sem

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "sem"

Translingual

Symbol

sem

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Semitic languages.

English

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sɛm/
  • Audio (Southern England)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛm

Noun

sem (plural sems)

  1. Clipping of seminary.
  2. Clipping of semester.
  3. Clipping of semicolon.

Anagrams

Bahnar

Etymology

From Proto-Bahnaric *ceː₂m, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *cim ~ *ciim ~ *ciəm ~ *caim ~ *cum (“bird”).

Pronunciation

Noun

sem 

  1. bird

Catalan

Alternative forms

Verb

sem

  1. (Northern, Alghero) first-person plural present indicative of ésser
  2. (Northern, Alghero) first-person plural present indicative of ser

Chinese

Etymology

From clipping of English semester.

Pronunciation

Noun

sem

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) semester (Classifier: 個／个 c)
    終於完sem喇。／终于完sem喇。 [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  zung1 jyu1 jyun4 sem6 laa3.   ―  The semester has finally ended.

Derived terms

References

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech sěmo, from Proto-Slavic *sěmo.

Pronunciation

Adverb

sem

  1. hither (to here)

Eskayan

Numeral

sem

  1. nine

Hungarian

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Conjunction

sem (clitic)

  1. …, neither (or not…, either)
    Julit sem láttam. ― I didn’t see Juli, either.
    Én sem láttam Julit. ― I didn’t see Juli, either.
  2. not even
    Meg sem próbálta. ― S/he didn’t even try it.

Conjunction

sem (paired)

  1. neither… nor…
    Sem te, sem ő nem jöhettek velem. ― Neither you nor s/he can come with me.

Usage notes

The word sem and nincs, nincsen (“it/there isn't”) are contracted into the forms sincs, sincsen (“it/there isn't, either”).

Derived terms

Compound words
Expressions

See also

Further reading

  • sem in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse sem (“as, like”), possibly from Proto-Germanic *samaz (“same, alike”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sɛːm/
  • Rhymes: -ɛːm
  • (before words beginning with a consonant) IPA(key): /sɛm/

Conjunction

sem

  1. (with a noun phrase) as, like
    Hann var sem guð meðal manna.
    He was like a god amongst men.
    Hár hennar var hvítt sem snjór.
    Her hair was white as snow.
    Hann er sem nýr.
    He is as new.
    Vista sem…
    Save as…
  2. (with a clause) like, as if
    Svo virðist sem sjúkdómurinn sé arfgengur
    Is seems as though the disease is hereditary.
  3. (relative, with a clause) who, which, that
    Þetta er maðurinn sem ég hitti í gær.
    That’s the man that I met yesterday.
    Þetta er konan sem barði mig.
    That’s the woman who hit me.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Verb

sem (weak)

  1. first-person singular present indicative of semja
  2. second-person singular imperative of semja

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

sem

  1. Alternative form of seem (“seam”)

Etymology 2

Noun

sem

  1. Alternative form of seem (“load”)

Old Norse

Etymology 1

Possibly from Proto-Germanic *samaz (“same, alike”).

Alternative forms

Conjunction

sem

  1. as, the same, like
Descendants
  • Icelandic: sem
  • Faroese: sum (from East Nordic)
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: (dialectal) sem, se
  • Old Swedish: sum, som
  • Danish: som
    • Norwegian Bokmål: som

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sem

  1. inflection of semja:
    1. first-person singular active present indicative
    2. second-person singular active imperative

References

  • “sem”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *t͡sẽp, from Proto-Tupian *tẽp.

Cognate with Guaraní sẽ, Sateré-Mawé wẽẽ-tẽp.

Pronunciation

Verb

sem (first-person singular active indicative asem, first-person singular negative active indicative nasemi, noun sema) (intransitive)

  1. to exit; to leave; to get out
    Asem 'y suí.
    I got out of the water.
  2. to move (to change residence)
    Synonym: îakasó
  3. (of a celestial body) to rise

Conjugation

    Conjugation of sem (intransitive, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative asem eresem osem orosem îasem pesem
Permissive t'asem t'eresem t'osem t'orosem t'îasem ta pesem
Imperative esem pesem
Negative indicative n'asemi n'eresemi n'osemi n'orosemi n'îasemi na pesemi
Negative permissive t'asem umẽ t'eresem umẽ t'osem umẽ t'orosem umẽ t'îasem umẽ ta pesem umẽ
Negative imperative esem umẽ pesem umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative gûisema esema osema orosema îasema pesema
Negative gûiseme'yma eseme'yma oseme'yma oroseme'yma îaseme'yma peseme'yma
Causative
Indicative aîmosem ereîmosem oîmosem oroîmosem îaîmosem peîmosem
Permissive t'aîmosem t'ereîmosem t'oîmosem t'oroîmosem t'îaîmosem ta peîmosem
Imperative eîmosem peîmosem
Negative indicative n'aîmosemi n'ereîmosemi n'oîmosemi n'oroîmosemi n'îaîmosemi na peîmosemi
Negative permissive t'aîmosem umẽ t'ereîmosem umẽ t'oîmosem umẽ t'oroîmosem umẽ t'îaîmosem umẽ ta peîmosem umẽ
Negative imperative eîmosem umẽ peîmosem umẽ
Causative-comitative
Indicative arosem ererosem ogûerosem orogûerosem îarosem perosem
Permissive t'arosem t'ererosem t'ogûerosem t'orogûerosem t'îarosem ta perosem
Imperative emosem perosem
Negative indicative n'arosemi n'ererosemi n'ogûerosemi n'orogûerosemi n'îarosemi na perosemi
Negative permissive t'arosem umẽ t'ererosem umẽ t'ogûerosem umẽ t'orogûerosem umẽ t'îarosem umẽ ta perosem umẽ
Negative imperative emosem umẽ perosem umẽ
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative sema
Negative seme'yma
Causative-comitative
Affirmative xe rerosema nde rerosema serosema oré rerosema îandé rerosema pe rerosema
Negative na xe rerosemi na nde rerosemi na serosemi n'oré rerosemi n'îandé rerosemi na pe rerosemi
Circumstantial
Affirmative xe semi i semi oré semi îandé semi
Negative xe seme'ymi i seme'ymi oré seme'ymi îandé seme'ymi

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Andrey Nikulin (2020) Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo‎ (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB, page 568

Further reading

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese sen, from Latin sine, from Proto-Indo-European *sene.

Pronunciation

Preposition

sem

  2. -less; without (not having, containing, characteristic of, etc.)
    Antonym: com
    um livro sem capa ― a book without a cover
    casa sem janelas ― windowless house
  4. (followed by infinitive) without (not doing or not having done something)
    Ele gosta de comer tudo sem dividir.
    He likes to eat everything without sharing.
    Ele atirou sem avisar ninguém.
    He shot without warning anyone.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:sem.

Synonyms

Antonyms

  • (antonym(s) of "not doing or having done something"): use gerund (-ando, -endo, -indo)

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Ambonese Malay: seng
  • Macanese: sim

Romani

Verb

sem

  1. first-person singular present indicative of si

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Etymology 1

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Preposition

sem (Cyrillic spelling сем)

  1. except, apart from, besides

Etymology 2

From Ancient Greek σῆμα (sêma).

Noun

sêm m (Cyrillic spelling сêм)

  1. (semantics) the smallest unit of meaning

Further reading

Slovene

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *sěmo.

Adverb

sem

  1. hither, over here (to here)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *esmь.

Verb

sə̏m

  1. first-person singular present of bíti

Further reading

  • “sem”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Tok Pisin

This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. Tok Pisin is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.

Etymology

From English same.

Adjective

sem

  1. same

Zou

Noun

sem

  1. hair

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia