Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/sẹ
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
Comparable to Proto-Tungusic *si (“you”) and maybe Proto-Mongolic *či (“you”), under the discarded Altaic theory. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
The Common Turkic form *sen is a result of back formation from the oblique stem *sẹn- with the pronominal-n, compare *bẹ.
Pronoun
*sẹ
Declension
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | *sẹ |
| accusative | *sẹni |
| genitive | *sẹniŋ |
| dative | *saŋa |
| locative | *sẹnte |
| ablative | *sẹnten |
| allative 1) | *saŋaru |
| instrumental 1) | *sẹnin |
| equative 1) | *sẹnče |
| similative 1) | *sẹnleyü |
| comitative 1) | *sẹnligü |
1) The original allative, instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
Postposition
*sẹ
- Denotes "to be" for second person singular/plural when at the end of an object; are
- Denotes second person singular or plural after various tenses
Related terms
- *siŕ (“you”)
Descendants
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: sən
- Oghuz:
- Karluk
- Kipchak:
- Kipchak-Bulgar:
- Kipchak-Cuman:
- Kipchak-Nogai:
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
- Siberian Turkic:
References
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*si”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “sen”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 831