Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xvostъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From a dubious root + *-stъ. Proposed etymologies include:
- From Proto-Indo-European *ksew- (“to scrape, to trim”), akin to Proto-Slavic *xusta (“neckpiece, headscarf”).
- From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂w- (“to waver, to flicker”), akin to Latin cauda (“tail”), possibly Lithuanian kuõdas (“tuft”). Favoured by Mladenov.
Sometimes compared with Proto-Germanic *kwastuz (“tassel”) (as per Machek, Sławski, Vaillant), even though formally incompatible.
Noun
Declension
Declension of *xvòstъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *xvòstъ | *xvostà | *xvostì |
| genitive | *xvostà | *xvostù | *xvòstъ |
| dative | *xvostù | *xvostòma | *xvostòmъ |
| accusative | *xvòstъ | *xvostà | *xvostỳ |
| instrumental | *xvostъ̀mь, *xvostòmь* | *xvostòma | *xvòsty |
| locative | *xvostě̀ | *xvostù | *xvòstěxъ |
| vocative | *xvoste | *xvostà | *xvostì |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *xvostati (“to lash, to gush”)
- *xvosta (collective)
- *xvostьcь (diminutive)
- *xvostuxa (“animal with fluffy tail”)
- *xvoščь (“bunch, cluster; snake grass (plant)”)
- *xvostatъ (relative adjective)
Related terms
- *xvastъ (“boast”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “хвост”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xvostъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 133
References
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “xvostъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b hale (PR 134)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “hosta”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *xvȍstъ”