rend

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See also: Rend

English

Etymology

From Middle English renden, from Old English rendan (to rend, tear, cut, lacerate, cut down), from Proto-West Germanic *(h)randijan (to tear), of uncertain origin. Believed by some to be the causative of Proto-Germanic *hrindaną (to push), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱret-, *kret- (to hit, beat), which would make it related to Old English hrindan (to thrust, push). Cognate with Scots rent (to rend, tear), Old Frisian renda (to tear).

Pronunciation

Verb

rend (third-person singular simple present rends, present participle rending, simple past and past participle rent or rended)

  1. (transitive) To separate into parts with force or sudden violence; to split; to burst.
    Powder rends a rock in blasting.
    Lightning rends an oak.
  2. (transitive, figurative) To violently disturb the peace of; to throw into chaos.
    • 1970, Alvin Toffler, Future Shock: Bantam Books, page 317:
      We are most vulnerable now to the messages of the new subcults, to the claims and counterclaims that rend the air.
  3. (transitive) To part or tear off forcibly; to take away by force; to amputate.
  4. (intransitive) To be rent or torn; to become parted; to separate; to split.
    Relationships may rend if tempers flare.

Derived terms

Translations

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Noun

rend (plural rends)

  1. A violent separation of parts.
    • 2002, John S. Anderson, A Daughter of Light, page xvi:
      She'd been in a couple of minor car accidents herself, and witnessed a few others, and the rend of metal was unforgettable.

Anagrams

Albanian

Etymology 1

An early loanword from a South Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *rędъ (row, line) with a preserved nasal. Compare Old Church Slavonic рѧдъ (rędŭ, line, order), Serbo-Croatian red (row), Bulgarian ред (red, row), and West Slavic descendant Polish rząd (row).

Pronunciation

Noun

rend m (plural rende, definite rendi, definite plural rendet)

  1. row, order, line
  2. turn
  3. class, category
Declension
Declension of rend
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative rend rendi rende rendet
accusative rendin
dative rendi rendit rendeve rendeve
ablative rendesh
Synonyms
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Proto-Albanian *renta, from *rena, akin to Gothic 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (rinnan) and Old Norse rinna (to run).

Verb

rend (aorist renda, participle rendur)

  1. (intransitive) to run (after), hurry (after)
    Synonym: gjëmoj
Conjugation

References

  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “rend”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 368
  2. ^ Omari, Anila (2012), "rend", in Marrëdhëniet gjuhësore shqiptaro-serbe, Tirana, Albania: Kristalina KH, page 250-251
  3. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “rend”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 386

Danish

Verb

rend

  1. imperative of rende

French

Pronunciation

Verb

rend

  1. third-person singular present indicative of rendre

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from a Slavic language. Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *rędъ. Compare Serbo-Croatian rȇd.

Pronunciation

Noun

rend (countable and uncountable, plural rendek)

  1. order (the state of being well-arranged)
  2. order (conformity with law or decorum; freedom from disturbance; general tranquillity; public quiet)
  3. order (a group of religious adherents, especially monks or nuns, set apart within their religion by adherence to a particular rule or set of principles)
    Synonym: szerzetesrend
  4. order (an association of knights)
    Synonym: lovagrend
  5. (biology, taxonomy) order (a category in the classification of organisms, ranking below class and above family; a taxon at that rank)
    Coordinate terms: törzs, osztály, család, nemzetség, (in zoology) nem, faj
  6. (historical) estate (a major social class or order of persons regarded collectively as part of the body politic of the country and formerly possessing distinct political rights (Estates of the realm))

Declension

Possessive forms of rend
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. rendem rendjeim
2nd person sing. rended rendjeid
3rd person sing. rendje rendjei
1st person plural rendünk rendjeink
2nd person plural rendetek rendjeitek
3rd person plural rendjük rendjeik

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ rend in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading