स्पृ

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Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sper- (“to release, rescue, deliver, secure”). Cognate with English spare (“to show mercy”).

Some derive the "win" meanings from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to make money”), connecting them with पण् (paṇ, “to barter”), Ancient Greek πωλέω (pōléō, “I sell”), Old Irish renim (“I sell”), and Lithuanian pel̃nas (“profit, benefit”), and separate these from the "release, deliver" meanings; however, this is uncertain.

Turner alternatively suggests the root to be an s-extension of पृ (pṛ, “to bring”), with original meaning "to convey".

Pronunciation

Root

स्पृ • (spṛ)

  1. to release, extricate or deliver from
  2. to save, gain, win
  3. (causative स्पारयति) to attract to one's self, win
  4. to preserve, save, rescue
  5. to gladden, delight, gratify, bestow

Derived terms

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “स्पृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1268/3.
  • William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 196
  • Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “स्पृ”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
  • Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “स्पृ”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 69; 773-774; 775
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 538-539
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “phirati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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