język

Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word język. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word język, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say język in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word język you have here. The definition of the word język will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition ofjęzyk, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
See also: jezyk, jězyk, ježyk, jeżyk, and Jeżyk

Old Polish

Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ęzykъ. First attested in c. 1301–1350.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /jæ̃zik/
    • IPA(key): (15th CE) /jæ̃zik/

    Noun

    język m inan

    1. (attested in Greater Poland) tongue (flexible muscular organ in the mouth that is used to move food around, for tasting and that is moved into various positions to modify the flow of air from the lungs in order to produce different sounds in speech)
      • 1915 , Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543, page 536:
        Na thym drzewye grzeschne zwyeschano, ydny za nogy, ... a pyathe za yazyky
        dny za nogy, ... a piąte za języki]
      • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 75v:
        Lingua ein zung yązyk
    2. (figuratively, attested in Lesser Poland) tongue; speech (means of communication)
      • 1939 , Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego , pages 5, 11:
        Grob otworzoni iest gich gardlo, iøzikmi swimi (linguis suis) lszywe sø czinili
    3. (attested in Lesser Poland) language (body of words, and set of methods of combining them (called a grammar), understood by a community and used as a form of communication)
    4. (attested in Silesia) nation, tribe
    5. (attested in Greater Poland) tongue (any long object resembling a tongue, particularly of a scale for weighing)
      • 1908 , Bolesław Erzepki, editor, Przyczynki do średniowiecznego słownictwa polskiego. I. Glosy polskie wpisane do łacińsko-niemieckiego słownika drukowanego w roku 1490, Lubiń, page 25:
        Yązyk v vagy scrutinia id est lingua libre
      • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 122r:
        Scrutinia id est lingua libre eyner wage zunge yązyk v vagy
    6. bay, gulf
      • 1901 , Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 32:
        Yąnzykowy lingua (initium eius, sc. sortis, a summitate maris salsissimi et a lingua eius, sc. maris, quae respicit meridiem Jos 15, 2)
    7. mouse-ear hawkweed (Pilosella officinarum)
      • 1900 , Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 5257:
        Høssorovi yøszik pilosella

    Derived terms

    adjectives

    Descendants

    • Polish: język, jezyk (Far Masovian, Kolno)
    • Silesian: jynzyk

    References

    Polish

    Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia pl
    Język (sense 1)

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

      Inherited from Old Polish język. Cognate with English tongue and language.

      Pronunciation

       
      • IPA(key): /ˈjɛw̃.zɘk/, /ˈjɛn.zɘk/
      • Audio 1:(file)
      • Audio 2:(file)
      • Rhymes: -ɛw̃zɘk
      • Syllabification: ję‧zyk

      Noun

      język m inan (diminutive języczek, augmentative jęzor, related adjective językowy, abbreviation j. or jęz.)

      1. tongue (flexible muscular organ in the mouth that is used to move food around, for tasting and that is moved into various positions to modify the flow of air from the lungs in order to produce different sounds in speech; generally a human's but also sometimes an animal's)
        Synonym: ozór
      2. (by extension) tongue (anything long resembling a tongue)
        1. tongue (long flap of a shoe)
        2. (obsolete) part of a plow
        3. (obsolete) shape of tied handkerchief resembling a tongue
      3. (Przemyśl, agriculture) part of a box for cutting chaff
        1. (Middle Polish, figuratively) flame (visible part of fire)
          Synonym: płomień
        2. (Middle Polish) uvula
          Synonym: języczek
        3. (Middle Polish) bay, gulf
          Synonym: zatoka
      4. language, tongue (body of words, and set of methods of combining them (called a grammar), understood by a community and used as a form of communication)
        Synonym: mowa
      5. language (subject teaching a manner of speech in education)
      6. language (sublanguage: the slang of a particular community or jargon of a particular specialist field)
        Synonym: mowa
      7. language (expression of thought (the communication of meaning) in a specified way; that which communicates something, as language does; i.e. of film or body language)
        Near-synonym: styl
      8. (programming) language (computer language; a machine language)
      9. (archaic) tongue; interrogatee (prisoner captured to obtain information about the enemy)
      10. (Middle Polish) defender (person speaking in favor of someone's name)
      11. (obsolete, printing) bottom of a scoop
      12. (Middle Polish) nation
        Synonym: naród

      Declension

      Derived terms

      adjectives
      adjectives

      Trivia

      According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), język is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 57 times in scientific texts, 8 times in news, 14 times in essays, 21 times in fiction, and 11 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 111 times, making it the 551st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

      References

      1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “język”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 166

      Further reading