於菟

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Chinese

in; at; to
in; at; to; from; by; than; out of; surname
 
 dodder; cuscuta
trad. (於菟) 於 菟
simp. #(於菟) 於 菟
alternative forms 於䖘
烏䖘／乌䖘

Etymology

於 is a prefix to indicate respect for the dangerous animal; compare 老 (lǎo, “old; venerable”) in 老虎 (lǎohǔ, “tiger”) (Schuessler, 2007). Alternatively, it may reflect the k initial in the Mon-Khmer etymon (Norman and Mei, 1976).

菟 is from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-la (“tiger”), from Proto-Austroasiatic *kla(ː)ʔ (“tiger”). Cognate with 虎 (OC *qʰlaːʔ, “tiger”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 於 菟
Reading # 2/2 1/2
Initial (聲) 影 (34) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 模 (23) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 哀都切 同都切
Baxter 'u du
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔuo/ /duo/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔuo/ /duo/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔo/ /do/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔɔ/ /dɔ/
Li
Rong 		/ʔo/ /do/
Wang
Li 		/u/ /du/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʔuo/ /dʱuo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		wū tú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		wu1 tou4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 於 菟
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 15810 12511
Phonetic
component 		於 兔
Rime
group 		魚 魚
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		烏 徒
Old
Chinese 		/*qaː/ /*daː/

Noun

於菟

  1. (obsolete, Old Chu) tiger

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 老虎 (“tiger”)
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 虎, 李父, 李耳, 於菟, 伯都
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 虎, 老虎
Taxonomic name 虎
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 老虎
Taiwan 老虎
Ulanhot 老虎, 山中王
Tongliao 老虎
Chifeng 老虎
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 老虎, 山中王
Harbin 老虎, 老虎媽子
Shenyang 老虎
Malaysia 老虎
Singapore 老虎
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 老虎
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 老虎
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 老虎
Wanrong 老虎
Zhengzhou 老虎
Xi'an 老虎
Xining 老虎
Xuzhou 老虎
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 老虎
Bayanhot 老虎
Lanzhou 老虎
Ürümqi 老虎
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 老虎, 大貓兒, 貓貓
Wuhan 老虎
Guiyang 老虎
Kunming 老虎
Guilin 老虎
Liuzhou 老虎
Nanning (Wuming) 老虎
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 老虎
Yangzhou 老虎
Hefei 老虎
Huanggang 老虎
Cantonese Guangzhou 老虎
Hong Kong 老虎
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 老虎
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 老虎
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 老虎
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 老虎
Macau 老虎
Guangzhou (Panyu) 老虎
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 老虎
Guangzhou (Conghua) 老虎
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 老虎
Foshan 老虎
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 老虎
Foshan (Shunde) 老虎
Foshan (Sanshui) 老虎
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 老虎
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 老虎
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 老虎
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 老虎
Zhuhai (Doumen) 老虎
Jiangmen (Baisha) 老虎
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 老虎
Taishan 老虎
Kaiping (Chikan) 老虎
Enping (Niujiang) 老虎
Heshan (Yayao) 老虎
Dongguan 老虎
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 老虎
Qingyuan 老虎
Fogang 老虎
Yingde (Hanguang) 老虎
Yangshan 老虎
Lianshan (Butian) 老虎
Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) 老虎
Shaoguan 老虎
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 老虎
Renhua 老虎
Lechang 老虎
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 老虎
Sihui 羅虎
Guangning 羅虎
Deqing 老虎
Huaiji 老虎
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 老虎
Yunfu 老虎
Xinxing 老虎
Luoding 老虎
Yunan (Pingtai) 老虎
Yangjiang 大蟲, 大貓, 老虎
Xinyi 老虎
Maoming (Xinpo) 大貓
Lianjiang 老虎
Wuchuan (Wuyang) 老虎
Nanning 老虎
Nanning (Tanka) 老虎
Wuzhou 老虎, 大蟲
Yulin 老虎, 大蟲
Hepu (Lianzhou) 老虎, 大蟲
Hepu (Shatian) 老虎
Guiping 老虎
Mengshan (Xihe) 老虎
Guigang (Nanjiang) 老虎
Beiliu (Tangliao) 大蟲
Baise 老虎
Bobai 老虎
Lingshan 大蟲
Pubei 大蟲
Qinzhou 老虎
Beihai 老虎
Beihai (Nankang) 老虎
Beihai (Yingpan) 老虎
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 老虎
Ningming 老虎
Hengzhou 老虎
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) 老虎
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 老虎
Danzhou 老虎
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 老虎
Singapore (Guangfu) 老虎
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 老虎
Móng Cái 老虎
Gan Nanchang 老虎
Lichuan 老虎
Pingxiang 老虎
Hakka Meixian 老虎
Dabu (Xihe) 老虎
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 老虎
Dongguan (Qingxi) 老虎
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 老虎
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 老虎
Wuhua (Huacheng) 老虎
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 老虎
Jiexi 老虎
Luhe 老虎
Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) 老虎
Yudu 老虎
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 老虎
Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) 老虎
Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) 老虎
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 老虎
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 老虎
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 老虎
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 老虎
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 老虎
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 老虎
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 老虎
Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) 老虎
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 虎, 老虎
Hong Kong 老虎
Luchuan (Daqiao) 大蟲
Sabah (Longchuan) 老虎
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) 老虎
Senai (Huiyang) 老虎
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 老虎
Singkawang 老虎
Huizhou Jixi 老虎
Fuliang 老虎
Jin Taiyuan 老虎
Pingyao 老虎
Xinzhou 老虎
Taibus (Baochang) 老虎
Linhe 老虎
Jining 老虎
Hohhot 老虎
Baotou 老虎
Dongsheng 老虎
Haibowan 老虎
Jiuxing Yumin Lanxi 老虎
Northern Min Jian'ou 老虎
Eastern Min Fuzhou 老虎
Fuqing 老虎
Matsu 老虎
Southern Min Xiamen 虎
Quanzhou 虎
Yongchun 虎
Zhangzhou 虎, 著災仔 dated, euphemistic
Zhao'an 老虎
Taipei 虎
New Taipei (Sanxia) 虎
Kaohsiung 虎
Yilan 虎
Changhua (Lukang) 虎
Taichung 虎
Taichung (Wuqi) 虎
Tainan 虎
Taitung 虎
Hsinchu 虎
Kinmen 虎
Penghu (Magong) 虎
Penang (Hokkien) 老虎
Singapore (Hokkien) 虎, 虎仔, 老虎, 伯公馬 dated
Manila (Hokkien) 虎
Medan (Hokkien) 老虎
Pingnan (Shangdu) 虎
Chaozhou 老虎
Haifeng 老虎
Bangkok (Teochew) 老虎
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 老虎
Singapore (Teochew) 老虎
Leizhou 虎, 大頭貓
Wenchang 老虎
Haikou 虎
Singapore (Hainanese) 老虎
Puxian Min Putian 老虎
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 老虎
Fuding (Aoyao) 老虎
Central Min Yong'an 老虎
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 老虎
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 老虎
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 老虎
Shehua Fu'an 老虎
Fuding 老虎
Luoyuan 老虎
Sanming 老虎
Shunchang 老虎
Hua'an 老虎
Guixi (Zhangping) 老虎
Cangnan 老虎
Jingning (Hexi) 老虎
Lishui 老虎
Longyou 老虎
Chaozhou 老虎
Fengshun 老虎
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 豹虎
Yuanling (Shaojiwan) 黃貓虎
Wu Shanghai 老虎
Shanghai (Chongming) 老虎
Suzhou 老虎
Wuxi 老虎
Danyang 老虎
Hangzhou 老虎
Ningbo 老虎
Wenzhou 老虎, 大貓
Jinhua 老虎
Xiang Changsha 老虎, 老蟲, 大蟲, 大貓, 爬山子
Loudi 老蟲, 山貓子
Shuangfeng 老蟲, 山貓兒
Hengyang 老虎
Quanzhou 老虎
Xiangnan Tuhua Jiangyong 虎
Dong'an 豹公
Yuebei Tuhua Shaoguan (Dacun, Baitu, Qujiang) 老虎
Shaoguan (Xiangyang, Xihe, Wujiang) 老虎
Shaoguan (Shibei, Xinshao, Zhenjiang) 老虎
Renhua (Zhoutian) 老虎
Renhua (Shitang) 老虎
Ruyuan (Songwei, Guitou) 老虎
Lechang (Changlai) 老虎
Lechang (Beixiang) 老虎
Lechang (Huangpu) 老虎
Lechang (Guitang, Pingshi) 老虎
Lechang (Sanxi) 老虎
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