فضل

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See also: فصل and ف ض ل

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
ف ض ل (f ḍ l)
10 terms

Verb

فَضَلَ (faḍala) I (non-past يَفْضُلُ (yafḍulu), verbal noun فَضْل (faḍl))

  1. (intransitive) to remain, to be left over
    Synonym: بَقِيَ (baqiya)
  2. (transitive, of someone) to exceed or outdo (especially in virtue, merit, or worth); to outworth
    Synonym: أَفْضَلَ (ʔafḍala)
Conjugation

Etymology 1.2

Verb

فَضُلَ (faḍula) I (non-past يَفْضُلُ (yafḍulu), verbal noun فُضُول (fuḍūl))

  1. to become meritorious; to become illustrious
    Synonym: شَرُفَ (šarufa)
Conjugation

Etymology 1.3

Verb

فَضَّلَ (faḍḍala) II (non-past يُفَضِّلُ (yufaḍḍilu), verbal noun تَفْضِيل (tafḍīl))

  1. (transitive) to deem more favorable, to prefer, to favor
    Synonym: آثَرَ (ʔāṯara)
  2. (transitive, of a superior or a superordinate) to make dominant, to privilege
    1. (transitive) to make distinct or prominent, to distinguish, to honor, to grace
      Synonyms: مَازَ (māza), مَيَّزَ (mayyaza), شَرَّفَ (šarrafa), مَزَّى (mazzā)
Conjugation

Etymology 1.4

Noun

فَضْل (faḍlm (plural فُضُول (fuḍūl) or أَفْضَال (ʔafḍāl))

  1. (uncountable) grace, favor (especially when seen as unmerited or unconditional); courtesy
    Synonym: إِحْسَان (ʔiḥsān)
    1. (countable) a blessing, an honor, a generous gift, a bestowment
  2. (uncountable) distinction
    Antonym: نَقْص (naqṣ)
    1. (uncountable, theology) merit
  3. (uncountable) leftovers, remnants
Declension
Derived terms

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ف ض ل
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic فَضَلَ (faḍala).

Pronunciation

Verb

فضل (fiḍil) I (non-past يِفْضَل (yifḍal))

  1. to stay, to remain
    Synonyms: بِقِي (bigi), قَعَد (gaʕad)
  2. to continue
Conjugation
    Conjugation of فضل (fiḍil)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m فضلت (fiḍilt) فضلت (fiḍilt) فضل (fiḍil) فضلنا (fiḍilna) فضلتوا (fiḍiltu) فضلوا (fiḍlu)
f فضلتي (fiḍilti) فضلت (fiḍlat)
non-past m أفضل (ʔafḍal) تفضل (tifḍal) يفضل (yifḍal) نفضل (nifḍal) تفضلوا (tifḍalu) يفضلوا (yifḍalu)
f تفضلي (tifḍali) تفضل (tifḍal)
imperative m افضل (afḍal) افضلوا (afḍalu)
f افضلي (afḍali)

Etymology 2

From Arabic فَضَّلَ (faḍḍala).

Pronunciation

Verb

فضل (faḍḍal) II (non-past يِفَضِّل (yifaḍḍil))

  1. to prefer, to favor
Conjugation
    Conjugation of فضل (faḍḍal)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m فضلت (faḍḍalt) فضلت (faḍḍalt) فضل (faḍḍal) فضلنا (faḍḍalna) فضلتوا (faḍḍaltu) فضلوا (faḍḍalu)
f فضلتي (faḍḍalti) فضلت (faḍḍalat)
non-past m أفضل (ʔafaḍḍil) تفضل (tifaḍḍil) يفضل (yifaḍḍil) نفضل (nifaḍḍil) تفضلوا (tifaḍḍilu) يفضلوا (yifaḍḍilu)
f تفضلي (tifaḍḍili) تفضل (tifaḍḍil)
imperative m فضل (faḍḍil) فضلوا (faḍḍilu)
f فضلي (faḍḍili)

Etymology 3

From Arabic فَضْل (faḍl).

Pronunciation

Noun

فضل (faḍilm (construct state فَضْل (faḍl), plural أفضال (ʔafḍāl))

  1. grace

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ف ض ل
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic فَضَّلَ (faḍḍala).

Pronunciation

Verb

فضّل (faḍḍal) II (non-past يفضّل (yfaḍḍal))

  1. to favor

Conjugation

    Conjugation of فضل
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m فضّلت (faḍḍalt) فضّلتي (faḍḍalti) فضّل (faḍḍal) فضّلنا (faḍḍalna) فضّلتوا (faḍḍaltu) فضّلوا (faḍḍlu)
f فضّلت (faḍḍlāt)
non-past m نفضّل (nfaḍḍal) تفضّل (tfaḍḍal) يفضّل (yfaḍḍal) نفضّلوا (nfaḍḍlu) تفضّلوا (tfaḍḍlu) يفضّلوا (yfaḍḍlu)
f تفضّلي (tfaḍḍli) تفضّل (tfaḍḍal)
imperative m فضّل (faḍḍal) فضّلوا (faḍḍlu)
f فضّلي (faḍḍli)

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فَضْل (faḍl).

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? fazl
Dari reading? fazl
Iranian reading? fazl
Tajik reading? fazl

Noun

فضل (fazl)

  1. learning, knowledge
    Synonyms: دانش (dâneš), علم (elm), دانایی (dânâyi), فضیلت (fazliyat)
    • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 329”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎:
      شاها اگر به عرش رسانم سریر فضل
      مملوک این جنابم و مسکین این درم
      šāhā agar ba arš rasānam sarīr-i fazl
      mamlūk-i īn jinābam u miskīn-i īn daram
      O king! Even if I raise the throne of knowledge to the Empyrean,
      I am the slave at this side, I am the wretch at this gate.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
  2. excellence, virtue, merit
    Synonym: فضیلت (fazliyat)
  3. favor, grace, gift
    Synonym: لطف (lotf)

Further reading

  • Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “فضل”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ف ض ل
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic فَضَّلَ (faḍḍala).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /fadˤ.dˤal/,
  • Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

Verb

فضّل (faḍḍal) II (present بفضّل (bifaḍḍel))

  1. to prefer

Conjugation

    Conjugation of فضّل (faḍḍal)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m فضّلت (faḍḍalt) فضّلت (faḍḍalt) فضّل (faḍḍal) فضّلنا (faḍḍalna) فضّلتو (faḍḍaltu) فضّلو (faḍḍalu)
f فضّلتي (faḍḍalti) فضّلت (faḍḍalat)
present m بفضّل (bafaḍḍel) بتفضّل (bitfaḍḍel) بفضّل (bifaḍḍel) منفضّل (minfaḍḍel) بتفضّلو (bitfaḍḍlu) بفضّلو (bifaḍḍlu)
f بتفضّلي (bitfaḍḍli) بتفضّل (bitfaḍḍel)
subjunctive m افضّل (afaḍḍel) تفضّل (tfaḍḍel) يفضّل (yfaḍḍel) نفضّل (nfaḍḍel) تفضّلو (tfaḍḍlu) يفضّلو (yfaḍḍlu)
f تفضّلي (tfaḍḍli) تفضّل (tfaḍḍel)
imperative m فضّل (faḍḍel) فضّلو (faḍḍlu)
f فضّلي (faḍḍli)