𐽶𐽰𐽲

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Old Uyghur

Orthographic variants
Uyghur script 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾄 (yʾq̈ /⁠yaḳ⁠/)
𐽶𐽰𐽷 (yʾk /⁠yag, yeg⁠/)
Orkhon script 𐰖𐰍 (y¹ǧ /⁠yaġ⁠/)
Brahmi script 𑀬𑀸𑀕𑁆 (yāg /⁠yāġ⁠/)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yāg (fat, oil, lard).

Perhaps related to 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽹𐽰𐽷 (yʾqmʾk /⁠yaḳ-⁠/, to burn, to stick or cling to), from Proto-Turkic *yak- (to burn).

Noun

𐽶𐽰𐽲 (yʾq /yaġ/)

  1. (cooking) oil, fat, butter, ghee
    Synonyms: 𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽲 (qʾyʾq /⁠ḳayaḳ⁠/), 𐽹𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽽𐽶𐽷 (mwyncyk /⁠münčik⁠/), 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽾𐽶 (yʾqry /⁠yaḳrï⁠/)
    • c. 10th century, 1361, 1687, Šéŋko Šeli Tutuŋ (勝光闍梨都統), Altun Yaruḳ 9th chapter: 596.1-2 (Mz262.1-2):
      𐽰𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽶𐽷 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶 𐽻𐽳𐽶𐾀 𐽼𐽶𐽾𐾁𐽰 𐽹𐽶𐽾 𐾁𐽶 𐽼𐽰𐽺𐽶𐾀 𐾁𐽶 𐽰𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽷𐽳 𐾈
      ʾynkyk yʾqy swyt pyrlʾ myr ly pʾnyt ly ʾykykw
      / ingék yaġï süt birle, mïrlï panïtlï ikegü./
      with butter and milk of a cow, honey and molasses.
  2. (medicine) cream, ointment
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽳𐽼𐽳 (ʾwpw /⁠opo⁠/), 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽷𐽳 (twyrtkw /⁠türtgü⁠/)

Declension

Declension of 𐽶𐽰𐽲
singular definite plural
nominative 𐽶𐽰𐽲 (yʾq) 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾 (yʾqlʾr)
genitive 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (yʾqnynk) 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (yʾqlʾrnynk)
dative 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽲𐽰 (yʾqqʾ) 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽲𐽰 (yʾqlʾrqʾ)
accusative 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽲 (yʾqyq), 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽺𐽶 (yʾqny) 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (yʾqlʾryq), 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (yʾqlʾrny)
locative 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾀𐽰 (yʾqtʾ) 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (yʾqlʾrtʾ)
ablative 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾀𐽶𐽺 (yʾqtyn) 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (yʾqlʾrtyn)
instrumental 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽺 (yʾqyn) 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (yʾqlʾryn)
equative 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽽𐽰 (yʾqcʾ)
directive 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽳 (yʾqqʾrw), 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽾𐽰 (yʾqrʾ)
similative 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (yʾqlʾyw)

Compound terms

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Western Yugur: jaɣ (yaɣ, cooking oil)

References

  • Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “yaġ”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 279
  • Kaya, Ceval (1994) Uygurca Altun Yaruk: Giriş, Metin ve Dizin (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 607) (in Turkish), →ISBN, page 315
  • Nadeljajev, V. M.; Nasilov, D. M.; Tenišev, E. R.; Ščerbak, A. M., editors (1969), “JAΓ (1)”, in Drevnetjurkskij slovarʹ (in Russian), Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, Nauka, page 223
  • Wilkens, Jens (2021) “yag”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 852