दृणाति

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dr̥náHti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dr̥náHti, from Proto-Indo-European *dr̥-néH-ti, from *der- (“to tear, split”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δέρω (dérō), Persian دریدن (daridan, “to tear”), Old Church Slavonic дьрати (dĭrati, “to tear”), Old English teran (whence English tear), Albanian zdraj (“to swell, make swell”).

Pronunciation

Verb

दृणाति • (dṛṇā́ti) third-singular indicative (class 9, type P, root दॄ)

  1. to tear, rend, rip
  2. to split open, divide, break
  3. to burst

Conjugation

Present: दृणाति (dṛṇā́ti)
Active Mediopassive
Singular Dual Plural Singular Dual Plural
Indicative
Third दृणाति
dṛṇā́ti 		दृणीतः
dṛṇītáḥ 		दृणन्ति
dṛṇánti 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
Second दृणासि
dṛṇā́si 		दृणीथः
dṛṇītháḥ 		दृणीथ
dṛṇīthá 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
First दृणामि
dṛṇā́mi 		दृणीवः
dṛṇīváḥ 		दृणीमः / दृणीमसि¹
dṛṇīmáḥ / dṛṇīmási¹ 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
Imperative
Third दृणातु
dṛṇā́tu 		दृणीताम्
dṛṇītā́m 		दृणन्तु
dṛṇántu 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
Second दृणीहि
dṛṇīhí 		दृणीतम्
dṛṇītám 		दृणीत
dṛṇītá 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
First दृणानि
dṛṇā́ni 		दृणाव
dṛṇā́va 		दृणाम
dṛṇā́ma 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
Optative/Potential
Third दृणीयात्
dṛṇīyā́t 		दृणीयाताम्
dṛṇīyā́tām 		दृणीयुः
dṛṇīyúḥ 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
Second दृणीयाः
dṛṇīyā́ḥ 		दृणीयातम्
dṛṇīyā́tam 		दृणीयात
dṛṇīyā́ta 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
First दृणीयाम्
dṛṇīyā́m 		दृणीयाव
dṛṇīyā́va 		दृणीयाम
dṛṇīyā́ma 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
Subjunctive
Third दृणात् / दृणाति
dṛṇā́t / dṛṇā́ti 		दृणातः
dṛṇā́taḥ 		दृणान्
dṛṇā́n 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
Second दृणाः / दृणासि
dṛṇā́ḥ / dṛṇā́si 		दृणाथः
dṛṇā́thaḥ 		दृणाथ
dṛṇā́tha 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
First दृणानि / दृणा
dṛṇā́ni / dṛṇā́ 		दृणाव
dṛṇā́va 		दृणाम
dṛṇā́ma 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
Participles
दृणत्
dṛṇát 		-
-
Notes
  • The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.
  • ¹Vedic
Imperfect: अदृणात् (ádṛṇāt)
Active Mediopassive
Singular Dual Plural Singular Dual Plural
Indicative
Third अदृणात्
ádṛṇāt 		अदृणीताम्
ádṛṇītām 		अदृणन्
ádṛṇan 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
Second अदृणाः
ádṛṇāḥ 		अदृणीतम्
ádṛṇītam 		अदृणीत
ádṛṇīta 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
First अदृणाम्
ádṛṇām 		अदृणीव
ádṛṇīva 		अदृणीम
ádṛṇīma 		-
- 		-
- 		-
-
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