سم

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See also: شم

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
س م م (s m m)
4 terms

Compare Hebrew סַם.

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)

Verb

سَمَّ (samma) I (non-past يَسُمُّ (yasummu), verbal noun سَمّ (samm))

  1. to poison (someone, something)
Conjugation

Etymology 1.2

Pronunciation

Noun

سَمّ or سُمّ (samm or summm (plural سُمُوم (sumūm) or سِمَام (simām))

  1. poison, toxin
  2. venom
Declension
Descendants
  • Swahili: sumu

Etymology 1.3

Pronunciation

Noun

سَمّ (sammm

  1. verbal noun of سَمَّ (samma) (form I)
Declension

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

سَمّ or سُمّ (samm or summm (plural سُمُوم (sumūm) or سِمَام (simām))

  1. opening, hole
  2. eye (of a needle)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:40:
      إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا وَٱسْتَكْبَرُوا عَنْهَا لَا تُفَتَّحُ لَهُمْ أَبْوَابُ ٱلسَّمَاءِ وَلَا يَدْخُلُونَ ٱلْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى يَلِجَ ٱلْجَمَلُ فِي سَمِّ ٱلْخِيَاطِ
      ʔinna llaḏīna kaḏḏabū bi-ʔāyātinā wa-stakbarū ʕanhā lā tufattaḥu lahum ʔabwābu s-samāʔi wa-lā yadḵulūna l-jannata ḥattā yalija l-jamalu fī sammi l-ḵiyāṭi
      Indeed, those who deny Our verses and are arrogant toward them: the gates of Heaven will not be opened for them, nor will they enter Paradise until a camel enters into the eye of a needle.
Declension

Etymology 3.1

Verb

سِمْ (sim) (form I) /sim/

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of وَسَمَ (wasama)

Etymology 3.2

Verb

سِمْ (sim) (form I) /sim/

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of وَسَمَ (wasama)

Etymology 2

Verb

سَمِّ (sammi) (form II) /sam.mi/

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of سَمَّى (sammā)

Khalaj

Noun

سُم (sum, süm) (definite accusative سُمۆ or سُموُ, plural سُملَر or سُملار)

  1. Arabic spelling of sum, süm (hoof)

Declension

Moroccan Arabic

Root
س م م
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic سُمّ (summ).

Pronunciation

Noun

سُم or سَم (summ or sammm (plural سموم (smūm) or سمومة (smūma))

  1. poison, toxin
  2. (figuratively) jealousy
    علاش فيك السم؟
    ʕlāš fīk es-samm
    Why are you jealous?
    (literally, “Why is there poison inside you?”)

Descendants

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic سُمّ (summ, poison, toxin, venom).

Noun

سم (sem, semm) (plural سمام)

  1. poison, venom
    Synonyms: اغو (ağu), اوت (ot), زهر (zehr)
  2. hole, perforation

Descendants

Further reading

  • Kélékian, Diran (1911) “سم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 690
  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Venenum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 1729
  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “سم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, columns 1665–1666
  • Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1075

Pashto

Pronunciation

Adjective

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سم (sëm)

  1. right, proper, correct

Declension

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic سَمّ (samm).

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? samm
Dari reading? samm
Iranian reading? samm
Tajik reading? samm

Noun

سم (samm) (plural سموم)

  1. poison

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian (swmb' /⁠sumb⁠/, hoof), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćapʰás.

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? sum
Dari reading? sum
Iranian reading? som
Tajik reading? sum

Noun

سم (som)

  1. hoof
Descendants
  • Khalaj: sum