覆う

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
覆
おお
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
被う
蔽う
蓋う
掩う

Etymology

/opu pu/ → /opopu/ → /ofofu/ → */owou/ → /oːu/

From the Old Japanese verb 覆ふ (opu, “cover from above”) + ふ (-fu, auxiliary verb modifier, expressing repetition or ongoing state).[1]

Pronunciation

or


  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「覆う」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		覆う おおう
Imperative (命令形) 覆え おおえ
Key constructions
Passive 覆われる おおわれる
Causative 覆わせる おおわせる
Potential 覆える おおえる
Volitional 覆おう おおおー
Negative 覆わない おおわない
Negative perfective 覆わなかった おおわなかった
Formal 覆います おおいます
Perfective 覆った おおった
Conjunctive 覆って おおって
Hypothetical conditional 覆えば おおえば

Verb

覆(おお)う • (ōu) ←おほふ (ofofu)?transitive godan (stem 覆(おお)い (ōi), past 覆(おお)った (ōtta))

  1. to cover
    雲(くも)が東(とう)欧(おう)を覆(おお)う
    kumo ga Tōō o ōu
    clouds cover eastern Europe
    道(みち)は雪(ゆき)で覆(おお)われています
    michi wa yuki de ōwarete imasu
    the road is covered with snow
  2. to cover up, to conceal, to hide
    傷跡(きずあと)をメイクで覆(おお)う
    kizuato o meiku de ōu
    to cover up scars with makeup
    慌(あわ)てて両手(りょうて)で顔(かお)を覆(おお)おうとした。
    Awatete ryōte de kao o ōō toshita.
    In a panic I tried hiding my face in my hands.
  3. to permeate, to spread throughout
    音楽(おんがく)が部屋(へや)全体(ぜんたい)を覆(おお)う。
    Ongaku ga heya zentai o ōu.
    Music permeates the entire room.
  4. to include everything (Can we verify(+) this sense?)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "覆う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 覆わ おおわ ōwa
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 覆い おおい ōi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 覆う おおう ōu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 覆う おおう ōu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 覆え おおえ ōe
Meireikei ("imperative") 覆え おおえ ōe
Key constructions
Passive 覆われる おおわれる ōwareru
Causative 覆わせる
覆わす 		おおわせる
おおわす 		ōwaseru
ōwasu
Potential 覆える おおえる ōeru
Volitional 覆おう おおおう ōō
Negative 覆わない おおわない ōwanai
Negative continuative 覆わず おおわず ōwazu
Formal 覆います おおいます ōimasu
Perfective 覆った おおった ōtta
Conjunctive 覆って おおって ōtte
Hypothetical conditional 覆えば おおえば ōeba
Classical conjugation of "覆ふ" (ハ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 覆は おほは ofofa
Continuative (連用形) 覆ひ おほひ ofofi
Terminal (終止形) 覆ふ おほふ ofofu
Attributive (連体形) 覆ふ おほふ ofofu
Realis (已然形) 覆へ おほへ ofofe
Imperative (命令形) 覆へ おほへ ofofe
Key constructions
Negative 覆はず おほはず ofofazu
Contrasting conjunction 覆へど おほへど ofofedo
Causal conjunction 覆へば おほへば ofofeba
Conditional conjunction 覆はば おほはば ofofaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 覆ひき おほひき ofofiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 覆ひけり おほひけり ofofikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 覆ひつ おほひつ ofofitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 覆ひぬ おほひぬ ofofinu
Perfect-continuative tense 覆へり
覆ひたり		 おほへり
おほひたり		 ofoferi
ofofitari
Volitional 覆はむ おほはむ ofofamu

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Robert E. Morrell (2002) Early Kamakura Buddhism: A Minority Report (Nanzan Studies in Religion and Culture), Jain Publishing Company, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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