Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čitati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *čisti, *čьtǫ + *-ati. Compare with Latgalian skaiteit, Latvian skaitīt, Lithuanian skaityti, Samogitian skaitītė.
Verb
- to count (determine the total number of)
- Synonym: *ličiti
- to divine
- to read (to interpret, or infer a meaning, significance, thought, intention)
- to pay attention, to pay heed, to notice, to perceive, to comprehend, to understand
- to honour, to worship, to esteem, to respect
Conjugation
Conjugation of *čitati, *čita, *čitajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *čitanьje | *čitati | *čitatъ | *čitalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *čitanъ | *čitajemъ |
| Active | *čitavъ | *čitaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *čitaxъ | *čita | *čita | *čitajǫ | *čitaješi | *čitajetь |
| Dual | *čitaxově | *čitasta | *čitaste | *čitajevě | *čitajeta | *čitajete |
| Plural | *čitaxomъ | *čitaste | *čitašę | *čitajemъ | *čitajete | *čitajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *čitaaxъ | *čitaaše | *čitaaše | — | *čitaji | *čitaji |
| Dual | *čitaaxově | *čitaašeta | *čitaašete | *čitajivě | *čitajita | — |
| Plural | *čitaaxomъ | *čitaašete | *čitaaxǫ | *čitajimъ | *čitajite | — |
Derived terms
- *počitati (“to honour”)
- *začitati (“to accept, to respect”)
- *sъčitati (“to regard, to consider”)
- *jьzčitati (“to read over”)
- *perčitati (“to re-read”)
- *čitateľь (“reader”)
- *čitařь (“professional reader”)
- *čitadlo (“reading instrument”)
- *čitаlъkа (“reading room”)
- *čitаlišče (“lyceum”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: citi
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*čitati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 90: “v. ‘read, count’”
- ^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “čisti”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 206
- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čitati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 123
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “чита́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress