χρυσός
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Ancient Greek
Etymology
Borrowed from a Semitic source, usually assumed to be Phoenician/Punic;[1] compare Phoenician 𐤇𐤓𐤑 (ḥrṣ),[2] Biblical Hebrew חָרוּץ (ḥārûṣ),[3] Akkadian 𒆬𒄀 (ḫurāṣum), Mycenaean Greek 𐀓𐀬𐀰 (ku-ru-so).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kʰryː.sós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /kʰryˈsos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /xryˈsos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /xryˈsos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /xriˈsos/
Noun
χρῡσός • (khrūsós) m (genitive χρῡσοῦ); second declension
Declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ χρῡσός ho khrūsós |
τὼ χρῡσώ tṑ khrūsṓ |
οἱ χρῡσοί hoi khrūsoí | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ χρῡσοῦ toû khrūsoû |
τοῖν χρῡσοῖν toîn khrūsoîn |
τῶν χρῡσῶν tôn khrūsôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ χρῡσῷ tôi khrūsôi |
τοῖν χρῡσοῖν toîn khrūsoîn |
τοῖς χρῡσοῖς toîs khrūsoîs | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν χρῡσόν tòn khrūsón |
τὼ χρῡσώ tṑ khrūsṓ |
τοὺς χρῡσούς toùs khrūsoús | ||||||||||
| Vocative | χρῡσέ khrūsé |
χρῡσώ khrūsṓ |
χρῡσοί khrūsoí | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | χρῡσός khrūsós |
χρῡσώ khrūsṓ |
χρῡσοί khrūsoí | ||||||||||
| Genitive | χρῡσοῦ / χρῡσοῖο / χρῡσόο khrūsoû / khrūsoîo / khrūsóo |
χρῡσοῖῐν khrūsoîin |
χρῡσῶν khrūsôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | χρῡσῷ khrūsôi |
χρῡσοῖῐν khrūsoîin |
χρῡσοῖσῐ / χρῡσοῖσῐν / χρῡσοῖς khrūsoîsi(n) / khrūsoîs | ||||||||||
| Accusative | χρῡσόν khrūsón |
χρῡσώ khrūsṓ |
χρῡσούς khrūsoús | ||||||||||
| Vocative | χρῡσέ khrūsé |
χρῡσώ khrūsṓ |
χρῡσοί khrūsoí | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἄχρῡσος (ákhrūsos)
- διάχρῡσος (diákhrūsos)
- ἑλίχρῡσος (helíkhrūsos)
- ἐπίχρῡσος (epíkhrūsos)
- ἐπιχρῡσόω (epikhrūsóō)
- ζάχρῡσος (zákhrūsos)
- ἰσόχρῡσος (isókhrūsos)
- κατάχρῡσος (katákhrūsos)
- καταχρῡσόω (katakhrūsóō)
- ὁλόχρῡσος (holókhrūsos)
- παγχρῡ́σεος (pankhrū́seos)
- πάγχρῡσος (pánkhrūsos)
- περίχρῡσος (períkhrūsos)
- περιχρῡσόω (perikhrūsóō)
- πολύχρῡσος (polúkhrūsos)
- ὑπόχρῡσος (hupókhrūsos)
- ὑποχρῡσόω (hupokhrūsóō)
- φιλόχρῡσος (philókhrūsos)
- χρῡσαλλίς (khrūsallís)
- χρῡσάμπυξ (khrūsámpux)
- χρῡσάνθεμον (khrūsánthemon)
- χρῡσανθής (khrūsanthḗs)
- χρῡσάορος (khrūsáoros)
- χρῡσάρματος (khrūsármatos)
- χρῡ́σασπις (khrū́saspis)
- χρῡσαυγέω (khrūsaugéō)
- χρῡσαυγής (khrūsaugḗs)
- χρῡσάωρ (khrūsáōr)
- χρῡσεῖον (khrūseîon)
- χρῡσελεφαντήλεκτρος (khrūselephantḗlektros)
- χρῡσεοβόστρυχος (khrūseobóstrukhos)
- χρῡσεόκυκλος (khrūseókuklos)
- χρῡσεοπήληξ (khrūseopḗlēx)
- χρῡσεοπήνητος (khrūseopḗnētos)
- χρῡ́σεος (khrū́seos)
- χρῡσεοσάνδαλος (khrūseosándalos)
- χρῡσεόστολμος (khrūseóstolmos)
- χρῡσεόστολος (khrūseóstolos)
- Χρῡ́ση (Khrū́sē)
- χρῡσηλάκατος (khrūsēlákatos)
- χρῡσήλατος (khrūsḗlatos)
- χρῡσήνιος (khrūsḗnios)
- χρῡσήρης (khrūsḗrēs)
- Χρῡ́σης (Khrū́sēs)
- Χρῡσίδης (Khrūsídēs)
- χρῡσίδιον (khrūsídion)
- χρῡσίζω (khrūsízō)
- χρῡ́σινος (khrū́sinos)
- χρῡσίον (khrūsíon)
- Χρύσιππος (Khrúsippos)
- χρῡσίς (khrūsís)
- χρῡσίτης (khrūsítēs)
- χρυσῖτις (khrusîtis)
- χρῡσοβαφής (khrūsobaphḗs)
- χρῡσοβέλεμνος (khrūsobélemnos)
- χρῡσόβουλλος (khrūsóboullos)
- χρυσόγονον (khrusógonon)
- Χρυσόγονος (Khrusógonos)
- χρῡσοειδής (khrūsoeidḗs)
- χρῡσόθρονος (khrūsóthronos)
- χρῡσόκαρπος (khrūsókarpos)
- χρῡσόκερως (khrūsókerōs)
- χρῡσόκλυστος (khrūsóklustos)
- χρῡσοκόλλα (khrūsokólla)
- χρῡσοκόλλητος (khrūsokóllētos)
- χρῡσοκόμη (khrūsokómē)
- χρῡσοκόμης (khrūsokómēs)
- χρῡσόκομος (khrūsókomos)
- χρυσολαβής (khrusolabḗs)
- χρῡσολᾰ́χᾰνον (khrūsolákhanon)
- χρῡσόλιθος (khrūsólithos)
- χρῡσόμαλλος (khrūsómallos)
- χρῡσόμηλον (khrūsómēlon)
- Χρῡσόνῑκος (Khrūsónīkos)
- χρῡσόπαστος (khrūsópastos)
- χρῡσόπους (khrūsópous)
- χρῡσόρραπις (khrūsórrhapis)
- χρῡσοστέφανος (khrūsostéphanos)
- χρῡσότευκτος (khrūsóteuktos)
- χρῡσοφαής (khrūsophaḗs)
- χρῡσοφάλαρος (khrūsophálaros)
- χρῡσοφορέω (khrūsophoréō)
- χρῡσοφόρος (khrūsophóros)
- χρῡ́σοφρυς (khrū́sophrus)
- χρῡσοφύλαξ (khrūsophúlax)
- χρῡσοχάλινος (khrūsokhálinos)
- χρῡσοχοεῖον (khrūsokhoeîon)
- χρῡσοχοέω (khrūsokhoéō)
- χρῡσόχοος (khrūsókhoos)
- χρῡσόω (khrūsóō)
- χρῡ́σωμα (khrū́sōma)
- χρῡσώρυχος (khrūsṓrukhos)
- χρῡ́σωσις (khrū́sōsis)
- χρῡσώψ (khrūsṓps)
- ψευδόχρῡσος (pseudókhrūsos)
Descendants
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “χρῡσός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1652
- ^ Tomback, Richard - A Comparative Semitic Lexicon of the Phoenician and Punic Languages, page 151. For example, the word used on the Tabnit sarcophagus.
- ^ https://www.sefaria.org.il/Klein_Dictionary%2C_%D7%97%D6%B8%D7%A8%D7%95%D6%BC%D7%A5_%E1%B4%B5%E1%B4%B5%E1%B4%B5.1?lang=he
Further reading
- “χρυσός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “χρυσός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “χρυσός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- χρυσός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “χρυσός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G5557 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- “χρυσός”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
Greek
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Ancient Greek χρυσός (khrusós, “gold”) (already Mycenaean Greek 𐀓𐀬𐀰 (ku-ru-so)), Semitic loan, compare with Biblical Hebrew חָרוּץ (ḥārûṣ), Akkadian 𒆬𒄀 (ḫurāṣum).[1]
Noun
χρυσός • (chrysós) m (plural χρυσοί)
- (chemistry) gold (metal element)
- (synecdochically) money, currency, cash
- (figuratively) wealth, riches
- Synonym: χρυσάφι (chrysáfi)
Declension
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | χρυσός (chrysós) |
| genitive | χρυσού (chrysoú) |
| accusative | χρυσό (chrysó) |
| vocative | χρυσέ (chrysé) |
Coordinate terms
Related terms
- κοκκινοχρυσός (kokkinochrysós, “titian, bright auburn”)
- χρυσό n (chrysó, “gold (medal)”)
- χρυσό- (chrysó-, “golden”, prefix)
- χρυσόσκονη f (chrysóskoni, “gold dust”)
- χρυσοχοΐα m (chrysochoḯa, “goldsmithing”)
- χρυσοχόος m or f (chrysochóos, “goldsmith”)
- ό,τι λάμπει δεν είναι χρυσός (ó,ti lámpei den eínai chrysós, “all that glitters is not gold”)
Further reading
χρυσός on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia el
Etymology 2
From Byzantine Greek χρυσός (khrusós), from Ancient Greek χρυσοῦς (khrusoûs), from Ancient Greek χρύσεος (khrúseos, “golden”).[1]
Adjective
χρυσός • (chrysós) m (feminine χρυσή, neuter χρυσό)
- golden, gold
- (figuratively) handsome, lovely
- (figuratively) good-hearted
- (figuratively) dear, lovable
Declension
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | χρυσός (chrysós) | χρυσή (chrysí) | χρυσό (chrysó) | χρυσοί (chrysoí) | χρυσές (chrysés) | χρυσά (chrysá) | |
| genitive | χρυσού (chrysoú) | χρυσής (chrysís) | χρυσού (chrysoú) | χρυσών (chrysón) | χρυσών (chrysón) | χρυσών (chrysón) | |
| accusative | χρυσό (chrysó) | χρυσή (chrysí) | χρυσό (chrysó) | χρυσούς (chrysoús) | χρυσές (chrysés) | χρυσά (chrysá) | |
| vocative | χρυσέ (chrysé) | χρυσή (chrysí) | χρυσό (chrysó) | χρυσοί (chrysoí) | χρυσές (chrysés) | χρυσά (chrysá) | |
Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο χρυσός, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο χρυσός, etc.)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 χρυσός - Babiniotis, Georgios (2008) Λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας: [Dictionary of Modern Greek (language)] (in Greek), 3rd edition, Athens: Kentro Lexikologias , 1st edition 1998, →ISBN.