Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kyta
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Disputed:
- Snoj (SES), Trubačev (ESSJa) interpret it as a resultant noun of *kyti (“to forge”) + *-ta, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂- (“to hew, to strike”) or *keh₁w- (“to swing”).
- Bernecker, Vasmer, Sławski presume origin from pre-Slavic *kypta < Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewp- (“to pluck”), related to Proto-Slavic *čupъ (“crest”), *kupъ (“heap”).
- Urbutis relates it to Lithuanian kū̃tė (“hideout, shelter”), kutỹs (“purse”), Latvian kūts (“hut”), from proposed Proto-Balto-Slavic *kuntāˀ, *kuntis. Further origin either from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to cover, to wrap”) (cf. Ancient Greek σκῦτος (skûtos, “skin”)) or from the root for forging as above.
Noun
Declension
Declension of *kyta (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kyta | *kỳtě | *kỳty |
| genitive | *kỳty | *kỳtu | *kỳtъ |
| dative | *kỳtě | *kỳtama | *kỳtamъ |
| accusative | *kỳtǫ | *kỳtě | *kỳty |
| instrumental | *kỳtojǫ, *kỳtǭ** | *kỳtama | *kỳtamī |
| locative | *kỳtě | *kỳtu | *kỳtasъ, *kỳtaxъ* |
| vocative | *kỳto | *kỳtě | *kỳty |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *kytiti (“to bunch up”)
- *kystь (“bundle, brush”)
- *kytъka, *kytica (diminutive)
- *kytina (augmentative)
- *kytajь (“inflorescence, decoration”)
Related terms
- *kupъ (“pile, heap”)
- *kuča (“stack”)
- *kustъ (“bush, shrub”)
- *kytъ (“sheaf, decoration”)
- *kyka (“pigtail”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “kyta”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 155)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “kita”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *ky̋ta”
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kyta”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 279
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кита”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “кита”, in Етимологічний словник української мови (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 439
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “китa¹, кита²”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 393
- “kūtė”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė, 2007–2012