (śivébhiḥ¹)
dative शिवाय (śivā́ya) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवेभ्यः (śivébhyaḥ)
ablative शिवात् (śivā́t) शिवाभ्याम् (śivā́bhyām) शिवेभ्यः (śivébhyaḥ)
genitive शिवस्य (śivásya) शिवयोः (śiváyoḥ) शिवानाम् (śivā́nām)
locative शिवे (śivé) शिवयोः (śiváyoḥ) शिवेषु (śivéṣu)
vocative शिव (śíva) शिवे (śíve) शिवानि (śívāni)
शिवा¹ (śívā¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

References