श्याव

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHwás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-wó-s (dark; deep brown). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀 (siiāuua), Persian سیاه (siyâh, black), Russian сивый (sivyj, grey), Lithuanian šývas (light grey), Old English hīew (whence English hue).

Pronunciation

Adjective

श्याव (śyāvá) stem

  1. dark
  2. dark brown, (deep) brown, dark-colored
  3. (said of chariots, Vedic) drawn by brown or bay horses
  4. pungent and sweet and sour

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of श्याव
singular dual plural
nominative श्यावः (śyāváḥ) श्यावौ (śyāvaú)
श्यावा¹ (śyāvā́¹)
श्यावाः (śyāvā́ḥ)
श्यावासः¹ (śyāvā́saḥ¹)
accusative श्यावम् (śyāvám) श्यावौ (śyāvaú)
श्यावा¹ (śyāvā́¹)
श्यावान् (śyāvā́n)
instrumental श्यावेन (śyāvéna) श्यावाभ्याम् (śyāvā́bhyām) श्यावैः (śyāvaíḥ)
श्यावेभिः¹ (śyāvébhiḥ¹)
dative श्यावाय (śyāvā́ya) श्यावाभ्याम् (śyāvā́bhyām) श्यावेभ्यः (śyāvébhyaḥ)
ablative श्यावात् (śyāvā́t) श्यावाभ्याम् (śyāvā́bhyām) श्यावेभ्यः (śyāvébhyaḥ)
genitive श्यावस्य (śyāvásya) श्यावयोः (śyāváyoḥ) श्यावानाम् (śyāvā́nām)
locative श्यावे (śyāvé) श्यावयोः (śyāváyoḥ) श्यावेषु (śyāvéṣu)
vocative श्याव (śyā́va) श्यावौ (śyā́vau)
श्यावा¹ (śyā́vā¹)
श्यावाः (śyā́vāḥ)
श्यावासः¹ (śyā́vāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ā-stem declension of श्यावा
singular dual plural
nominative श्यावा (śyāvā́) श्यावे (śyāvé) श्यावाः (śyāvā́ḥ)
accusative श्यावाम् (śyāvā́m) श्यावे (śyāvé) श्यावाः (śyāvā́ḥ)
instrumental श्यावया (śyāváyā)
श्यावा¹ (śyāvā́¹)
श्यावाभ्याम् (śyāvā́bhyām) श्यावाभिः (śyāvā́bhiḥ)
dative श्यावायै (śyāvā́yai) श्यावाभ्याम् (śyāvā́bhyām) श्यावाभ्यः (śyāvā́bhyaḥ)
ablative श्यावायाः (śyāvā́yāḥ)
श्यावायै² (śyāvā́yai²)
श्यावाभ्याम् (śyāvā́bhyām) श्यावाभ्यः (śyāvā́bhyaḥ)
genitive श्यावायाः (śyāvā́yāḥ)
श्यावायै² (śyāvā́yai²)
श्यावयोः (śyāváyoḥ) श्यावानाम् (śyāvā́nām)
locative श्यावायाम् (śyāvā́yām) श्यावयोः (śyāváyoḥ) श्यावासु (śyāvā́su)
vocative श्यावे (śyā́ve) श्यावे (śyā́ve) श्यावाः (śyā́vāḥ)
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter a-stem declension of श्याव
singular dual plural
nominative श्यावम् (śyāvám) श्यावे (śyāvé) श्यावानि (śyāvā́ni)
श्यावा¹ (śyāvā́¹)
accusative श्यावम् (śyāvám) श्यावे (śyāvé) श्यावानि (śyāvā́ni)
श्यावा¹ (śyāvā́¹)
instrumental श्यावेन (śyāvéna) श्यावाभ्याम् (śyāvā́bhyām) श्यावैः (śyāvaíḥ)
श्यावेभिः¹ (śyāvébhiḥ¹)
dative श्यावाय (śyāvā́ya) श्यावाभ्याम् (śyāvā́bhyām) श्यावेभ्यः (śyāvébhyaḥ)
ablative श्यावात् (śyāvā́t) श्यावाभ्याम् (śyāvā́bhyām) श्यावेभ्यः (śyāvébhyaḥ)
genitive श्यावस्य (śyāvásya) श्यावयोः (śyāváyoḥ) श्यावानाम् (śyāvā́nām)
locative श्यावे (śyāvé) श्यावयोः (śyāváyoḥ) श्यावेषु (śyāvéṣu)
vocative श्याव (śyā́va) श्यावे (śyā́ve) श्यावानि (śyā́vāni)
श्यावा¹ (śyā́vā¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

  • Dardic:
    • Khowar: ݰا (ṣa)
  • Ashokan Prakrit:

Noun

श्याव (śyāva) stemm

  1. a brown horse
  2. brown (the color)
  3. a particular disease of the outer ear
  4. pungent and sweet and sour taste

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of श्याव
singular dual plural
nominative श्यावः (śyāvaḥ) श्यावौ (śyāvau)
श्यावा¹ (śyāvā¹)
श्यावाः (śyāvāḥ)
श्यावासः¹ (śyāvāsaḥ¹)
accusative श्यावम् (śyāvam) श्यावौ (śyāvau)
श्यावा¹ (śyāvā¹)
श्यावान् (śyāvān)
instrumental श्यावेन (śyāvena) श्यावाभ्याम् (śyāvābhyām) श्यावैः (śyāvaiḥ)
श्यावेभिः¹ (śyāvebhiḥ¹)
dative श्यावाय (śyāvāya) श्यावाभ्याम् (śyāvābhyām) श्यावेभ्यः (śyāvebhyaḥ)
ablative श्यावात् (śyāvāt) श्यावाभ्याम् (śyāvābhyām) श्यावेभ्यः (śyāvebhyaḥ)
genitive श्यावस्य (śyāvasya) श्यावयोः (śyāvayoḥ) श्यावानाम् (śyāvānām)
locative श्यावे (śyāve) श्यावयोः (śyāvayoḥ) श्यावेषु (śyāveṣu)
vocative श्याव (śyāva) श्यावौ (śyāvau)
श्यावा¹ (śyāvā¹)
श्यावाः (śyāvāḥ)
श्यावासः¹ (śyāvāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “श्याव”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1095/1.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 661