Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fōlijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; presumably related to Old Norse falma (“to grope, feel; to be astonished”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *fōlijaną,^[1]^[2] secondary causative of strong verb *falaną, perhaps from either Proto-Indo-European *pólh₁-e ~ *pl̥h₁-ḗr or *ph₁l-é-ti, from *pelh₁- (“to stroke”). Possibly cognate with Latin palpō (“to stroke, soothe”), Ancient Greek πάλλω (pállō, “to sway, swing”), ψηλᾰφᾰ́ω (psēlapháō, “to feel, grope for”).^[3]

Verb

*fōlijan^[4]^[3]

to feel
to taste

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*fōlijan
1st sg. past	*fōlidā
Infinitive	*fōlijan
Genitive infin.	*fōlijannjas
Dative infin.	*fōlijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*fōlijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*fōliju	*fōlidā
2nd singular	*fōlisi	fōlidēs, fōlidōs
3rd singular	*fōliþi	fōlidē, fōlidā
1st plural	*fōlijum	*fōlidum
2nd plural	*fōliþ	*fōlidud
3rd plural	*fōlijanþ	*fōlidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*fōlijē	*fōlidī
2nd singular	*fōlijēs	*fōlidī
3rd singular	*fōlijē	*fōlidī
1st plural	*fōlijēm	*fōlidīm
2nd plural	*fōlijēþ	*fōlidīd
3rd plural	*fōlijēn	*fōlidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*fōli
Plural	*fōliþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*fōlijandī	*fōlid

Descendants

Old English: fēlan, fœ̄lan
- Middle English: felen
  - English: feel
  - Scots: fele
Old Frisian: fēla
- North Frisian: feel
- Saterland Frisian: fäile
- West Frisian: fiele
Old Saxon: *fōlian
- Middle Low German: vôlen, völen
  - German Low German: föhlen
  - → Norwegian: føle
  - → Danish: føle
Old Dutch: *fuolen
- Middle Dutch: voelen
  - Dutch: voelen
    - Afrikaans: voel
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: fulu
    - Negerhollands: voel, ful
  - Limburgish: vuuele, veule
Old High German: fuolen, fuoljan, fuolōn
- Middle High German: vüelen
  - Central Franconian: föhle, vöhle, fehle, fiehle
  - Bavarian: fuin, fühn
  - Cimbrian: füulan
  - German: fühlen
  - Luxembourgish: fillen

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*fōljan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 150-151
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*fōljanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 109
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Boutkan, Dirk, Siebinga, Sjoerd (2005) “fela 1”, in Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 1), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 103: “*fōlijanaN (P(W)Gmc.)”
^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “fühlen”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 235: “wg. *fōl-ija-”

[1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*fōljan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 150-151

[2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*fōljanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 109

[OFED-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Boutkan, Dirk, Siebinga, Sjoerd (2005) “fela 1”, in Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 1), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 103: “*fōlijanaN (P(W)Gmc.)”

[4] Friedrich Kluge (1989) “fühlen”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 235: “wg. *fōl-ija-”

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