надо

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Russian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old East Slavic надо (nado), надобѣ (nadobě), from dative/locative singular of надоба (nadoba), from Proto-Slavic *nadoba, from *na- +‎ *doba.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -adə
  • IPA(key): (before a stressed syllable)
  • IPA(key): (fast or careless speech)

Predicative

на́до (nádo)

  1. (one) must, (it is) necessary
  2. one needs, one wants, one has to
    Synonyms: надлежи́т (nadležít), необходи́мо (neobxodímo), ну́жно (núžno), тре́буется (trébujetsja), сле́дует (slédujet)
    Мне на́до уйти́.Mne nádo ujtí.I have to leave.
    Так ему́ и на́до!Tak jemú i nádo!He deserves it!
    на́до быnádo by(one) ought to
    • 1925, Михаил Булгаков [Mikhail Bulgakov], “Глава 4. Попадья Дроздова”, in Роковые яйца; English translation from K. M. Cook-Horujy, transl., The Fateful Eggs, Moscow: Raduga Publishers, 1990:
      — Что вам на́до? — спроси́л Пе́рсиков таки́м го́лосом, что Панкра́т мгнове́нно ушё́л за дверь, — ведь вам же сказа́ли, что я за́нят?
      — Što vam nádo? — sprosíl Pérsikov takím gólosom, što Pankrát mgnovénno ušól za dverʹ, — vedʹ vam že skazáli, što ja zánjat?
      "What do you want?" asked Persikov in a voice which sent Pankrat scuttling out of the room. "Weren't you told that I am busy?"
Usage notes

The word combination "не на́до" is used in combination with imperfective infinitive verbs. For example,

Не на́до печа́литься.Ne nádo pečálitʹsja.There is no need to be sad.
Не на́до держа́ть отве́т.Ne nádo deržátʹ otvét.There is no need to answer.
Не на́до бы́ло пуга́ть бе́лок.Ne nádo býlo pugátʹ bélok.There was no need to scare the squirrels.

Не на́до is translated as "can't", "mustn't", "needn't", or "don't" (negative imperative).

Descendants
  • Southern Yukaghir: надо (nado)
  • Yakut: наада (naada)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old East Slavic надъ (nadŭ), надо (nado), from Proto-Slavic *nadъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • IPA(key): (before a stressed syllable)
  • IPA(key): (when stressed)
  • IPA(key): (when stressed and before a stressed syllable)

Preposition

надо (nado)

  1. Alternative form of над (nad): above, over
    надо мнойnado mnojabove me
Usage notes
  • This is a variant of над (nad) which is sometimes used before words beginning with certain consonant clusters such as вс- (vs-), вш- (vš-), вт- (vt-), льв- (lʹv-), льд- (lʹd-), льн- (lʹn-), лб- (lb-), лж- (lž-), мн- (mn-), мх- (mx-), рв- (rv-), рт- (rt-), рж- (rž-), сн- (sn-), фл- (fl-) and others.

References

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “над”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “надо”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*nadъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 15

Southern Yukaghir

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian на́до (nádo).

Pronunciation

Predicative

надо (nado)

  1. it is necessary that

References

  • Elena Maslova (2003) A Grammar of Kolyma Yukaghir, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 26

Tundra Nenets

Etymology 1

From Proto-Samoyedic *nåtə, from Proto-Uralic *nataw.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Hyphenation: на‧до

Noun

надо (nado)

  1. brother-in-law (one's husband's younger brother)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Hyphenation: на‧до

Noun

нӑдо (nădo)

  1. steep shore

References

  • Pyrerka, A. P., Tereščenko, N. M. (1948) Русско-ненецкий словарь [Russian–Nenets Dictionary], Moscow: Огиз, page 308; 310
  • N. M. Tereschenko (2005) “нӑдо”, in Словарь ненецко-русский и русско-ненецкий, 3rd edition, Saint Petersburg: Просвещение, →ISBN

Ukrainian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Hyphenation: на‧до

Preposition

на́до (nádo) (+ instrumental case)

  1. (colloquial) Alternative form of на́ді (nádi).