αἴτιος

From an unattested *αἶτος (*aîtos, “share”) + -ιος (-ios), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éy-ti-s, from *h₂ey- (“to give”). Cognates include αἰτέω (aitéō, “to ask”), Tocharian B ai- (“to give, take”), Oscan aetis (“part (of a possession)”), and perhaps Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀 (aēta) (though the latter is disputed by Beekes).^[1]

αἴτῐος • (aítĭos) m (feminine αἰτῐ́ᾱ, neuter αἴτῐον); first/second declension

1. causing, being the author of, responsible for
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Physics 2:

     Τῶν ὄντων τὰ μέν ἐστι φύσει, τὰ δὲ δι' ἄλλας αἰτίας, φύσει μὲν τά τε ζῷα καὶ τὰ μέρη αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ φυτὰ καὶ τὰ ἁπλᾶ τῶν σωμάτων

     Tôn óntōn tà mén esti phúsei, tà dè di’ állas aitías, phúsei mèn tá te zôia kaì tà mérē autôn kaì tà phutà kaì tà haplâ tôn sōmátōn

2. to blame, blameworthy, guilty, reprehensible, culpable

• αἰτέω (aitéō)

αἴτῐος • (aítĭos) m (genitive αἰτίου); second declension

1. defendant, the accused, culprit

• “αἴτιος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “αἴτιος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “αἴτιος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• αἴτιος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• αἴτιος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• αἴτιος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
• “αἴτιος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G159 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • accountable idem, page 7.
  • author idem, page 53.
  • cause idem, page 118.
  • culprit idem, page 188.
  • guilty idem, page 379.
  • inculpated idem, page 431.
  • instrumental idem, page 447.
  • perpetrator idem, page 607.
  • productive idem, page 645.
  • responsible idem, page 704.
• “αἴτιος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011