모질다

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Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 모〯딜다〮 (Yale: mwǒtìltá).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?mojilda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?mojilda
McCune–Reischauer?mojilda
Yale Romanization?mōcilta

Adjective

모질다 • (mojilda) (infinitive 모질어, sequential 모지니)

  1. harsh; cruel; heartless
    Synonym: 맵다 (maepda)
  2. severe; intense; strong
    Synonym: 맵다 (maepda)
    • 2003, “혼자가 아닌 나 (honjaga anin na) [I Am Not Alone]”, performed by 서영은 (Suh Young-eun):
      비가 와도 모진 바람 불어도 다시 햇살은 비추니까
      bi-ga wado mojin baram bureodo dasi haetsar-eun bichunikka
      Even if it rains and the wind blows heavily, the sun shines again
  3. stern; tough; tenacious

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 모질다 (mojilda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 모질다
mojilda 		모질어
mojireo 		모질어요
mojireoyo 		모집니다
mojimnida
Past 모질었다
mojireotda 		모질었어
mojireosseo 		모질었어요
mojireosseoyo 		모질었습니다
mojireotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 모지냐
mojinya 		모질어
mojireo 		모질어요
mojireoyo 		모집니까
mojimnikka
Past 모질었냐
mojireonnya 		모질었어
mojireosseo 		모질었어요
mojireosseoyo 		모질었습니까
mojireotseumnikka
Assertive 모질겠다
mojilgetda		 모질겠어
mojilgesseo		 모질겠어요
mojilgesseoyo		 모질겠습니다
mojilgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 모질어
mojireo		 모질어서
mojireoseo		 모지니
mojini		 모지니까
mojinikka
Contrast 모질지만
mojiljiman		 모진데
mojinde		 모질더니
mojildeoni
Conjunction 모질고
mojilgo
Condition 모질면
mojilmyeon		 모질어야
mojireoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 모짊
mojim		 모질기
mojilgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 모질었음
mojireosseum		 모질었기
mojireotgi
Determiners Present 모진
mojin
Future 모질
mojil


Sentence-final forms with honorific
Plain (해라체) Informal (해체) Polite (해요체) Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 모지시다
mojisida 		모지셔
mojisyeo 		모지세요, 모지셔요
mojiseyo, mojisyeoyo 		모지십니다
mojisimnida
Past 모지셨다
mojisyeotda 		모지셨어
mojisyeosseo 		모지셨어요
mojisyeosseoyo 		모지셨습니다
mojisyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 모지시냐
mojisinya 		모지셔
mojisyeo 		모지세요, 모지셔요
mojiseyo, mojisyeoyo 		모지십니까
mojisimnikka
Past 모지셨냐
mojisyeonnya 		모지셨어
mojisyeosseo 		모지셨어요
mojisyeosseoyo 		모지셨습니까
mojisyeotseumnikka
Assertive 모지시겠다
mojisigetda		 모지시겠어
mojisigesseo		 모지시겠어요
mojisigesseoyo		 모지시겠습니다
mojisigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 모지셔
mojisyeo		 모지셔서
mojisyeoseo		 모지시니
mojisini		 모지시니까
mojisinikka
Contrast 모지시지만
mojisijiman		 모지신데
mojisinde		 모지시더니
mojisideoni
Conjunction 모지시고
mojisigo
Condition 모지시면
mojisimyeon		 모지셔야
mojisyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 모지심
mojisim		 모지시기
mojisigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 모지셨음
mojisyeosseum		 모지셨기
mojisyeotgi
Determiners Present 모지신
mojisin
Future 모지실
mojisil
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