διαβήτης

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Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 10 April 2022

Etymology

From δῐᾰβαίνω (diabaínō, “to step across, pass over”) +‎ -της (-tēs, “-er, -or”, agent noun suffix).

Pronunciation

 

Noun

δῐᾰβήτης • (diabḗtēs) m (genitive δῐᾰβήτου); first declension

  1. pair of compasses (so called from its outstretched legs)
    • 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 178:
      Κατὰ τῆς τραπέζης καταπάσας λεπτὴν τέφραν, κάμψας ὀβελίσκον, εἶτα διαβήτην λαβών, ἐκ τῆς παλαίστρας θοἰμάτιον ὑφείλετο.
      Katà tês trapézēs katapásas leptḕn téphran, kámpsas obelískon, eîta diabḗtēn labṓn, ek tês palaístras thoimátion hupheíleto.
      He sprinkled fine ashes on the table, and bent a little spit, and then took it as a pair of compasses and filched a cloak from the Palaestra.
    1. carpenter's or stonemason's ruler
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Philebus 56b:
        Κανόνι γὰρ οἶμαι καὶ τόρνῳ χρῆται καὶ διαβήτῃ καὶ στάθμῃ καί τινι προσαγωγίῳ κεκομψευμένῳ.
        Kanóni gàr oîmai kaì tórnōi khrêtai kaì diabḗtēi kaì státhmēi kaí tini prosagōgíōi kekompseuménōi.
        For the artisan uses a rule, I imagine, a lathe, compasses, a chalk-line, and an ingenious instrument called a vice.
  2. siphon
  3. (pathology) diabetes
    • 1 CE – 100 CE, Aretaeus, De Causis et Signis Diuturnorum Morborum 2.2:
      Θώϋμα τὸ διαβήτεω πάθος, οὐ κάρτα ξύνηθες ἀνθρώποισι· σαρκῶν καὶ μελέων ἐς οὖρον ἡ ξύντηξις· ὑγρὴ καὶ ψυχρὴ, ὅκως ἐν ὕδρωψι, αἰτίη.
      Thṓüma tò diabḗteō páthos, ou kárta xúnēthes anthrṓpoisi; sarkôn kaì meléōn es oûron hē xúntēxis; hugrḕ kaì psukhrḕ, hókōs en húdrōpsi, aitíē.
      Diabetes is a remarkable disorder, and not one very common to man. It consists of a moist and cold wasting of the flesh and limbs into urine, from a cause similar to that of dropsy.

Inflection

First declension of ὁ δῐᾰβήτης; τοῦ δῐᾰβήτου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ δῐᾰβήτης
ho diabḗtēs 		τὼ δῐᾰβήτᾱ
tṑ diabḗtā 		οἱ δῐᾰβῆται
hoi diabêtai
Genitive τοῦ δῐᾰβήτου
toû diabḗtou 		τοῖν δῐᾰβήταιν
toîn diabḗtain 		τῶν δῐᾰβητῶν
tôn diabētôn
Dative τῷ δῐᾰβήτῃ
tôi diabḗtēi 		τοῖν δῐᾰβήταιν
toîn diabḗtain 		τοῖς δῐᾰβήταις
toîs diabḗtais
Accusative τὸν δῐᾰβήτην
tòn diabḗtēn 		τὼ δῐᾰβήτᾱ
tṑ diabḗtā 		τοὺς δῐᾰβήτᾱς
toùs diabḗtās
Vocative δῐᾰβῆτᾰ
diabêta 		δῐᾰβήτᾱ
diabḗtā 		δῐᾰβῆται
diabêtai
Notes:

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Latin: diabētēs
    • → English: diabetes

References

Greek

Etymology

For the instrument, learned borrowing from Ancient Greek διαβήτης (diabḗtēs) from διαβαίνω (diabaínō, “walk, pass through”).
For medicine, learned borrowing from Koine Greek sense.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ði̯aˈvi.tis/, (and in fast speech) /ðʝaˈvi.tis/
  • Hyphenation: δια‧βή‧της
  • Old Hyphenation: δι‧α‧βή‧της

Noun

διαβήτης • (diavítis) m (plural διαβήτες)

  1. (geometry) pair of compasses (usually called a compass; an instrument used to draw circles)
  2. (medicine) diabetes, diabetes mellitus
    Synonyms: σακχαροδιαβήτης (sakcharodiavítis), σάκχαρο (sákcharo), ζαχαροδιαβήτης (zacharodiavítis)

Declension

singular plural
nominative διαβήτης (diavítis) διαβήτες (diavítes)
genitive διαβήτη (diavíti) διαβητών (diavitón)
accusative διαβήτη (diavíti) διαβήτες (diavítes)
vocative διαβήτη (diavíti) διαβήτες (diavítes)

Coordinate terms

References

  1. ^ διαβήτης, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής , Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia