सत्

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sat (Sanskrit)

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From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsáns ~ *Hsatás (“being, existing”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁sónts (“being, existing”). Equivalent to अस् (as, “to be”) +‎ -अत् (-at). Cognate with Old Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬧𐬙 (haṇt), Ancient Greek ὤν (ṓn), Latin prae-sēns (“present”), Old English sōþ.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ́t/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪ɐt̪/

सत् • (sát) present active participle (root अस्)

1. present participle of अस्ति (asti); being, existing, occurring, happening, being present
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.129.1:

     नास॑दासी॒न्नो सद्आ॒सीत्त॒दानीं॒ नासी॒द्रजो॒ नो व्यो॑मा प॒रो यत्। किमाव॑रीव॒: कुह॒ कस्य॒ शर्म॒न्नम्भ॒: किमा॑सी॒द्गह॑नं गभी॒रम्॥

     nā́sadāsīnnó sádāsī́ttadā́nīṃ nā́sīdrájo nó vyomā paró yát. kímā́varīva: kúha kásya śármannámbha: kímāsīdgáhanaṃ gabhīrám.

     Then was not non-existent nor existent: there was no realm of air, no sky beyond it.
     What covered in, and where? and what gave shelter? Was water there, unfathomed depth of water?

2. (with locative) abiding in
3. (with genitive) belonging to
4. living
5. lasting, enduring
6. real, actual, as any one or anything ought to be, true, good, right

सत् • (sát) stem, m

1. a being; (in the plural) beings, creatures
2. a good or wise man, a sage
3. good or honest or wise or respectable people

सत् • (sat) stem, n

1. entity or existence, essence
2. that which is good or real or true, reality, truth

• सती (satī́)
• सत्य (satyá)
• सत्त्व (sattvá)
• सत्कार (satkāra)
• सत्कृत्य (satkṛtya)
• सत्पति (satpati)
• सत्पथ (satpatha)
• सत्पुत्र (satputra)
• सत्फल (satphala)
• सत्संकल्प (satsaṃkalpa)

• Monier Williams (1899) “सत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1134.