φίλος

From Proto-Hellenic *pʰílos, traditionally derived from from Proto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s, from *bʰil- (“decent, good, harmonious, friendly”). In this case, cognate with Old Irish bil (“good, mild”) and Proto-Germanic *biliz (“kind, gentle; decent, fair”), whence Old English bile- (“kind, suitable, appropriate”, prefix), German billig (“appropriate, fitting, inexpensive, cheap”), and Dutch billijk (“appropriate”).

However, Beekes rejects the above etymology based on the original meaning of the Greek word apparently being "own, accompanying" rather than "beloved", and leaves the origin open.^[1]

φῐ́λος • (phĭ́los) m (feminine φῐ́λη, neuter φῐ́λον); first/second declension

1. That which is loved or important: beloved, dear, of or from a friend
2. (less commonly): loving, friendly

• φῐλία (phĭlía)
• φῖλος (phîlos)
• φιλότης (philótēs)

• Latin: -phila

φῐ́λος • (phĭ́los) m (genitive φῐ́λου); second declension

1. friend

• Mariupol Greek: фи́лос (fílos)

• “φίλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “φίλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “φίλος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• φίλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• φίλος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “φίλος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G5384 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • acceptable idem, page 5.
  • adherent idem, page 11.
  • adorable idem, page 13.
  • agreeable idem, page 19.
  • beloved idem, page 73.
  • cheering idem, page 129.
  • cherished idem, page 129.
  • dear idem, page 198.
  • endearing idem, page 272.
  • favourable idem, page 311.
  • friend idem, page 345.
  • friendly idem, page 345.
  • glad idem, page 360.
  • gracious idem, page 368.
  • joyful idem, page 464.
  • kind idem, page 469.
  • loved idem, page 502.
  • loving idem, page 502.
  • pleasant idem, page 619.
  • precious idem, page 634.
  • propitious idem, page 653.
  • sweet idem, page 848.
  • tender idem, page 861.
  • valued idem, page 943.
  • welcome idem, page 973.

Inherited from Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos), probably from Proto-Hellenic *pʰílos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s, from *bʰil- (“decent, good, harmonious, friendly”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈfi.los/
• Hyphenation: φί‧λος

φίλος • (fílos) m (plural φίλοι, feminine φίλη)

1. friend
2. boyfriend
3. acquaintance

• -φιλος (-filos)
• φίλαθλος m (fílathlos, “sports fan”)
• φιλικός (filikós, “friendly”)
• φιλικά (filiká, “in a friendly manner”, adverb)
• φιλικό n (filikó, “friendly (match)”)
• φιλοξενία f (filoxenía /⁠hospitality⁠/)
• φιλόξενος (filóxenos, “hospitable”)
• φιλοξενούμενος (filoxenoúmenos, “hospitable”)

φίλος • (fílos) m (feminine φίλη, neuter φίλο)

1. friendly
2. dear
3. beloved (obsolete, literary)