pukea

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Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *pukëdak, possibly from Proto-Finno-Ugric *puke-. Cognate to Estonian pugema, Livonian pu’ggõ and Veps pugetada.

Pronunciation

Verb

pukea

  1. (transitive) to put on, don (clothes; often with päälle)
    On niin kylmä että pitää pukea takki (päälle).
    It's so cold that I have to put a coat on.
  2. (transitive) to dress (up), clothe (a person)
    pukea hienoksi ― to dress up (in fine clothes)
    samettiin puettu ― velvet-clad
    Olen vasta pukemassa päälleni.
    I'm still getting dressed.
  3. (figuratively, transitive) to express in some form, formulate, turn into (+ translative/illative)
    pukea sanoiksi ― to express in words
    pukea runomuotoon ― to express as poetry, turn into poetry
  4. (figuratively, transitive) to make look a certain way; paint, cover, decorate, adorn, etc. (+ illative/translative)
    lumi pukee maan valkeaan ― snow paints the ground white
  5. (figuratively, transitive, usually atelic) to suit, become
    Tuo hattu pukee sinua.
    That hat becomes you.
    Kyyneleet eivät pue sinua.
    Tears don't suit you.

Conjugation

Inflection of pukea (Kotus type 58*D/laskea, k-∅ gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. puen en pue 1st sing. olen pukenut en ole pukenut
2nd sing. puet et pue 2nd sing. olet pukenut et ole pukenut
3rd sing. pukee ei pue 3rd sing. on pukenut ei ole pukenut
1st plur. puemme emme pue 1st plur. olemme pukeneet emme ole pukeneet
2nd plur. puette ette pue 2nd plur. olette pukeneet ette ole pukeneet
3rd plur. pukevat eivät pue 3rd plur. ovat pukeneet eivät ole pukeneet
passive puetaan ei pueta passive on puettu ei ole puettu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. puin en pukenut 1st sing. olin pukenut en ollut pukenut
2nd sing. puit et pukenut 2nd sing. olit pukenut et ollut pukenut
3rd sing. puki ei pukenut 3rd sing. oli pukenut ei ollut pukenut
1st plur. puimme emme pukeneet 1st plur. olimme pukeneet emme olleet pukeneet
2nd plur. puitte ette pukeneet 2nd plur. olitte pukeneet ette olleet pukeneet
3rd plur. pukivat eivät pukeneet 3rd plur. olivat pukeneet eivät olleet pukeneet
passive puettiin ei puettu passive oli puettu ei ollut puettu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. pukisin en pukisi 1st sing. olisin pukenut en olisi pukenut
2nd sing. pukisit et pukisi 2nd sing. olisit pukenut et olisi pukenut
3rd sing. pukisi ei pukisi 3rd sing. olisi pukenut ei olisi pukenut
1st plur. pukisimme emme pukisi 1st plur. olisimme pukeneet emme olisi pukeneet
2nd plur. pukisitte ette pukisi 2nd plur. olisitte pukeneet ette olisi pukeneet
3rd plur. pukisivat eivät pukisi 3rd plur. olisivat pukeneet eivät olisi pukeneet
passive puettaisiin ei puettaisi passive olisi puettu ei olisi puettu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. pue älä pue 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. pukekoon älköön pukeko 3rd sing. olkoon pukenut älköön olko pukenut
1st plur. pukekaamme älkäämme pukeko 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. pukekaa älkää pukeko 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. pukekoot älkööt pukeko 3rd plur. olkoot pukeneet älkööt olko pukeneet
passive puettakoon älköön puettako passive olkoon puettu älköön olko puettu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. pukenen en pukene 1st sing. lienen pukenut en liene pukenut
2nd sing. pukenet et pukene 2nd sing. lienet pukenut et liene pukenut
3rd sing. pukenee ei pukene 3rd sing. lienee pukenut ei liene pukenut
1st plur. pukenemme emme pukene 1st plur. lienemme pukeneet emme liene pukeneet
2nd plur. pukenette ette pukene 2nd plur. lienette pukeneet ette liene pukeneet
3rd plur. pukenevat eivät pukene 3rd plur. lienevät pukeneet eivät liene pukeneet
passive puettaneen ei puettane passive lienee puettu ei liene puettu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st pukea present pukeva puettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st pukeakseni pukeaksemme
2nd pukeaksesi pukeaksenne
3rd pukeakseen
pukeaksensa
past pukenut puettu
2nd inessive2 pukiessa puettaessa agent3 pukema
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st pukiessani pukiessamme
2nd pukiessasi pukiessanne
3rd pukiessaan
pukiessansa
negative pukematon
instructive pukien — 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

3rd inessive pukemassa —
elative pukemasta —
illative pukemaan —
adessive pukemalla —
abessive pukematta —
instructive pukeman puettaman
4th4 verbal noun pukeminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st pukemaisillani pukemaisillamme
2nd pukemaisillasi pukemaisillanne
3rd pukemaisillaan
pukemaisillansa

Derived terms

nouns
verbs

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