ἄρουρα

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Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *ároura, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥h₃-w-rh₂ (“cultivated land”); cognate with Sanskrit उर्वरा (urvárā). The sense ‘arura’ is a semantic loan from Egyptian sṯꜣt (“arura”).

Pronunciation

 

Noun

ἄρουρᾰ • (ároură) f (genitive ἀρούρᾱς); first declension

  1. cultivated land, a cultivated field
  2. ground, earth
  3. arura
    • Rosetta Stone :
      ἀπἔλυσεν δέ τά ἱερά καί τῆς λογιζομένης τῆς ἀρτάβης τῇ ἀρούρᾳ τῆς ἱερᾶς γῆς
      apélusen dé tá hierá kaí tês logizoménēs tês artábēs têi aroúrāi tês hierâs gês
      he also released the temples of the ardeb-per-arura tax on sacred land

Declension

First declension of ἡ ἄρουρᾰ; τῆς ἀρούρᾱς (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἡ ἄρουρᾰ
hē ároură 		τὼ ἀρούρᾱ
tṑ aroúrā 		αἱ ἄρουραι
hai árourai
Genitive τῆς ἀρούρᾱς
tês aroúrās 		τοῖν ἀρούραιν
toîn aroúrain 		τῶν ἀρουρῶν
tôn arourôn
Dative τῇ ἀρούρᾳ
têi aroúrāi 		τοῖν ἀρούραιν
toîn aroúrain 		ταῖς ἀρούραις
taîs aroúrais
Accusative τὴν ἄρουρᾰν
tḕn árourăn 		τὼ ἀρούρᾱ
tṑ aroúrā 		τᾱ̀ς ἀρούρᾱς
tā̀s aroúrās
Vocative ἄρουρᾰ
ároură 		ἀρούρᾱ
aroúrā 		ἄρουραι
árourai
Notes:
First declension of ἄρουρᾰ; ἀρούρης (Epic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἄρουρᾰ
ároură 		ἀρούρᾱ
aroúrā 		ἄρουραι
árourai
Genitive ἀρούρης
aroúrēs 		ἀρούραιν / ἀρούραιῐν / ἀρούρῃῐν
aroúrai(ĭ)n / aroúrēiĭn 		ἀρουρᾱ́ων / ἀρουρέ͜ων / ἀρουρῶν
arourā́ōn / arouré͜ōn / arourôn
Dative ἀρούρῃ
aroúrēi 		ἀρούραιν / ἀρούραιῐν / ἀρούρῃῐν
aroúrai(ĭ)n / aroúrēiĭn 		ἀρούρῃσῐ / ἀρούρῃσῐν / ἀρούρῃς / ἀρούραις
aroúrēisĭ(n) / aroúrēis / aroúrais
Accusative ἄρουρᾰν
árourăn 		ἀρούρᾱ
aroúrā 		ἀρούρᾱς
aroúrās
Vocative ἄρουρᾰ
ároură 		ἀρούρᾱ
aroúrā 		ἄρουραι
árourai
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Descendants

  • → English: arura

Further reading

  • “ἄρουρα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • ἄρουρα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • “ἄρουρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
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