عم

See also: غم

Arabic

Etymology 1

From عَن (ʕan) +‎ مَا (mā).

Particle

عَمَّ • (ʕamma)

from what?
about what?
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 78:1:
  عَمَّ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ
  ʕamma yatasāʔalūna
  About what are they asking one another?

Etymology 2

Verb

عَمَّ • (ʕamma) I, non-past يَعُمُّ‎ (yaʕummu)

to be or become general
to spread, to prevail
هُنَالِكَ عَمَّ ٱلْخَيْرُ
hunālika ʕamma l-ḵayru
The good spread there.

Conjugation

Conjugation of

عَمَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal noun عُمُوم)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					عُمُوم ʕumūm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					عَامّ ʕāmm
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَعْمُوم maʕmūm
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عَمَمْتُ ʕamamtu	عَمَمْتَ ʕamamta	عَمَّ ʕamma	عَمَمْتُمَا ʕamamtumā	عَمَّا ʕammā	عَمَمْنَا ʕamamnā	عَمَمْتُمْ ʕamamtum	عَمُّوا ʕammū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	عَمَمْتُ ʕamamtu	عَمَمْتِ ʕamamti	عَمَّتْ ʕammat	عَمَمْتُمَا ʕamamtumā	عَمَّتَا ʕammatā	عَمَمْنَا ʕamamnā	عَمَمْتُنَّ ʕamamtunna	عَمَمْنَ ʕamamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَعُمُّ ʔaʕummu	تَعُمُّ taʕummu	يَعُمُّ yaʕummu	تَعُمَّانِ taʕummāni	يَعُمَّانِ yaʕummāni	نَعُمُّ naʕummu	تَعُمُّونَ taʕummūna	يَعُمُّونَ yaʕummūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَعُمُّ ʔaʕummu	تَعُمِّينَ taʕummīna	تَعُمُّ taʕummu	تَعُمَّانِ taʕummāni	تَعُمَّانِ taʕummāni	نَعُمُّ naʕummu	تَعْمُمْنَ taʕmumna	يَعْمُمْنَ yaʕmumna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَعُمَّ ʔaʕumma	تَعُمَّ taʕumma	يَعُمَّ yaʕumma	تَعُمَّا taʕummā	يَعُمَّا yaʕummā	نَعُمَّ naʕumma	تَعُمُّوا taʕummū	يَعُمُّوا yaʕummū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَعُمَّ ʔaʕumma	تَعُمِّي taʕummī	تَعُمَّ taʕumma	تَعُمَّا taʕummā	تَعُمَّا taʕummā	نَعُمَّ naʕumma	تَعْمُمْنَ taʕmumna	يَعْمُمْنَ yaʕmumna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَعُمَّ or أَعُمِّ or أَعْمُمْ ʔaʕumma or ʔaʕummi or ʔaʕmum	تَعُمَّ or تَعُمِّ or تَعْمُمْ taʕumma or taʕummi or taʕmum	يَعُمَّ or يَعُمِّ or يَعْمُمْ yaʕumma or yaʕummi or yaʕmum	تَعُمَّا taʕummā	يَعُمَّا yaʕummā	نَعُمَّ or نَعُمِّ or نَعْمُمْ naʕumma or naʕummi or naʕmum	تَعُمُّوا taʕummū	يَعُمُّوا yaʕummū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تَعُمِّي taʕummī	تَعُمَّ or تَعُمِّ or تَعْمُمْ taʕumma or taʕummi or taʕmum	تَعُمَّا taʕummā	تَعُمَّا taʕummā		تَعْمُمْنَ taʕmumna	يَعْمُمْنَ yaʕmumna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		عُمَّ or عُمِّ or اُعْمُمْ ʕumma or ʕummi or uʕmum		عُمَّا ʕummā			عُمُّوا ʕummū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		عُمِّي ʕummī		عُمَّا ʕummā			اُعْمُمْنَ uʕmumna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	عُمَّ ʕumma	—	—	—	—	—
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُعَمُّ yuʕammu	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُعَمَّ yuʕamma	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُعَمَّ or يُعَمِّ or يُعْمَمْ yuʕamma or yuʕammi or yuʕmam	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Verb

عَمَّ • (ʕamma) I, non-past يَعُمُّ‎ (yaʕummu)

to comprise, to include, to encompass, to pervade
عَمَّ ٱلْمَطَرُ ٱلْأَرْضَ
ʕamma l-maṭaru l-ʔarḍa
The rain encompassed the whole land.

عَمَّهُمُ ٱلْمَرَضُ
ʕammahumu l-maraḍu
The disease spread among them.
to extend, to stretch, to be diffused, to be prevailing

Conjugation

Conjugation of

عَمَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal noun عُمُوم)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					عُمُوم ʕumūm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					عَامّ ʕāmm
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَعْمُوم maʕmūm
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عَمَمْتُ ʕamamtu	عَمَمْتَ ʕamamta	عَمَّ ʕamma	عَمَمْتُمَا ʕamamtumā	عَمَّا ʕammā	عَمَمْنَا ʕamamnā	عَمَمْتُمْ ʕamamtum	عَمُّوا ʕammū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	عَمَمْتُ ʕamamtu	عَمَمْتِ ʕamamti	عَمَّتْ ʕammat	عَمَمْتُمَا ʕamamtumā	عَمَّتَا ʕammatā	عَمَمْنَا ʕamamnā	عَمَمْتُنَّ ʕamamtunna	عَمَمْنَ ʕamamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَعُمُّ ʔaʕummu	تَعُمُّ taʕummu	يَعُمُّ yaʕummu	تَعُمَّانِ taʕummāni	يَعُمَّانِ yaʕummāni	نَعُمُّ naʕummu	تَعُمُّونَ taʕummūna	يَعُمُّونَ yaʕummūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَعُمُّ ʔaʕummu	تَعُمِّينَ taʕummīna	تَعُمُّ taʕummu	تَعُمَّانِ taʕummāni	تَعُمَّانِ taʕummāni	نَعُمُّ naʕummu	تَعْمُمْنَ taʕmumna	يَعْمُمْنَ yaʕmumna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَعُمَّ ʔaʕumma	تَعُمَّ taʕumma	يَعُمَّ yaʕumma	تَعُمَّا taʕummā	يَعُمَّا yaʕummā	نَعُمَّ naʕumma	تَعُمُّوا taʕummū	يَعُمُّوا yaʕummū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَعُمَّ ʔaʕumma	تَعُمِّي taʕummī	تَعُمَّ taʕumma	تَعُمَّا taʕummā	تَعُمَّا taʕummā	نَعُمَّ naʕumma	تَعْمُمْنَ taʕmumna	يَعْمُمْنَ yaʕmumna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَعُمَّ or أَعُمِّ or أَعْمُمْ ʔaʕumma or ʔaʕummi or ʔaʕmum	تَعُمَّ or تَعُمِّ or تَعْمُمْ taʕumma or taʕummi or taʕmum	يَعُمَّ or يَعُمِّ or يَعْمُمْ yaʕumma or yaʕummi or yaʕmum	تَعُمَّا taʕummā	يَعُمَّا yaʕummā	نَعُمَّ or نَعُمِّ or نَعْمُمْ naʕumma or naʕummi or naʕmum	تَعُمُّوا taʕummū	يَعُمُّوا yaʕummū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تَعُمِّي taʕummī	تَعُمَّ or تَعُمِّ or تَعْمُمْ taʕumma or taʕummi or taʕmum	تَعُمَّا taʕummā	تَعُمَّا taʕummā		تَعْمُمْنَ taʕmumna	يَعْمُمْنَ yaʕmumna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		عُمَّ or عُمِّ or اُعْمُمْ ʕumma or ʕummi or uʕmum		عُمَّا ʕummā			عُمُّوا ʕummū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		عُمِّي ʕummī		عُمَّا ʕummā			اُعْمُمْنَ uʕmumna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عُمِمْتُ ʕumimtu	عُمِمْتَ ʕumimta	عُمَّ ʕumma	عُمِمْتُمَا ʕumimtumā	عُمَّا ʕummā	عُمِمْنَا ʕumimnā	عُمِمْتُمْ ʕumimtum	عُمُّوا ʕummū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	عُمِمْتُ ʕumimtu	عُمِمْتِ ʕumimti	عُمَّتْ ʕummat	عُمِمْتُمَا ʕumimtumā	عُمَّتَا ʕummatā	عُمِمْنَا ʕumimnā	عُمِمْتُنَّ ʕumimtunna	عُمِمْنَ ʕumimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُعَمُّ ʔuʕammu	تُعَمُّ tuʕammu	يُعَمُّ yuʕammu	تُعَمَّانِ tuʕammāni	يُعَمَّانِ yuʕammāni	نُعَمُّ nuʕammu	تُعَمُّونَ tuʕammūna	يُعَمُّونَ yuʕammūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُعَمُّ ʔuʕammu	تُعَمِّينَ tuʕammīna	تُعَمُّ tuʕammu	تُعَمَّانِ tuʕammāni	تُعَمَّانِ tuʕammāni	نُعَمُّ nuʕammu	تُعْمَمْنَ tuʕmamna	يُعْمَمْنَ yuʕmamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُعَمَّ ʔuʕamma	تُعَمَّ tuʕamma	يُعَمَّ yuʕamma	تُعَمَّا tuʕammā	يُعَمَّا yuʕammā	نُعَمَّ nuʕamma	تُعَمُّوا tuʕammū	يُعَمُّوا yuʕammū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُعَمَّ ʔuʕamma	تُعَمِّي tuʕammī	تُعَمَّ tuʕamma	تُعَمَّا tuʕammā	تُعَمَّا tuʕammā	نُعَمَّ nuʕamma	تُعْمَمْنَ tuʕmamna	يُعْمَمْنَ yuʕmamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُعَمَّ or أُعَمِّ or أُعْمَمْ ʔuʕamma or ʔuʕammi or ʔuʕmam	تُعَمَّ or تُعَمِّ or تُعْمَمْ tuʕamma or tuʕammi or tuʕmam	يُعَمَّ or يُعَمِّ or يُعْمَمْ yuʕamma or yuʕammi or yuʕmam	تُعَمَّا tuʕammā	يُعَمَّا yuʕammā	نُعَمَّ or نُعَمِّ or نُعْمَمْ nuʕamma or nuʕammi or nuʕmam	تُعَمُّوا tuʕammū	يُعَمُّوا yuʕammū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تُعَمِّي tuʕammī	تُعَمَّ or تُعَمِّ or تُعْمَمْ tuʕamma or tuʕammi or tuʕmam	تُعَمَّا tuʕammā	تُعَمَّا tuʕammā		تُعْمَمْنَ tuʕmamna	يُعْمَمْنَ yuʕmamna

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʕamm/

Noun

عَمّ • (ʕamm) m (plural أَعْمام (ʔaʕmām) or عُمُوم (ʕumūm), feminine عَمَّة (ʕamma))

paternal blood uncle (one's father's brother)
(informal) term of address to an older person

Declension

Declension of noun عَمّ (ʕamm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَمّ ʕamm	الْعَمّ al-ʕamm	عَمّ ʕamm
Nominative	عَمٌّ ʕammun	الْعَمُّ al-ʕammu	عَمُّ ʕammu
Accusative	عَمًّا ʕamman	الْعَمَّ al-ʕamma	عَمَّ ʕamma
Genitive	عَمٍّ ʕammin	الْعَمِّ al-ʕammi	عَمِّ ʕammi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَمَّيْن ʕammayn	الْعَمَّيْن al-ʕammayn	عَمَّيْ ʕammay
Nominative	عَمَّانِ ʕammāni	الْعَمَّانِ al-ʕammāni	عَمَّا ʕammā
Accusative	عَمَّيْنِ ʕammayni	الْعَمَّيْنِ al-ʕammayni	عَمَّيْ ʕammay
Genitive	عَمَّيْنِ ʕammayni	الْعَمَّيْنِ al-ʕammayni	عَمَّيْ ʕammay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عُمُوم ʕumūm	الْعُمُوم al-ʕumūm	عُمُوم ʕumūm
Nominative	عُمُومٌ ʕumūmun	الْعُمُومُ al-ʕumūmu	عُمُومُ ʕumūmu
Accusative	عُمُومًا ʕumūman	الْعُمُومَ al-ʕumūma	عُمُومَ ʕumūma
Genitive	عُمُومٍ ʕumūmin	الْعُمُومِ al-ʕumūmi	عُمُومِ ʕumūmi

Descendants

→ Swahili: ami

Etymology 4

Noun

عَمٍ • (ʕamin) (masculine plural عَمُونَ (ʕamūna), feminine plural عَمِيَات (ʕamiyāt))

blind
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 27:66:
  بَلِ ٱدَّارَكَ عِلْمُهُمْ فِي ٱلْآخِرَةِ ۚ بَلْ هُمْ فِي شَكٍّ مِنْهَا ۖ بَلْ هُم مِنْهَا عَمُونَ
  bali ddāraka ʕilmuhum fī l-ʔāḵirati bal hum fī šakkin minhā bal hum minhā ʕamūna
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Declension of adjective عَمٍ (ʕamin)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	singular triptote in ـٍ (-in)		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	عَمِي ʕamī	الْعَمِي al-ʕamī	عَمِيَة ʕamiya	الْعَمِيَة al-ʕamiya
Nominative	عَمٍ ʕamin	الْعَمِي al-ʕamī	عَمِيَةٌ ʕamiyatun	الْعَمِيَةُ al-ʕamiyatu
Accusative	عَمِيًا ʕamiyan	الْعَمِيَ al-ʕamiya	عَمِيَةً ʕamiyatan	الْعَمِيَةَ al-ʕamiyata
Genitive	عَمٍ ʕamin	الْعَمِي al-ʕamī	عَمِيَةٍ ʕamiyatin	الْعَمِيَةِ al-ʕamiyati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	عَمِيَيْن ʕamiyayn	الْعَمِيَيْن al-ʕamiyayn	عَمِيَتَيْن ʕamiyatayn	الْعَمِيَتَيْن al-ʕamiyatayn
Nominative	عَمِيَانِ ʕamiyāni	الْعَمِيَانِ al-ʕamiyāni	عَمِيَتَانِ ʕamiyatāni	الْعَمِيَتَانِ al-ʕamiyatāni
Accusative	عَمِيَيْنِ ʕamiyayni	الْعَمِيَيْنِ al-ʕamiyayni	عَمِيَتَيْنِ ʕamiyatayni	الْعَمِيَتَيْنِ al-ʕamiyatayni
Genitive	عَمِيَيْنِ ʕamiyayni	الْعَمِيَيْنِ al-ʕamiyayni	عَمِيَتَيْنِ ʕamiyatayni	الْعَمِيَتَيْنِ al-ʕamiyatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	عَمِين ʕamīn	الْعَمِين al-ʕamīn	عَمِيَات ʕamiyāt	الْعَمِيَات al-ʕamiyāt
Nominative	عَمُونَ ʕamūna	الْعَمُونَ al-ʕamūna	عَمِيَاتٌ ʕamiyātun	الْعَمِيَاتُ al-ʕamiyātu
Accusative	عَمِينَ ʕamīna	الْعَمِينَ al-ʕamīna	عَمِيَاتٍ ʕamiyātin	الْعَمِيَاتِ al-ʕamiyāti
Genitive	عَمِينَ ʕamīna	الْعَمِينَ al-ʕamīna	عَمِيَاتٍ ʕamiyātin	الْعَمِيَاتِ al-ʕamiyāti

Etymology 5

Verb

عَمِّ • (ʕammi) (form II)

second-person masculine singular active imperative of عَمَّى (ʕammā)

Egyptian Arabic

Noun

عم • (ʿamm) m (feminine عمه (ʿamma), plural أعمام (ʾaʿmām))

paternal uncle (“brother of one's father”)
(informal) Term of address to an older person

North Levantine Arabic

Etymology 1

From Arabic عَمّ (ʕamm, “paternal uncle”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʕamm/

Noun

عم • (ʿamm) m (plural عموم (ʿmūm), feminine عمة (ʿamme))

paternal uncle
(informal, especially with vocative يا (yā)) term of address to an older person or stranger

Derived terms

عمو (ʕammu)

Etymology 2

Clipping of عَمَّال (ʕammāl), an earlier form related to the verb عمل (ʕimil, “to do”). See also مّا (mma).

Particle

عم • (ʿam(m) or ʿamma)

Used with a following imperfect verb to mark the present progressive tense.
عَمَّ بيِتسَاءَلُوا
ʿamma byitsāʾalu
They’re messing around.

شو عم تعمل؟ — عم إشرب قهوة
šū ʿam taʿmil? — ʿam ʾišrab ʾahwe.
What are you doing? — I’m drinking coffee.

Usage notes

Can be negated with either ما (mā) or مش (miš).
The distribution of the two pronunciations, as well as of the b-prefix on the verb, varies by speaker and region. (Note that neither of these variables has any bearing on the construction's meaning.) Common possibilities follow, demoed using the phrase "I'm eating, he's eating":
1. Verbs always appear with the prefix بـ (b-). Possibilities from here:
  1. عَم (ʕam) is used invariably: عَمْ باكل، عَمْ بياكل ― ʿam bākul, ʿam byākul
  2. عَم (ʕam) is used when the بـ (b-) precedes a vowel, and عَمَّ (ʕamma) when it precedes another consonant. This is to avoid a three-consonant cluster: عَمْ باكل، عَمَّ بياكل ― ʿam bākul, ʿamma byākul
2. Verbs use the indicative prefix بـ (b-) when it precedes a vowel, and omit it when it would precede a consonant. This too is to avoid a three-consonant cluster. Therefore, عَم (ʕam) is used invariably: عَمْ باكل، عَمْ ياكل ― ʿam bākul, ʿam yākul
3. Verbs never use the indicative prefix بـ (b-). Therefore, عَم (ʕam) is used invariably: عَمْ آكل، عَمْ ياكل ― ʿam ʾākul, ʿam yākul
These are not constants, however. Speakers will often alternate between the options presented, even sometimes preserving the عَمَّ (ʕamma) pronunciation unconditioned.

South Levantine Arabic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʕamm/,
Audio (Ramallah) (file)

Etymology 1

Root
ع م م
2 terms

From Arabic عَمّ (ʕamm).

Noun

عمّ • (ʕamm) m (plural عمام (ʕmām), feminine عمّة (ʕamme))

paternal uncle (father's brother)
Endearing form: عمّو (ʕammo)
father-in-law
Synonym: حما (ḥama)

Etymology 2

Clipping of عمّال (ʕammāl), an earlier form related to the verb عمل (ʕimil, “to do”).

Particle

عمّ • (ʕamm)

used to stress the ongoing nature of an action
عمّ بشرب قهوة.
ʕam bašrab ʔahwe.
I'm drinking coffee right now.

Usage notes

Although widely used, عمّ (ʕamm) is technically emphatic and thus optional; the present tense can already refer to continuous actions.
In theory, عمّ (ʕamm) would be followed by the present tense; however, the بـ (b-) non-past marker is usually elided to avoid a consonant cluster — yielding the subjunctive. However, note that the elision does not occur to 1st-person singular forms, and is optional in cases where بتـ is realized as bit- (e.g. bitsawwi). Likewise, the elision does not occur at all when عمّ is realized as ʕamma.

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