檸檬
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檸檬/柠檬
See also: 柠檬
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (檸檬) | 檸 | 檬 | |
| simp. (柠檬) | 柠 | 檬 | |
| 2nd round simp. | 宁𰰡 | ||
Etymology
Borrowed from English lemon (Huang, 2020); first attested in Volume I of Part II of A Dictionary of the Chinese Language in Three Parts by Robert Morrison (Huang, 2009).
For Taiwanese Min Nan lê-bóng and Hakka lê-móng, via Japanese 檸檬 (remon), from English lemon.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ning4 mung4-1
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): nen3 muung2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lê-móng
- Jin (Wiktionary): ning1 meng1
- Eastern Min (BUC): nìng-mùng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gnin-mon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄇㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: níngméng
- Wade–Giles: ning2-mêng2
- Yale: níng-méng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ningmeng
- Palladius: нинмэн (ninmɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /niŋ³⁵ mɤŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ning4 mung4-1
- Yale: nìhng mūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ning4 mung4-1
- Guangdong Romanization: ning4 mung4-1
- Sinological IPA (key): /nɪŋ²¹ mʊŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: nen3 muung2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ⁿden²² ᵐbɵŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lê-móng
- Hakka Romanization System: leˊ mongˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: le1 mong3
- Sinological IPA: /le²⁴ moŋ³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ning1 meng1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /niŋ¹¹ məŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nìng-mùng
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡiŋ⁵³⁻³³ muŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Singapore, dated in Taiwan)
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lê-bóng
- Tâi-lô: lê-bóng
- Phofsit Daibuun: le'borng
- IPA (Taipei): /le²⁴⁻¹¹ bɔŋ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /le²³⁻³³ bɔŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng-mông
- Tâi-lô: lîng-mông
- Phofsit Daibuun: lengmoong
- IPA (Singapore): /leŋ²⁴⁻²¹ mɔŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lî-móng
- Tâi-lô: lî-móng
- Phofsit Daibuun: limorng
- IPA (Penang): /li²³⁻²¹ mɔŋ⁴⁴⁵/
- (Hokkien: Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lê--mong
- Tâi-lô: lê--mong
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: lêng5 mong5 / lêng5 mou5 / lam5 mong2 / nam5 mong2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lêng mông / lêng môu / lâm móng / nâm móng
- Sinological IPA (key): /leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ moŋ⁵⁵/, /leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ mou⁵⁵/, /lam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ moŋ⁵²/, /nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ moŋ⁵²/
Note:
- lêng5 mong5/lêng5 mou5 - literary;
- lam5 mong2/nam5 mong2 - vernacular.
Noun
檸檬
- lemon (fruit, tree)
Synonyms
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 檸檬 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 檸檬 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | лиму |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kokang | 罵榴 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 檸檬 |
| Hong Kong | 檸檬 | |
| Taishan | 檸檬 | |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 檸檬 |
| Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 檸檬 | |
| Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 檸檬 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 檸檬 | |
| Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 檸檬 | |
| Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 檸檬 | |
| Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 檸檬 | |
| Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 檸檬 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 檸檬 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 檸檬 |
| Quanzhou | 檸檬 | |
| Zhangzhou | 檸檬 | |
| Zhao'an | 檸檬 | |
| New Taipei (Tamsui) | 檸檬 | |
| New Taipei (Pingxi) | 檸檬 | |
| Kaohsiung | 檸檬 | |
| Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 檸檬 | |
| Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 檸檬 | |
| Yilan (Luodong) | 檸檬 | |
| Yilan (Toucheng) | 檸檬 | |
| Changhua (Yongjing) | 檸檬 | |
| Tainan (Anping) | 檸檬 | |
| Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) | 檸檬 | |
| Penghu (Xiyu) | 檸檬 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 檸檬 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 檸檬 | |
| Jieyang | 檸檬 | |
| Leizhou | 酸檬 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 檸檬 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 檸檬 |
Derived terms
Proper noun
檸檬
- (～埠) (dated) Puerto Limón (a city, the capital city of Limón, Costa Rica)
Synonyms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 檸 | 檬 |
| れ Hyōgai |
もん Hyōgai |
| irregular | |
Etymology
The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓) and ateji (当て字), from Chinese 檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng).
| For pronunciation and definitions of 檸檬 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 檸檬, is an alternative spelling (dated) of the above term.) |