خلاف

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See also: خلاق and حلاق

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
خ ل ف (ḵ l f)
13 terms

Noun

خِلَاف • (ḵilāf) m (plural خِلَافَات (ḵilāfāt))

  1. verbal noun of خَالَفَ (ḵālafa) (form III)
  2. controversy, disagreement, dispute
    Antonym: وِفَاق (wifāq)
    أثار العثور على إنجيل برنابا جدلاً واختلافاً بين علماء العقائد الإبراهيمية.
    The discovery of the Gospel of Barnabas has stirred controversy and disagreement among scholars of Abrahamic faiths.
  3. something else, other than, aside from, except
    Synonym: غَيْر (ḡayr)
    • a. 1400, “حكاية الحمال مع البنات [The Porter and the Three Ladies]”, in ألف ليلة وليلة [One Thousand and One Nights]:
      ثُمَّ وَقَفَتْ عَلَى ٱلْعَطَّارِ وَٱشْتَرَتْ مِنْهُ عَشَرَةَ مِيَاهٍ مَاءَ وَرْدٍ وَمَاءَ زَهْرٍ وَخِلَافِهِ
      ṯumma waqafat ʕalā l-ʕaṭṭāri waštarat minhu ʕašarata miyāhin māʔa wardin wamāʔa zahrin waḵilāfihi
      Then he halted at the perfumer and bought from him ten liquids, rose-water, blossom-water and others.
Declension
Declension of noun خِلَاف (ḵilāf)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal خِلَاف
ḵilāf 		الْخِلَاف
al-ḵilāf 		خِلَاف
ḵilāf
Nominative خِلَافٌ
ḵilāfun 		الْخِلَافُ
al-ḵilāfu 		خِلَافُ
ḵilāfu
Accusative خِلَافًا
ḵilāfan 		الْخِلَافَ
al-ḵilāfa 		خِلَافَ
ḵilāfa
Genitive خِلَافٍ
ḵilāfin 		الْخِلَافِ
al-ḵilāfi 		خِلَافِ
ḵilāfi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal خِلَافَيْن
ḵilāfayn 		الْخِلَافَيْن
al-ḵilāfayn 		خِلَافَيْ
ḵilāfay
Nominative خِلَافَانِ
ḵilāfāni 		الْخِلَافَانِ
al-ḵilāfāni 		خِلَافَا
ḵilāfā
Accusative خِلَافَيْنِ
ḵilāfayni 		الْخِلَافَيْنِ
al-ḵilāfayni 		خِلَافَيْ
ḵilāfay
Genitive خِلَافَيْنِ
ḵilāfayni 		الْخِلَافَيْنِ
al-ḵilāfayni 		خِلَافَيْ
ḵilāfay
Plural sound feminine plural
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal خِلَافَات
ḵilāfāt 		الْخِلَافَات
al-ḵilāfāt 		خِلَافَات
ḵilāfāt
Nominative خِلَافَاتٌ
ḵilāfātun 		الْخِلَافَاتُ
al-ḵilāfātu 		خِلَافَاتُ
ḵilāfātu
Accusative خِلَافَاتٍ
ḵilāfātin 		الْخِلَافَاتِ
al-ḵilāfāti 		خِلَافَاتِ
ḵilāfāti
Genitive خِلَافَاتٍ
ḵilāfātin 		الْخِلَافَاتِ
al-ḵilāfāti 		خِلَافَاتِ
ḵilāfāti
Derived terms
Descendants

Preposition

خِلَافَ • (ḵilāfa)

  1. after
    Synonym: بَعْدَ (baʕda)
  2. behind
    Synonym: خَلْفَ (ḵalfa)
Inflection
    Inflected forms
Base form خِلَافَ (ḵilāfa)
Personal-pronoun-
including forms 		Singular Dual Plural
Masculine Feminine Common Masculine Feminine
First person خِلَافِي (ḵilāfī) خِلَافَنَا (ḵilāfanā)
Second person خِلَافَكَ (ḵilāfaka) خِلَافَكِ (ḵilāfaki) خِلَافَكُمَا (ḵilāfakumā) خِلَافَكُمْ (ḵilāfakum) خِلَافَكُنَّ (ḵilāfakunna)
Third person خِلَافَهُ (ḵilāfahu) خِلَافَهَا (ḵilāfahā) خِلَافَهُمَا (ḵilāfahumā) خِلَافَهُمْ (ḵilāfahum) خِلَافَهُنَّ (ḵilāfahunna)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Aramaic חִילָּפָא / ܗܶܠܴܦܴܐ (ḥəllāp̄ā, “willow”), from Akkadian 𒄑𒁍 (/⁠ḫilēpu⁠/, “willow”).

Noun

خِلَاف • (ḵilāf) m (obsolete)

  1. willow (Salix spp.)
    Synonyms: صَفْصَاف (ṣafṣāf), غَرَب (ḡarab)
    • 1025, ابن سينا (Avicenna), القانون في الطب‎ [Canon Medicinae], Rome: Stamperia Orientale Medicea, published 1593, Liber 2, page 273:
      خِلاف.
      الماهية: معروف وقد يخرج لورقه - إذا شدخ - صمغ قوي.
      الأفعال والخواص: ثمرته وورقه قابض بلا لذع وله تجفيف كاف ورماده شديد التجفيف وإذا تضمد به رطباً حبس نزف الدم وقد يشدخ ورقه فيخرج له صمغ شديد ملطف.
      الزينة: رمادد يقلع الثآليل طلاء بالخل.
      الجراح والقروح: ضماد للجراحات الواقعة في العظام وخصوصاً ثمرته وورقه ورماده يزيل النملة إذا طلبت به بالخلّ.
      أعضاء الرأس: فقاحة وماؤه مسكن للصداع وعصير ورقه لا شيء أبلغ منه في قلاع المدة التي تسيل من الأذن.
      أعضاء العين: توضع ثمرته وماؤه على ضربة الحدقة وصمغه نافع جداً للبصر الضعيف.
      أعضاء الغذاء: ماؤه نافع من سدد الكبد ومن اليرقان.
      أعضاء النفض: ثمرته نافعة لأصحاب اختلاف الدم.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
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  2. oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifolia and other species)
    Synonym: زَيْزَفُون (zayzafūn)
Declension
Declension of noun خِلَاف (ḵilāf)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal خِلَاف
ḵilāf 		الْخِلَاف
al-ḵilāf 		خِلَاف
ḵilāf
Nominative خِلَافٌ
ḵilāfun 		الْخِلَافُ
al-ḵilāfu 		خِلَافُ
ḵilāfu
Accusative خِلَافًا
ḵilāfan 		الْخِلَافَ
al-ḵilāfa 		خِلَافَ
ḵilāfa
Genitive خِلَافٍ
ḵilāfin 		الْخِلَافِ
al-ḵilāfi 		خِلَافِ
ḵilāfi
Descendants

References

  • “ḥlp3”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 167

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خِلَاف (ḵilāf).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? xilāf
Dari reading? xilāf
Iranian reading? xelâf
Tajik reading? xilof

Noun

Dari خِلَاف
Iranian Persian
Tajik хилоф

خِلَاف • (xelâf)

  1. misdeed, misconduct; minor offense
  2. being contrary; opposition, contradiction, disagreement

Adjective

خِلَاف • (xelâf)

  1. contrary; opposed; opposite

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خِلَاف (ḵilāf).

Adjective

خلاف • (xilāf) (Gurmukhi spelling ਖ਼ਿਲਾਫ਼)

  1. against, opposed
    Synonym: وردّھ (viruddh)

Derived terms

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خِلَاف (ḵilāf).

Pronunciation

Adjective

خلاف • (xilāf) (Hindi spelling ख़िलाफ़)

  1. against, opposed

Derived terms

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