trancher

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French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French trenchier. Compare Catalan trencar, Italian trinciare, and Spanish truncar.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tʁɑ̃.ʃe/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

trancher

  1. (transitive) to slice, to cut into slices
  2. (transitive, literary) to complete, conclude
    Il a tranché ses jours.
    He has concluded his days on earth.
  3. (transitive, figurative) to decide, to settle, to address
  4. (intransitive) to rule, make a ruling, come to a decision
  5. (intransitive, derogatory, with de) to behave or comport oneself (as if one were)
    Le comte trancha du grand seigneur.
    The count comported himself as if he were God Almighty.
  6. (intransitive, with avec, sur) to contrast (with), stand out (against)
  7. (intransitive, with dans) to stand out (in)

Conjugation

Conjugation of trancher (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple trancher
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple tranchant
/tʁɑ̃.ʃɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle tranché
/tʁɑ̃.ʃe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present tranche
/tʁɑ̃ʃ/ 		tranches
/tʁɑ̃ʃ/ 		tranche
/tʁɑ̃ʃ/ 		tranchons
/tʁɑ̃.ʃɔ̃/ 		tranchez
/tʁɑ̃.ʃe/ 		tranchent
/tʁɑ̃ʃ/
imperfect tranchais
/tʁɑ̃.ʃɛ/ 		tranchais
/tʁɑ̃.ʃɛ/ 		tranchait
/tʁɑ̃.ʃɛ/ 		tranchions
/tʁɑ̃.ʃjɔ̃/ 		tranchiez
/tʁɑ̃.ʃje/ 		tranchaient
/tʁɑ̃.ʃɛ/
past historic2 tranchai
/tʁɑ̃.ʃe/ 		tranchas
/tʁɑ̃.ʃa/ 		trancha
/tʁɑ̃.ʃa/ 		tranchâmes
/tʁɑ̃.ʃam/ 		tranchâtes
/tʁɑ̃.ʃat/ 		tranchèrent
/tʁɑ̃.ʃɛʁ/
future trancherai
/tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁe/ 		trancheras
/tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁa/ 		tranchera
/tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁa/ 		trancherons
/tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁɔ̃/ 		trancherez
/tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁe/ 		trancheront
/tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁɔ̃/
conditional trancherais
/tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/ 		trancherais
/tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/ 		trancherait
/tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/ 		trancherions
/tʁɑ̃.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		trancheriez
/tʁɑ̃.ʃə.ʁje/ 		trancheraient
/tʁɑ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present tranche
/tʁɑ̃ʃ/ 		tranches
/tʁɑ̃ʃ/ 		tranche
/tʁɑ̃ʃ/ 		tranchions
/tʁɑ̃.ʃjɔ̃/ 		tranchiez
/tʁɑ̃.ʃje/ 		tranchent
/tʁɑ̃ʃ/
imperfect2 tranchasse
/tʁɑ̃.ʃas/ 		tranchasses
/tʁɑ̃.ʃas/ 		tranchât
/tʁɑ̃.ʃa/ 		tranchassions
/tʁɑ̃.ʃa.sjɔ̃/ 		tranchassiez
/tʁɑ̃.ʃa.sje/ 		tranchassent
/tʁɑ̃.ʃas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — tranche
/tʁɑ̃ʃ/ 		— tranchons
/tʁɑ̃.ʃɔ̃/ 		tranchez
/tʁɑ̃.ʃe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

See also

Further reading

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French trenchier.

Verb

trancher

  1. to cut off (remove by cutting)

Conjugation

  • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of trancher
infinitive simple trancher
compound avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2 simple tranchant
compound present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle tranché
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ie (i’) tu il, elle nous vous ilz, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present tranche tranches tranche tranchons tranchez tranchent
imperfect tranchois, tranchoys tranchois, tranchoys tranchoit, tranchoyt tranchions, tranchyons tranchiez, tranchyez tranchoient, tranchoyent
past historic trancha tranchas trancha tranchasmes tranchastes trancherent
future trancherai, trancheray trancheras tranchera trancherons trancherez trancheront
conditional trancherois, trancheroys trancherois, trancheroys trancheroit, trancheroyt trancherions, trancheryons trancheriez, trancheryez trancheroient, trancheroyent
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que ie (i’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present tranche tranches tranche tranchons tranchez tranchent
imperfect tranchasse tranchasses tranchast tranchassions tranchassiez tranchassent
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — tranche — tranchons tranchez —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château , Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château , op. cit., p. 180).

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