Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bīrle

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *bīr (“one”) +‎ *-le (“adverbial suffix”). Also akin to *birge and *birče with similar meaning.

Preposition

*bīrle

with

Adverb

*bīrle

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: пӗрле (pĕrle, “together”), -пе (-pe), -па (-pa)
Common Turkic: *birle

Arghu:
- Khalaj: bilə, -la, -lə
Oghuz:
- Proto-Oghuz: *bile (“together”), *-ile, *-ïla (“with”)
  - Old Anatolian Turkish: ایله (ile), اِیلَنْ (ilen), بیله (bile), برله (birle), ـله (-ile, -ıla)
    - Azerbaijani: belə (“even”), ilə, -la, -lə, ilən, -nən, -nan (“with”)
    - Gagauz: bilä (“together”), -län, -lan (“with”)
    - Ottoman Turkish: ایله (ile), برله (birle), بیله (bile), ایلن (ilen), ـله (-le, -la)
      - Turkish: ile, -le, bile, (dialectal) -len
  - Salar: bili (“together”), -la (“with”)
  - Turkmen: bilen (“together; with”)
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: (birlä, bilä)
  - Chagatai: بلن, برلە (bilän, birlä)
    - Uyghur: بىلەن (bilen)
    - Uzbek: bilan
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: менән (menən)
  - Tatar: белән (belän)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: ile
  - Karachay-Balkar: бла (bla)
  - Kumyk: булан (bulan)
- South Kipchak:
  - Karakalpak: менен
  - Kazakh: мен (men)
  - Nogai: мен (men)
- East Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: менен (menen)
  - Southern Altai: мынаҥ (mïnaŋ)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: (birle)
- Old Uyghur: (birlä)
- South Siberian:
  - Tuvan: -биле (-bile), биле (bile)
  - Western Yugur: pli

References

^ Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation‎, volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 403

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 364-365
Sevortjan, E. V. (1978) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Nauka, pages 140-142
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bile (bula)”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

[1] Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation‎, volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 403