Of debated origin.(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
árt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ártok | ártasz | árt | ártunk | ártotok | ártanak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | ártottam | ártottál | ártott | ártottunk | ártottatok | ártottak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ártani fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | árték | ártál | árta | ártánk | ártátok | ártának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. árt vala, ártott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | ártandok | ártandasz | ártand | ártandunk | ártandotok | ártandanak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ártanék | ártanál | ártana | ártanánk | ártanátok | ártanának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ártott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ártsak | árts or ártsál |
ártson | ártsunk | ártsatok | ártsanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ártott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | ártani | ártanom | ártanod | ártania | ártanunk | ártanotok | ártaniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
ártás | ártó | ártott | ― | ártva (ártván) | |||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | árthatok | árthatsz | árthat | árthatunk | árthattok | árthatnak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | árthattam | árthattál | árthatott | árthattunk | árthattatok | árthattak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | árthaték | árthatál | árthata | árthatánk | árthatátok | árthatának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. árthat vala, árthatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | árthatandok or ártandhatok |
árthatandasz or ártandhatsz |
árthatand or ártandhat |
árthatandunk or ártandhatunk |
árthatandotok or ártandhattok |
árthatandanak or ártandhatnak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | árthatnék | árthatnál | árthatna | árthatnánk | árthatnátok | árthatnának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. árthatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | árthassak | árthass or árthassál |
árthasson | árthassunk | árthassatok | árthassanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. árthatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (árthatni) | (árthatnom) | (árthatnod) | (árthatnia) | (árthatnunk) | (árthatnotok) | (árthatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (árthatva / árthatván) | ||||
(With verbal prefixes):
(Expressions):
Split from the obsolete át- variant of avat (“to let in on”).
árt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ártok | ártasz | árt | ártunk | ártotok | ártanak | |
Def. | ártom | ártod | ártja | ártjuk | ártjátok | ártják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ártalak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | ártottam | ártottál | ártott | ártottunk | ártottatok | ártottak | ||
Def. | ártottam | ártottad | ártotta | ártottuk | ártottátok | ártották | |||
2nd-p. o. | ártottalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ártani fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | árték | ártál | árta | ártánk | ártátok | ártának | ||
Def. | ártám | ártád | ártá | ártánk | ártátok | árták | |||
2nd-p. o. | ártálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. árt vala, ártott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | ártandok | ártandasz | ártand | ártandunk | ártandotok | ártandanak | ||
Def. | ártandom | ártandod | ártandja | ártandjuk | ártandjátok | ártandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ártandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ártanék | ártanál | ártana | ártanánk | ártanátok | ártanának | |
Def. | ártanám | ártanád | ártaná | ártanánk (or ártanók) |
ártanátok | ártanák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ártanálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ártott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ártsak | árts or ártsál |
ártson | ártsunk | ártsatok | ártsanak | |
Def. | ártsam | ártsd or ártsad |
ártsa | ártsuk | ártsátok | ártsák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ártsalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ártott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | ártani | ártanom | ártanod | ártania | ártanunk | ártanotok | ártaniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
ártás | ártó | ártott | ártandó | ártva (ártván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | árthatok | árthatsz | árthat | árthatunk | árthattok | árthatnak | |
Def. | árthatom | árthatod | árthatja | árthatjuk | árthatjátok | árthatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | árthatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | árthattam | árthattál | árthatott | árthattunk | árthattatok | árthattak | ||
Def. | árthattam | árthattad | árthatta | árthattuk | árthattátok | árthatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | árthattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | árthaték | árthatál | árthata | árthatánk | árthatátok | árthatának | ||
Def. | árthatám | árthatád | árthatá | árthatánk | árthatátok | árthaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | árthatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. árthat vala, árthatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | árthatandok or ártandhatok |
árthatandasz or ártandhatsz |
árthatand or ártandhat |
árthatandunk or ártandhatunk |
árthatandotok or ártandhattok |
árthatandanak or ártandhatnak | ||
Def. | árthatandom or ártandhatom |
árthatandod or ártandhatod |
árthatandja or ártandhatja |
árthatandjuk or ártandhatjuk |
árthatandjátok or ártandhatjátok |
árthatandják or ártandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | árthatandalak or ártandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | árthatnék | árthatnál | árthatna | árthatnánk | árthatnátok | árthatnának | |
Def. | árthatnám | árthatnád | árthatná | árthatnánk (or árthatnók) |
árthatnátok | árthatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | árthatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. árthatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | árthassak | árthass or árthassál |
árthasson | árthassunk | árthassatok | árthassanak | |
Def. | árthassam | árthasd or árthassad |
árthassa | árthassuk | árthassátok | árthassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | árthassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. árthatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (árthatni) | (árthatnom) | (árthatnod) | (árthatnia) | (árthatnunk) | (árthatnotok) | (árthatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | ártható | Neg. adj. | árthatatlan | Adv. part. | (árthatva / árthatván) | ||||
(With verbal prefixes):