液

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液 U+6DB2, 液
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DB2
← 涱
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 涳 →

Translingual

Han character

液 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水卜人大 (EYOK), four-corner 30147, composition ⿰氵夜)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 628, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17586
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1029, character 26
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1658, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+6DB2

Chinese

trad. 液
simp. # 液
alternative forms 洂

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 液
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (亦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
夜 *laːɡs
鵺 *laːɡs
迹 *ʔsleːɡ
跡 *ʔsleːɡ
亦 *laːɡ
弈 *laːɡ
奕 *laːɡ
帟 *laːɡ
腋 *laːɡ
掖 *laːɡ
焲 *laːɡ
液 *laːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *laːɡ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 夜 (OC *laːɡs) – a liquid, like water.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rjak (“oil; fat; grease”).

Pronunciation

Note: jat6 - rare.
Note:
  • sieo7 - vernacular;
  • ih7 - literary.
Note:
  • sio̍h - vernacular (“sweat-like secretions”);
  • e̍k/ia̍k - literary (“liquid; sap; thick broth; to cook something on slow fire”).
Note:
  • siêh8/sioh8 - vernacular;
  • êg8 - literary.
Rime
Character 液
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 昔 (123)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 羊益切
Baxter yek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jiᴇk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jiɛk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/iæk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jiajk̚/
Li
Rong 		/iɛk̚/
Wang
Li 		/jĭɛk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/i̯ɛk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jik6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 液
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yek ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ɢrAk/
English fluid

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 液
Reading # 1/1
No. 15003
Phonetic
component 		亦
Rime
group 		鐸
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		繹
Old
Chinese 		/*laːɡ/

Definitions

液

  1. liquid; fluid
    體液／体液  ―  tǐyè  ―  bodily fluid
  2. sap; juice
  3. a surname, Ye or Yi
  4. (Hokkien) sweat-like secretions (from one's hand, foot, etc.)
  5. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) thick broth extracted from food in slow fire
  6. (Quanzhou Hokkien) to cook something on slow fire; to extract something using heat

Synonyms

  • (liquid):
  • (to cook something on slow fire): 熬 (áo)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

液

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. liquid

Readings

  • Go-on: やく (yaku)
  • Kan-on: えき (eki, Jōyō)
  • Kun: しる (shiru, 液)

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
液
えき
Grade: 5
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 液 (yek, “liquid”).

Pronunciation

Noun

液(えき) • (eki) 

  1. liquid

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

液 (eumhun 진 액 (jin aek))

  1. hanja form? of 액 (“liquid”)

Vietnamese

Han character

液: Hán Nôm readings: giá, dịch, nhịch

  1. sap, juice, liquid, fluid
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