nhe'eng

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Old Tupi

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɲɛˈʔɛ̃ŋ/
  • Rhymes: -ɛ̃ŋ
  • Hyphenation: nhe‧'eng

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *jeʔeŋ (“to speak”), from Proto-Tupian *weʔeŋ (“to speak”).

Cognate with Paraguayan Guaraní ñe'ẽ.

Verb

nhe'eng (first-person singular active indicative anhe'eng, first-person singular negative active indicative nanhe'engi, noun nhe'enga) (intransitive)

  1. (with supé) to speak, to talk
    Peró supé oronhe'eng.
    We talked to the Portuguese.
  2. (with supé) to answer
  3. (with supé) to salute
  4. (with esé) to intercede
  5. (about animals) to cry
  6. to buzz
Conjugation
    Conjugation of nhe'eng (intransitive, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative anhe'eng erenhe'eng onhe'eng oronhe'eng îanhe'eng penhe'eng
Permissive t'anhe'eng t'erenhe'eng t'onhe'eng t'oronhe'eng t'îanhe'eng ta penhe'eng
Imperative enhe'eng penhe'eng
Negative indicative n'anhe'engi n'erenhe'engi n'onhe'engi n'oronhe'engi n'îanhe'engi na penhe'engi
Negative permissive t'anhe'eng umẽ t'erenhe'eng umẽ t'onhe'eng umẽ t'oronhe'eng umẽ t'îanhe'eng umẽ ta penhe'eng umẽ
Negative imperative enhe'eng umẽ penhe'eng umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative gûinhe'enga enhe'enga onhe'enga oronhe'enga îanhe'enga penhe'enga
Negative gûinhe'enge'yma enhe'enge'yma onhe'enge'yma oronhe'enge'yma îanhe'enge'yma penhe'enge'yma
Causative
Indicative aîmonhe'eng ereîmonhe'eng oîmonhe'eng oroîmonhe'eng îaîmonhe'eng peîmonhe'eng
Permissive t'aîmonhe'eng t'ereîmonhe'eng t'oîmonhe'eng t'oroîmonhe'eng t'îaîmonhe'eng ta peîmonhe'eng
Imperative eîmonhe'eng peîmonhe'eng
Negative indicative n'aîmonhe'engi n'ereîmonhe'engi n'oîmonhe'engi n'oroîmonhe'engi n'îaîmonhe'engi na peîmonhe'engi
Negative permissive t'aîmonhe'eng umẽ t'ereîmonhe'eng umẽ t'oîmonhe'eng umẽ t'oroîmonhe'eng umẽ t'îaîmonhe'eng umẽ ta peîmonhe'eng umẽ
Negative imperative eîmonhe'eng umẽ peîmonhe'eng umẽ
Causative-comitative
Indicative aronhe'eng ereronhe'eng ogûeronhe'eng orogûeronhe'eng îaronhe'eng peronhe'eng
Permissive t'aronhe'eng t'ereronhe'eng t'ogûeronhe'eng t'orogûeronhe'eng t'îaronhe'eng ta peronhe'eng
Imperative emonhe'eng peronhe'eng
Negative indicative n'aronhe'engi n'ereronhe'engi n'ogûeronhe'engi n'orogûeronhe'engi n'îaronhe'engi na peronhe'engi
Negative permissive t'aronhe'eng umẽ t'ereronhe'eng umẽ t'ogûeronhe'eng umẽ t'orogûeronhe'eng umẽ t'îaronhe'eng umẽ ta peronhe'eng umẽ
Negative imperative emonhe'eng umẽ peronhe'eng umẽ
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative nhe'enga
Negative nhe'enge'yma
Causative-comitative
Affirmative xe reronhe'enga nde reronhe'enga seronhe'enga oré reronhe'enga îandé reronhe'enga pe reronhe'enga
Negative na xe reronhe'engi na nde reronhe'engi na seronhe'engi n'oré reronhe'engi n'îandé reronhe'engi na pe reronhe'engi
Circumstantial
Affirmative xe nhe'engi i nhe'engi oré nhe'engi îandé nhe'engi
Negative xe nhe'enge'ymi i nhe'enge'ymi oré nhe'enge'ymi îandé nhe'enge'ymi
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Nheengatu: nheẽ
  • →? Portuguese: nhenhenhém, nhe-nhe-nhem

Etymology 2

Back-formation from nhe'enga (“speech”).

Adjective

nhe'eng

  1. speaking (having the ability of speech)
Declension
    Declension of nhe'eng (consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative xe nhe'eng nde nhe'eng i nhe'eng oré nhe'eng îandé nhe'eng pe nhe'eng
Imperative
Permissive ta xe nhe'eng ta nde nhe'eng t'i nhe'eng t'oré nhe'eng t'îandé nhe'eng ta pe nhe'eng
Negative indicative na xe nhe'engi na nde nhe'engi n'i nhe'engi n'oré nhe'engi n'îandé nhe'engi na pe nhe'engi
Negative imperative nde nhe'eng umẽ pe nhe'eng umẽ
Negative permissive ta xe nhe'eng umẽ ta nde nhe'eng umẽ t'i nhe'eng umẽ t'oré nhe'eng umẽ t'îandé nhe'eng umẽ ta pe nhe'eng umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative xe nhe'engamo nde nhe'engamo o nhe'engamo oré nhe'engamo îandé nhe'engamo pe nhe'engamo
Negative xe nhe'enge'ymamo nde nhe'enge'ymamo o nhe'enge'ymamo oré nhe'enge'ymamo îandé nhe'enge'ymamo pe nhe'enge'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative nhe'enga
Negative nhe'enge'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative xe nhe'engamo o nhe'engamo oré nhe'engamo îandé nhe'engamo
xe nhe'engi1 i nhe'engi1 oré nhe'engi1 îandé nhe'engi1
Negative xe nhe'enge'ymamo o nhe'enge'ymamo oré nhe'enge'ymamo îandé nhe'enge'ymamo
xe nhe'enge'ymi1 i nhe'enge'ymi1 oré nhe'enge'ymi1 îandé nhe'enge'ymi1
1North Tupi

References

  1. ^ Beatriz Carretta Corrêa da Silva (2010) Mawé/Awetí/Tupí-Guaraní: relações linguísticas e implicações históricas (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB, page 409

Further reading

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