User:Malku H₂n̥rés/Proto-Berber/Not bad reconstructions

This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Useful

Appendix:Berber Swadesh lists

Language codes correspondences

Van Putten : Wiktionary

sus. : shi
cab. : kab
che., chen. : cnu
nef. : jbn
ber., tam. : tzm
auy., awy. : auj
fig. : Ø
gad. : gha
siw. : siz
cha. : shy
rif. : rif
mez. : mzb
gua., guar. : Ø
cen. (what?) : Ø
zen. : zen
izn. : Ø
tu. : tmh
tu. ah., tu. aha., aha. : thv
tu. tan., tu. ad. : taq
tu. ul. : ttq
tu. ay. : thz
sen. : sjs
zua. : ber-zuw
Timimún : Ø
Ghomara : gho
Ghat (as Gat) : tmh-ght
seg. : Ø
foc. : ber-fog
(Mzab-Wargla: Figuig, Mzab, Wargla)

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight:
  - Moroccan Amazigh:
  - Tashelhit:
- Northwest Moroccan:
  - Ghomara:
  - Senhaja De Srair:
- Kabyle:
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
  - Figuig
  - Ayt Seghrouchen
  - Ayt ~Warain
  - Ayt Iznasen
- Algerian:
  - Tachawit:
  - Northwestern:
    - Chenoua:
    - Beni Snus
    - Beni Menacer
    - Metmata
  - Northern Saharan Berber: (Mzab, Ouargla)
  - Guraga (Timinun)
- Eastern Zenati:
  - Jerba
  - Tunisian Berber: (Duiret, Tamezret, Sened, Guelala), Guazin (Libya)
  - Zuwara:
  - Jefren
  - Libyan:
    - Sokna:
    - Fogaha:
  - Siwi:
Tuareg:
- Tamahaq: (Ahaggar)
- Tamasheq: (Adagh, Taneslemt)
- Tamajaq:
  - Tawellemmet:
  - Tayert:
  - Tudalt
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 647: Parameter 1 must be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "tmh-ght" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF. (and Janet?)
Ghadames and Nefusa:
- Ghadames:
- Nefusa:
Awjila:
Eastern:
- Tetserret:
- Zenaga:
Para-Berber:
- Guanche:
- Numidian:

Ash (again!)

Noun

*t-irrəɣ-t f (plural *t-irǵ-en)

ash

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight:
  - Tashelhit: tirgitt, plural tirgin
- Northwest Moroccan:
  - Senhaja De Srair: tirrixit, plural tirriɣin, tirɣit, plural tirɣin
- Kabyle:
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
  - Figuig: tiṛṛəɣt, plural tiṛɣin
- Algerian:
  - Northwestern:
    - Chenoua: hiržətt, plural hiržin
Ghadames and Nefusa:
- Nefusa: tirrəžt, plural tiržin

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, page 253

Lover

Noun

*a-m-ăβrə́ʔ or *a-m-ăβrəʔ-ŭ m

lover

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵉ (imiri)
  - Tashelhit:
- Kabyle:
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
Tuareg: emărh(i)
- Tamahaq: e-mări (Ahaggar)
- Tamasheq: e-mărh (Adagh)
Eastern:
- Zenaga: īri(ʔ) (“to love”)

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, pages 280, 302

To pluck

Verb

*əssənšəf

to pluck (remove feathers)

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵏⵛⴼ (ncf)
  - Tashelhit:
- Kabyle:
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
  - Siwi: šənšəf
Tuareg:
- Tamahaq: ənğəf (Ahaggar)
- Tamajaq:
  - Tawellemmet: ənzəf
  - Tayert: əngəf
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 647: Parameter 1 must be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "tmh-ght" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF.

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, page 258

Scorpion

Noun

*ta-ɣardăm-t f

scorpion

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight:
  - Tashelhit: ⵉⵖⵉⵔⴷⵎ (iɣirdm)
- Kabyle: iɣirdem
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
Tuareg:
- Tamahaq: teẓerdəmt, eɣərdəm (Ahaggar)
- Tamajaq:
  - Tawellemmet: tăẓarḍəmt (“large species of scorpions”)
Ghadames and Nefusa:
- Ghadames: tašarḍămt

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, page 254

Slave

Noun

*a-săm-V̆ɣ m (plural *i-sŭmǵ-an)

slave

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight:
  - Tashelhit: ⵉⵙⵎⵅ (ismx), ⵉⵙⵎⴳ (ismg), plural ⵉⵙⵎⴳⴰⵏ (ismgan)
- Kabyle:
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
  - Figuig: išməž
- Algerian:
  - Northern Saharan Berber: išməž (Mzab), išməž (Ouargla)
Timimún (really, idk how to classify this one): asməɣ (free, liberated), ižəmž (black)

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, page 253

Rat

Noun

*aɣərda or *agərdi m

rat

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight:
  - Tashelhit: ⴰⵖⵔⴷⴰ (aɣrda)
- Kabyle: aɣerda
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
  - Figuig: aɣərda
- Eastern Zenati:
  - Zuwara: gurdi
  - Siwi: agərdi
Ghadames and Nefusa:
- Nefusa: gərdi

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, page 253

To tremble, to shake

Verb

*ərgig(i)

to tremble, to shake

Note

I think there's final -i (< -əβ?). I may be wrong.

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight:
  - Tashelhit:
- Kabyle: rgigi
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
  - Figuig: ržiž
- Algerian:
  - Northern Saharan Berber: ržiži (Mzab)
Awjila: ərgig

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, page 249

Sickle

Noun

*a-mǵŭr m (plural *i-mŭǵr-an)

sickle, reap(ing) hook

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight: ⴰⵎⴳⵯⵔ (amgʷr)
  - Tashelhit: ⵉⵎⴳⵔ (imgr)
- Kabyle: amgr
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
- Algerian:
  - Tachawit: amžər, plural iməgran

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, page 250

Lament, wail

Noun

*agəgdur m

lament, wail

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight: ⴰⴳⵊⴷⵓⵔ (agjdur)
  - Tashelhit:
- Kabyle: ageždur
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
  - Ayt Iznasen: ayəždur
- Algerian:
  - Northern Saharan Berber: agəždur (Ouargla)

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, page 252

Grasshopper

Noun

*ta-ʔ(V̆)murɣ-e f

grasshopper

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵕⵖⵉ (tamuṛɣi)
  - Tashelhit: ⵜⴰⵎⵎⵓⵕⵖⵉ (tammuṛɣi)
- Kabyle:
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
  - Figuig: tmuṛɣi
Ghadames and Nefusa:
- Ghadames: tomarše

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, page 254

Murderer

Alternative reconstructions

*a-măɣnVʔ possibly (p. 267)
*a-mănɣə́ʔ or *a-mănɣəʔ-ŭ (p. 280)
*a-mănɣə́ʔ, plural *i-mănɣaʔ-ăn (p. 294)
*a-m-ănɣəʔ (p. 302)

Noun

*a-măɣnəʔ m

murderer, assassin

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ (imnɣi), ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵏ (imnɣan)
  - Tashelhit: ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ (imnɣi)
- Kabyle:
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
Tuareg: emăɣni, emănɣi
Eastern:
- Zenaga: əmiʔniʔ

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, pages 267, 280, 294, 302

Grandchild, cousin

Noun

*aβăya(w) m

grandchild, cousin

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight:
  - Tashelhit: ⴰⵢⵢⴰⵡ (ayyaw)
- Kabyle: ayaw
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
  - Ayt Iznasen: ayyaw
Tuareg: ahăya

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, page 270

Summer

Noun

*anăβdu m

summer

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight:
  - Tashelhit: ⴰⵏⴱⴷⵓ (anbdu)
- Kabyle: anebdu
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit: anebdu
  - Figuig: anəbdu
Tuareg: tanăbdott (“hunger”)

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, page 270

Liver

Noun

*ta-ʔsa f

liver

Note

The final -(h) in Zenaga can't be explained by a final -β in PB, bc if would've been preserved in Ghadames (Perhaps this note isn't even relevant).

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight:
  - Tashelhit:
- Kabyle:
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit: tsa
- Eastern Zenati:
  - Siwi: tsa
Ghadames and Nefusa:
- Ghadames: tósa
- Nefusa: tusá
Eastern:
- Zenaga: taʔšä(h) (/⁠taʔša⁠/)

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN, page 277

Sense

Etymology

POS

*head

]

Descendants

West Moroccan:
- South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
  - Central Atlas Tamazight:
  - Tashelhit:
- Kabyle:
Zenati:
- Moroccan:
  - Tarifit:
  - Figuig:
  - Ayt Seghrouchen:
  - Ayt Iznasen:
- Algerian:
  - Northwestern:
    - Chenoua:
  - Northern Saharan Berber: (Mzab, Ouargla)
- Eastern Zenati:
  - Zuwara:
  - Siwi:
Tuareg:
- Tamahaq: (Ahaggar)
- Tamasheq: (Adagh, Taneslemt)
- Tamajaq:
  - Tawellemmet:
  - Tayert:
  - Tudalt:
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 647: Parameter 1 must be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "tmh-ght" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF. (and Janet?)
Ghadames and Nefusa:
- Ghadames:
- Nefusa:
Awjila:
Eastern:
- Zenaga:
Para-Berber:
- Guanche:
- Numidian:

References

van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN

Useful

Language codes correspondences

Descendants

Ash (again!)

Noun

Descendants

References

Lover

Noun

Descendants

References

To pluck

Verb

Descendants

References

Scorpion

Noun

Descendants

References

Slave

Noun

Descendants

References

Rat

Noun

Descendants

References

To tremble, to shake

Verb

Note

Descendants

References

Sickle

Noun

Descendants

References

Lament, wail

Noun

Descendants

References

Grasshopper

Noun

Descendants

References

Murderer

Alternative reconstructions

Noun

Descendants

References

Grandchild, cousin

Noun

Descendants

References

Summer

Noun

Descendants

References

Liver

Noun

Note

Descendants

References

Sense

Etymology

POS

Descendants

References

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia