-inho

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• -im, -in', -in (pronunciation spellings)
• -zinho (-z- + -inho)

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese -ỹo, from Latin -īnus (“of or relating to”). Compare Italian -ino, French -in, both diminutive suffixes. Doublet of -ino.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -iɲu, (Brazil) -ĩɲu

Suffix

-inho m (noun-forming suffix, plural -inhos, feminine -inha, feminine plural -inhas)

1. forms the diminutive of nouns; -ie; -y; -ling; -let

   Synonym: see :Category:Portuguese diminutive suffixes

   1. indicates smallness, shortness, youth, fewness, etc.

      ‎casa (“house”) + ‎-inha → ‎casinha (“small house”)

      ‎criança (“child”) + ‎-inha → ‎criancinha (“young child”)

      ‎texto (“text”) + ‎-inho → ‎textinho (“short text”)

      ‎pipoca (“popcorn”) + ‎-inha → ‎pipoquinha (“a small portion of popcorn”)

      Synonyms: -culo, -ete, -ito, -ulo

      Antonym: -ão

   2. belittles the suffixed noun; -let

      ‎time (“sports team”) + ‎-inho → ‎timinho (“a bad sports team”)

      ‎país (“country; nation”) + ‎-inho → ‎paisinho (“a country of little importance; a powerless country”)

      Synonyms: -culo, -eco, -ilho

   3. indicates affection; -ie; -y

      ‎cachorro (“dog”) + ‎-inho → ‎cachorrinho (“doggy”)

      ‎terra (“homeland”) + ‎-inho → ‎terrinha (“land; country”)

Suffix

-inho (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -inha, masculine plural -inhos, feminine plural -inhas)

1. (somewhat informal) forms the diminutive of adjectives and adverbs, roughly equivalent to English somewhat or kind of

   Synonym: meio

   ‎grande (“big”) + ‎-inho → ‎grandinho (“somewhat big”)

Suffix

-inho (adjective-like pronoun-forming suffix, feminine -inha, masculine plural -inhos, feminine plural -inhas)

1. (informal) forms the diminutive of pronouns
   1. indicates smallness

      ‎aquele (“that one”) + ‎-z- -inho → ‎aquelezinho (“that small one”)

      Synonym: mesmo

   2. intensifies or emphasises personal pronouns

      ‎eu (“I”) + ‎-z- -inho → ‎euzinho (“I … myself”)

Suffix

-inho

1. (Brazil, colloquial, regional) forms the diminutive of gerunds, indicating a lack of intensity or seriousness

   ‎chovendo (“raining”) + ‎-inho → ‎chovendinho (“drizzling”)

   ‎namorando (“dating”) + ‎-inho → ‎namorandinho (“having an uncommitted romantic relationship”)

Usage notes

• In some suffixed words that have unusual endings (notably plural -ões and feminine -o), the suffix does not necessarily replace the final element:
  • ‎leões (“lions”) + ‎-inho → ‎leõezinhos (“lion cubs”) (alongside dated leãozinhos)
  • ‎foto (“photo, f.”) + ‎-inh(a) → ‎fotinho (“little photo, f.”) (alongside proscribed fotinha)
• -inho, -ão and -mente consistently do not alter vowel quality in the root:
  • ‎certo (“accurate”) + ‎-inho → ‎certinho (“precisely correct (with /ɛ/)”) (compare certeiro, with /e/ or /ɨ/)

Derived terms