भ्रातृ

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See also: भारत, भुरति, भरति, भ्राता, and भारती

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit भ्रातृ (bhrātṛ). Doublet of भ्राता (bhrātā) and भाई (bhāī).

Pronunciation

Noun

भ्रातृ • (bhrātŕ) m (Urdu spelling بھراتر) (literary, rare)

  1. brother

Declension

Declension of भ्रातृ (masc r-stem)
singular plural
direct भ्रातृ
bhrātŕ 		भ्रातृ
bhrātŕ
oblique भ्रातृ
bhrātŕ 		भ्रातृओं
bhrātŕõ
vocative भ्रातृ
bhrātŕ 		भ्रातृओ
bhrātŕo

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰráHtā (“brother”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr (“brother”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬭𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (brātar), Ancient Greek φρᾱ́τηρ (phrā́tēr), Latin frater, Persian برادر (barâdar), Proto-Slavic *bràtrъ, English brother.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    भ्रातृ • (bhrā́tṛ) stem, m

    1. a brother
      • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.51.5:
        द्यौ॒ष् पितः॒ पृथि॑वि॒ मात॒र् अध्रु॒ग् अग्ने॑ भ्रातर् वसवो मृ॒ळता॑ नः।
        विश्व॑ आदित्या अदिते स॒जोषा॑ अ॒स्मभ्यं॒ शर्म॑ बहु॒लं वि य॑न्त॥
        dyauṣ pítaḥ pṛ́thivi mā́tar ádhrug ágne bhrātar vasavo mṛḷátā naḥ.
        víśva ādityā adite sajóṣā asmábhyaṃ śárma bahuláṃ ví yanta.
        Father Heaven, innocent mother Earth, brother Agni, and you, Vasus, grant us happiness; all you sons of Aditi, and you Aditi, alike well-pleased, bestow upon us ample felicity.
    2. (by extension) kinsman, relative
      1. cousin (especially paternal cousin)
    3. (figuratively) friend

    Usage notes

    Often used to designate a near relative or an intimate friend, especially as a term of friendly address.

    Declension

    Masculine ṛ-stem declension of भ्रातृ (bhrā́tṛ)
    Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative भ्राता
    bhrā́tā     		भ्रातरौ / भ्रातरा¹
    bhrā́tarau / bhrā́tarā¹     		भ्रातरः
    bhrā́taraḥ
    Vocative भ्रातः
    bhrā́taḥ     		भ्रातरौ / भ्रातरा¹
    bhrā́tarau / bhrā́tarā¹     		भ्रातरः
    bhrā́taraḥ
    Accusative भ्रातरम्
    bhrā́taram     		भ्रातरौ / भ्रातरा¹
    bhrā́tarau / bhrā́tarā¹     		भ्रातॄन्
    bhrā́tṝn
    Instrumental भ्रात्रा
    bhrā́trā     		भ्रातृभ्याम्
    bhrā́tṛbhyām     		भ्रातृभिः
    bhrā́tṛbhiḥ
    Dative भ्रात्रे
    bhrā́tre     		भ्रातृभ्याम्
    bhrā́tṛbhyām     		भ्रातृभ्यः
    bhrā́tṛbhyaḥ
    Ablative भ्रातुः
    bhrā́tuḥ     		भ्रातृभ्याम्
    bhrā́tṛbhyām     		भ्रातृभ्यः
    bhrā́tṛbhyaḥ
    Genitive भ्रातुः
    bhrā́tuḥ     		भ्रात्रोः
    bhrā́troḥ     		भ्रातॄणाम्
    bhrā́tṝṇām
    Locative भ्रातरि
    bhrā́tari     		भ्रात्रोः
    bhrā́troḥ     		भ्रातृषु
    bhrā́tṛṣu
    Notes
    • ¹Vedic

    Descendants

    References

    • Monier Williams (1899) “भ्रातृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 770/2.
    • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 280-1
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